Republic of the Philippines

Region XII
PROVINCE OF SOUTH COTABAT0
Schools Division of South Cotabato

Refresher Training for 2024

SCPAA Meet Technical
Officials
(SWIMMING EVENT)
March 15-16 , 2024 at Sto. Niño Central Elementary School,
Sto. Niño, South Cotabato
MA. CECILIA P. MUYCO
School Principal II
Tournament Manager
 D Y ?
R E A
Y O U
A R E
 VISION:
TO ENABLE EVERYONE IN THE
WORLD TO SWIM.

MISSION:
TO INCREASE PARTICIPATION
IN ALL AQUATIC SPORTS
 WA
SWIMMING
RULES
2023-2025
1. SWIMMING
RULES
1.1
The Management Committee appointed by
the governing body shall have jurisdiction
over all matters not assigned by the rules to
the referee, judges or other officials and
shall have power to postpone events and
give directions consistent with rules
adopted for conducting any event.
1.2
Organizers of swimming
competitions shall appoint
sufficient officials to ensure the
fairness, integrity and safety of the
competition.
1.2.1
At the Olympic Games, the World
Aquatics Championships, and the World
Aquatics Swimming Championships
(25m), the following minimum number
of officials for the control of the
competition shall be appointed:
 1.2.1
• Referee (2)
• Video Review Supervisor
• Starters (2) (1)
• Judges of Stroke (4) • Video Review judges (4/5)
• Chief Inspector of Turns (2) • Call Room Supervisor (1)
• Inspectors of Turns (16/20 + 2 • Call room judges (4/5)
reserves)
• Resolution Desk judge
• Control Room Supervisor (1)
• Warm-up supervisor(s)
1.2.2
For all other international competitions,
the governing body shall appoint the
same or fewer number of officials,
subject to the approval of the respective
regional or international authority
where appropriate.
1.2.3
Where Automatic Officiating Equipment is not
available, such equipment must be replaced by a
chief timekeeper. Wherever possible, a minimum
of one (1) timekeeper per lane shall be appointed
together with one (1) additional timekeeper in
case of a watch malfunction. It is advisable that
there shall be three (3) timekeepers for each lane.
1.2.4

Finish judges may be used when

Automatic Equipment and/or
watches are not used.
1.3
The swimming pool and the technical
equipment shall be inspected and
approved prior to the Swimming
competitions by the World Aquatics
Delegate together with a member of
the Technical Swimming Committee.
1.4
Where underwater video equipment is used
by television, the equipment must be
operated by remote control and shall not
obstruct the vision or path of swimmers and
must not change the configuration of the
pool or obscure the required World Aquatics
markings.
1.5
The event management shall specify
for heats, semi-finals, and finals the
presentation and preparation protocol
that the competitors must respect
when they leave the final call-room.
1.6
Program of World Aquatics and
Olympic Games Swimming
Competitions
1.6.1
1.6.1

Only entry times achieved in 50m

pools will be accepted. Heats and
semi-finals may be swum using
10 lanes. Finals should be swum
using 8 lanes
1.6.2
1.6.2

Only entry times achieved in 50m

pools will be accepted. Heats and
semi-finals may be swum using
10 lanes. Finals should be swum
using 8 lanes
1.6.3
1.6.3

Entry times achieved in 25m and

50m pools will be accepted.
Heats and semi-finals may be
swum using 10 lanes. Finals
should be swum using 8 lanes.
1.6.4
1.6.4

Only entry times achieved in 50m

pools will be accepted. Heats and
semi-finals may be swum using
10 lanes. Finals should be swum
using 8 lanes.
1.6.5

Program of the World Aquatics

Swimming World Cup
The program of the World Aquatics
Swimming World Cup will be defined by
World Aquatics on an annual basis.
2. OFFICIALS
2.1

REFEREE
2.1.1 REFEREE

The referee shall have full control and

authority over all officials, approve
their assignments, and instruct them
regarding all special features or
regulations related to the competitions
2.1.1 REFEREE

She/He shall enforce all rules and

decide all questions relating to the
actual conduct of the meet, and event
or the competition, the final settlement
of which is not otherwise covered by
the rules.
2.1.2 REFEREE

