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Kinds of Musical Instruments 1

PPT FOR KINDS OF INSTRUMENTAL

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
49 views43 pages

Kinds of Musical Instruments 1

PPT FOR KINDS OF INSTRUMENTAL

Uploaded by

Reginelie Padog
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Kinds of Musical

Instruments
String
Instruments
1. Violin The violin is the baby of the string family, and
like babies, makes the highest sounds. There are more
violins in the orchestra than any other instrument (there
can be up to 30!) and they are divided into two groups:
first and second. First violins often play the melody, while
second violins alternate between melody and harmony.
2. Viola is the older sister or
brother of the violin. It is slightly
larger, just over two feet long,
and has thicker strings, which
produce a richer, warmer sound
than the violin.

3. Cello looks like the violin and viola but


is much larger (around 4 feet long), and has
thicker strings than either the violin or viola.
Of all the string instruments, the cello sounds
most like a human voice, and it can make a
wide variety of tones, from warm low pitches
to bright higher notes.
4. Harp is different from the
other stringed instruments. It’s
tall, about six feet, shaped a
little like the number 7, and has
47 strings of varying lengths,
which are tuned to the notes of
the white keys of the piano.

5. Double bass This is the


grandfather of the string family. At over 6 feet
long, the double bass is the biggest member
of the string family, with the longest strings,
which allow it to play very low notes.
6. Guitar is a fretted musical
instrument that typically has six
strings. The sound of the guitar is
projected either acoustically, by
means of a resonant chamber on
the instrument, or amplified by an
electronic pickup and an amplifier.
Woodwind
Instruments
1. Flute The flute is the
oldest of all instruments that
produce pitched sounds (not
just rhythms), and was originally
made from wood, stone, clay or
hollow reeds like bamboo.

2. Piccolo A shorter version of the


flute is called the piccolo, which means small
in Italian. At half the size of a standard flute,
piccolos play the highest notes of all the
woodwinds
1. Oboe The oboe is a 2 foot
long black cylinder with metal
keys covering its holes, and its
mouthpiece uses a double reed,
which vibrates when you blow
through it. This vibration of the
reed makes the air inside the
oboe move, and thus creates
sound.
4. Clarinet The clarinet could easily
be mistaken for an oboe, except for the
mouthpiece, which uses a single reed.
Clarinets come in a number of different sizes,
and the standard B-flat clarinet is just over 2
feet long.
1. Bassoon The bassoon is
a long pipe, doubled in half,
made of wood, with many keys.
The bend in the pipe makes it
possible for musicians to play it
comfortably.
Brass
Instruments
THE BRASS INSTRUMENTS
• Can be play louder than any another in the
orchestra and can also be heard from far away.
• Made entirely of brass.
• Are essentially very long pipes that widen at
their ends into a bell like shape.
• Have three major sections: a mouthpiece, a
length of tubing, and a bell)
• These early “brass-style” instruments included
conch shells, animal horns, and hollow sticks.
Brass players can do:
• Use their breath to produce sound
• Pressing down on the valves and buzzing your
lips harder or softer.
4 Major Members
of the Brass Family:

• Trumpet
• French Horn
• Trombone
• Tuba.
Trumpet
• Characteristics:
• Is the smallest member of its family and plays the
highest pitches with it bright and vibrant sound.
• Is a slender brass pipe with three attached valves.
• It would be 6 ½ feet long.
• How to play:
• -play it by holding it horizontally, buzzing your lips
into the mouthpiece, and pressing down the three
valves in various combination to change pitch.
French Horn
• Characteristics:
• Produce a wide variety of sound ranging from very loud to
very soft, and from harsh and blaring to mellow and smooth.
• 18 feet of tubing is rolled up into a circular shape, with a
large bell at its end.
• How to play:
• Hold it with the bell curving downward and buzz into the
mouthpiece
• The left hand plays the three valves
• It can change the type of sound they make by the way you
place your right hand in the bell.
Trombone
• Characteristics:
• Is the only instrument in the brass family that uses a slide
instead of valves to change the pitch.
• Made of long thin brass pipes
• Two U-shaped pipes are linked at opposite ends to form an
“S”.
• 9 feet long
• How to play:
• Play it by holding it horizontally, buzzing into the mouthpiece,
and using your right hand to change pitch by pushing or
pulling the slide to one of seven different positions.
Tuba
• Characteristics:
• Is the father of the brass family of the family.
• Largest and lowest brass instrument and anchors the harmony not only
of the brass family but the whole orchestra with it deep rich sound.
• It has a long metal tube, curved into an oblong shape, with a huge bell
at the end.
• Range in size from 9 to 18 feet, the larger they are, the lower they
sound.
• How to play:
• Sitting down with the instrument on your lap and the bell facing up.
• you blow and buzz into a very large mouthpiece and use your hand to
press down on the valves which changes the sound.
• It takes a lot of breath to make sound with the tuba.
Percussion
Instruments
PERCUSSION
INSTRUMENTS
Is made up of these
instruments which are
sounded by beating or
striking.
Two Categories of
Percussion
Instruments

Idiophones - are instruments whose


own substance vibrates to produce
sound (as opposed to the strings of
a guitar or the air column of a flute.
Strucked idiophones - Produce sound
when they are struck either directly or
indirectly (ie. xylophones and gendérs).

