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Unit 03 Cell, Tissue & Membranes

pPhysiopedia Contents Editors Share Principles of Paediatric Physiotherapy ONLINE COURSE Paediatric Physiotherapy Programme Presented by: Krista Eskay Introduction Physiotherapists who work in the field of paediatrics provide support and treatment services to the paediatric population. They understand well that children are very different from adults. These health professionals have a good understanding of typical Child Development and how this relates to body systems and functions

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12 views23 pages

Unit 03 Cell, Tissue & Membranes

pPhysiopedia Contents Editors Share Principles of Paediatric Physiotherapy ONLINE COURSE Paediatric Physiotherapy Programme Presented by: Krista Eskay Introduction Physiotherapists who work in the field of paediatrics provide support and treatment services to the paediatric population. They understand well that children are very different from adults. These health professionals have a good understanding of typical Child Development and how this relates to body systems and functions

Uploaded by

shaukatmuhammad836
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Anatomy and Physiology

CAN & Paramedics


Topic
Unit 03
Objectives:
• Describe structure and function of a cell.
• Define a Tissue and give Classification of body
tissues on the basis of structure, location and
function.
Structure and Function of a Cell
• The cell is the smallest unit of life. Organelles within
the cell are specialized bodies performing specific
cellular functions. Thus, there are nerve cells, bone
cells, and muscle cells.
Discuss process of cell division Le. mitosis and meiosis
MITOSIS MIEOSIS
Definition A process of asexual A type of cellular
reproduction in which reproduction in in
cell divided into two which the number
which producing a of chromosomes are
replica with an equal reduced by half
number of producing two
chromosomes in each haploid cells
resulting diploid cell
Occurs in All organism Reproductive cells of
humans, animals,
plants and fungi

Types of Asexual Sexual


reproduction
Genetically Produces identical Different
organisms cells cells/organisms

Crossing over NO, crossing over Yes, crossing over


can't occur can't occur
MITOSIS MIEOSIS

Pairing of homologous NO Yes


Number of divisions 1 2
Number of daughter cells 2 Diploid cells 4 Haploid cells
produced
Define a Tissue and give Classification of body
tissues on the basis of structure, location and
function:
• A tissue is a group of similar cells performing a
common function. Muscle tissue, for example,
consists of muscle cells.

Body tissues are classify into the following four major


types: Epithelial tissues Connective tissues, Muscle
tissues and Nervous tissues
1. Epithelial tissues:
• This is made up of a layer or layers of tightly packed cells
that line the surfaces of the body. The largest example of
epithelial tissue (also the larges organ in the human body)
is the skin.

Types: It has two basic types:


1) Simple epithelial tissue (single layers of cell) simple
epithelial tissue has following sub types:
1. Squamous epithelial
2. Cuboidal and
3. Columnar
2. Stratified epithelial tissue
• (contains several layers), further subdivided into:

a) Stratified epithelial

b) Keratinized stratified epithelium (hair, nails)

c) Non keratinized stratified epithelium cells (conjunctiva)

d)Transitional epithelial (Ex: pear shaped cells urinary


bladder)
Function of epithelial tissue:
Protection

Secretion

Absorption
B) Connective tissues:
• It is the most abundant tissue in the body

Major function of connective tissues are:


Binding
Structural support
Protection
Transport
Insulation
Types of Connective tissues:
1-Blood
2-Loose (areolar)
3-Adipose (white and brown)
4-Lumphoid tissue
5-Deme connective tissue
6-Cartilage
7-Bone
C) Muscle tissues:
• They are able to contract and relax, providing movement to
the body itself Muscle contraction requires an adequate
blood supply to provide sufficient oxygen, calcium and
nutrients and to remove waste products

Types: There are three types of muscle tissue:

1-Skeletal (voluntary)

2-Cardiac (They only found in heart)

3- Smooth. (Involuntary)
D) Nervous tissues:
• These are made up of the nerve cells (neurons) that form
the nervous system, including the brain and spinal cord.
These cells are especially responsive to stimuli, allowing
nervous tissue to transmit stimuli from the brain to the
body extremely rapidly.
Types:
1. Excitable cells >Neurons

2-Non excitable cells; are also called glial cells, they support the neuron.

Four Types of Tissues

Connective tissue

Epithelial tissue

Muscle tissue

Nervous tissue

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