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Chapter 7 Solutions: 7.6 Solutions in Chemical Reactions

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45 views10 pages

Chapter 7 Solutions: 7.6 Solutions in Chemical Reactions

Uploaded by

garciajeremiah070
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 7 Solutions

7.6
Solutions in Chemical Reactions

Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc.


Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

1
Molarity in Chemical Reactions

In a chemical reaction,
• the volume and molarity of a solution are used to
determine the moles of a reactant or product.

molarity ( mole ) x volume (L) = moles


1L
• if molarity (mole/L) and moles are given, the volume
(L) can be determined
moles x 1L = volume (L)
moles

2
Using Molarity of Reactants

How many mL of 3.00 M HCl are needed to completely


react with 4.85 g CaCO3?

2 HCl(aq) + CaCO3(s) CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)

STEP 1 Given 3.00 M HCl; 4.85 g CaCO3


Need volume in mL
STEP 2 Plan
g CaCO3 mole CaCO3 mole HCl mL HCl

3
Using Molarity of Reactants (cont.)

2 HCl(aq) + CaCO3(s) CaCl2(aq) + CO2(g) + H2O(l)


STEP 3 Equalitites
1 mole CaCO3 = 100.1 g; 1 mole CaCO3 = 2 mole HCl
1000 mL HCl = 3.00 mole HCl
STEP 4 Set Up
4.85 g CaCO3 x 1 mole CaCO3 x 2 mole HCl x 1000 mL HCl
100.1 g CaCO3 1 mole CaCO3 3.00 mole HCl

= 32.3 mL HCl required

4
Learning Check

How many mL of a 0.150 M Na2S solution are needed to


completely react 18.5 mL of 0.225 M NiCl2 solution?

NiCl2(aq) + Na2S(aq) NiS(s) + 2 NaCl(aq)

1) 4.16 mL
2) 6.24 mL
3) 27.0 mL

5
Solution

3) 27.8 mL

0.0185 L x 0.225 mole NiCl2 x 1 mole Na2S x 1000 mL


1L 1 mole NiCl2 0.150 mole

= 27.0 mL Na2S solution

6
Learning Check

If 22.8 mL of 0.100 M MgCl2 is needed to completely


react 15.0 mL of AgNO3 solution, what is the molarity of
the AgNO3 solution?

MgCl2(aq) + 2 AgNO3(aq) 2 AgCl(s) + Mg(NO3)2(aq)

1) 0.0760 M
2) 0.152 M
3) 0.304 M

7
Solution

3) 0.304 M AgNO3

0.0228 L x 0.100 mole MgCl2 x 2 mole AgNO3 x 1 P


1L 1 mole MgCl2 0.0150
L

= 0.304 mole/L = 0.304 M AgNO3

8
Learning Check

How many liters of H2 gas at STP are produced


when Zn react with 125 mL of 6.00 M HCl?

Zn(s) + 2 HCl(aq) ZnCl2 (aq) + H2(g)

1) 4.20 L H2
2) 8.40 L H2
3) 16.8 L H2

9
Solution

2) 8.40 L H2 gas

0.125 L x 6.00 mole HCl x 1 mole H2 x 22.4 L


1L 2 mole HCl 1 mole

= 8.40 L H2 gas

10

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