Plucked idiophones - Produce sound


when part of the instrument (not a string) is
plucked. The mbira and the Jew's harp are
good examples of plucked idiophones.
Two Categories of
Percussion
Instruments

Membranophones - emit sound by the


vibration of a stretched membrane; the
prime examples are drums.
Some examples of
Percussion
Instruments
Snare drum – this drum
has a skin stretched over
each end of a wood or
metal frame. It is played
with two sticks. It has
only one tone and so is
used only for rhythm.
Bass drum – this a
larger drum . it is struck
with a soft headed
sticks. Its sound is
booming.
Kettle drum (timpani) – they
are bowls of brass or copper
with skin stretched across the
top. They are issued in pairs,
with one making a lower note
that the other. They are
played with sticks having
heads cover with leather.
Cymbals – these are
round, brass plates with
handles at the back. They
are played by striking the
edges against each other
to make a sound.
Triangle – this is a piece
of steel bent into three-
sided instrument and is
open at one corner. It is
held by a cord and struck
with metal rod.
Tambourine – tiny drum
has only one skin and
has many metal jingles in
the rim or hoop.
Xylophone - from Greek xylon and
phonē, “wood” and “sound”. a
percussion instrument consisting of a
series of wooden bars graduated in
length to produce the musical scale,
supported on belts of straw or felt,
and sounded by striking with two
small wooden hammers.
Glokenspiel - (German: “set of bells”),
resembles a small xylophone,
but it is made of steel bars. The
glockenspiel is typically played with
wooden or plastic mallets, producing
a high tuned sound that is bright and
penetrating. The name glockenspiel
comes from the German language
and means “to play the bells.”
The Band
It was originated from Middle French, bande or
"troop".
- It includes brass, percussion and woodwinds
instruments along with flutes, clarinets and
trumpets.
- It is comparatively small group of performers
without string instruments.
- The band performers are found marching on the
floor or stage.
- A professional leader is seen keeping busy by
playing an instruments.
Types of Band
1. Concert Band - is a performing ensemble consisting of
members of woodwinds, brass, and percussion families of
instruments.
2. Marching Band - is a sport in which instrumental musicians
perform outdoors for the purpose of entertainment,
exercise and sometimes for competition.
3. Jazz Band - is a musical ensemble that plays jazz music.
Types of Band
Jazz Ensemble Types
1. Combos - Small jazz type of three to four musicians can be
found in night club venues.
2. Three Parts (Trios) - One type of jazz formed with a pianist, a
bass player and a drummer.
3. Four or More Parts - Slightly larger type of jazz ensemble.

4. Rock and Pop Bands - is a small ensemble of musicians who


perform rock music.
The Orchestra
An orchestra is a large instrumental ensemble
typical of classical music, which combines
instruments from different families.

Types of Orchestra
Chamber Orchestra – consist of 50 maximum of
instrumentalists, only using the string family.
Symphony Orchestra- Consist of the 4 families of instruments,
namely; string, woodwinds, brass and percussion families of
instruments
The Orchestra
An orchestra is a large instrumental ensemble typical of
classical music, which combines instruments from different
families.

Types of Orchestra
Chamber Orchestra – consist of 50 maximum of
instrumentalists, only using the string family.
Symphony Orchestra- Consist of the 4 families of instruments,
namely; string, woodwinds, brass and percussion families of
instruments
Jazz Violin
History
Jazz violin is the use of the violin or electric violin to improvise
solo lines. Jazz derives African musical traditions.
19th century styles: French quadrilles, ragtime, blues, swing,
Gypsy jazz, and bebop, cool jazz and free jazz Stephane
Grappelli is the greatest Jazz violinist of all time.
Jazz Violin
History
Jazz is a kind of music in which improvisation is typically an
important part.
Modern Styles:
• Traditonal Jazz
• Swing Bepop
• Cool Jazz
• Early Jazz
• Jazz Fusion
• Gypsy Jazz
Jazz Violin
The Violin
The sound produced by the violin is little bit soft.
Types of violin
1. Baroque violin
2. Classical violin
3. Stroh violin
4. Semi- electric violin
5. Electric violin
6. Silent violin
7. Five -string violin
Jazz Violin
How to Play Jazz:

Improvisation - the creative activity of immediate


musical composition.
Solo performing - sometimes referred to us a one-
man show or one woman show.
Jazz Violin
Jazz Violin Vs. Normal Violin
Normal Violin – group of violinist is playing to create music.

Jazz Violin – the background music is toned down to allow for


a solo violin performer to show off his or her skills in
improvising solo lines.
References:
https://www.orsymphony.org/learning-community/instruments/

https://stringshq.com/violins-jazz/?fbclid=IwAR37TlMGY_AOzmfiz3QNPYLguAVo0X
a8pWyYwbal55Bd25U1Chkb6JGkGVI

https://www.masterclass.com/articles/what-is-jazz?fbclid=IwAR1ZP_JReZhh19QzkK
v3o5XhBM1LCS-EXlHsFZa1FyoBGYEXkKUU9ZyApb8
THANK YOU

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