The referee may intervene in the

competition at any stage to ensure that
the regulations are observed, and
adjudicate all protests related to the
competition in progress.
2.1.3 REFEREE

When using finish judges without three (3)

digital watches, the referee shall determine
placing where necessary. Automatic
Officiating Equipment, if available and
operating shall be consulted as stated in Part
Two, Article 13.
2.1.4 REFEREE

The referee shall ensure that all necessary

officials are in their respective posts for the
conduct of the competition, appoint
substitutes for any who are absent,
incapable of acting or found to be inefficient
and add officials if considered necessary.
 2.1.5 REFEREE
Once all swimmers have removed their clothing, except for
swimwear, the Referee shall signal the commencement of
an event:
-by a short series of whistles inviting them to get ready at the
starting end,
-followed by a long whistle indicating that they should take
their positions on the starting platform (or for backstroke
swimming and medley relays to immediately enter the
water).
2.1.5 REFEREE
A second long whistle shall bring the backstroke and
medley relay swimmer immediately to the starting
position.
When the swimmers and officials are prepared for the
start, the referee shall gesture to the starter with a
stretched-out arm, indicating that the swimmers are
under the starter's control and shall stay in that position
until the start is given.
2.1.6 REFEREE

A DISQUALIFICATION for initiating the start

before the starting signal must be observed
and confirmed by both the Starter and the
Referee. When Automatic Officiating
Equipment is available, it may be used to
verify the disqualification.
2.1.7 REFEREE
The referee shall DISQUALIFY any
swimmer for any other violation of the
rules that they personally observe and
violation reported to him by other
authorized officials. All disqualifications
are subject to the decision of the referee.
2.1.8 REFEREE
All POTENTIAL INFRACTIONS shall be
verbally reported to the Referee. Once
confirmed by the Referee, a signed
disqualification card shall be completed
by the reporting official, detailing the
event, lane number and the infraction.
2.1.9 REFEREE
The Referee shall appoint officials who shall
determine, in relay events, whether the starting
swimmer is in contact with the starting platform
and when the preceding swimmer touches the
starting wall. When Automatic Officiating
Equipment which judges relay take-offs is
available, it shall be used in accordance with
Part Two, Article 13.1.
2.2

CONTROL ROOM
SUPERVISOR
2.2.1 CONTROL ROOM SUPERVISOR

The Control Room Supervisor

shall supervise the operation of
the Automatic Officiating
Equipment.
2.2.2-4 CONTROL ROOM SUPERVISOR
The Control Room Supervisor is
responsible for checking the results from
computer printouts, the relay exchange
printout, reporting any early takeoffs to
the referee, and review the video timing
to confirm early take-off.
2.2.5 CONTROL ROOM SUPERVISOR
The Control Room Supervisor shall
• control withdrawals after the heats
and/or semi- finals
• enter results on official forms
• list all new records established
• maintain scores where appropriate.
2.3

STARTER
2.3.1 STARTER
The starter shall have full control of
the swimmers from the time the
referee turns the swimmers over to him
(Part Two, Article 2.1.5) until the race
has commenced. The start shall be
given in accordance with Part Two,
Article 4.
2.3.2 STARTER
The starter shall report a swimmer to
the referee for delaying the start,
willfully disobeying an order or any
other misconduct taking place at the
start, but only the referee may
disqualify a swimmer for such delay,
willful disobedience or misconduct.
2.3.3 STARTER

The starter shall have power

to decide whether the start is
fair, subject only to the
decision of the Referee.
2.3.4 STARTER
When starting an event, the starter shall
stand on the side of the pool within
approximately five meters of the starting
edge of the pool where the timekeepers
can see and or hear the starting signal and
the swimmers can hear the signal.
2.3.5 STARTER

The Starter shall report to

the Referee any violation
observed within their
jurisdiction
2.4

CALL ROOM
SUPERVISOR
2.4.1 CALL ROOM SUPERVISOR

The Call Room

Supervisor shall
assemble swimmers
prior to each event.
2.4.2 CALL ROOM SUPERVISOR
The Call Room Supervisor shall report to the
Referee any violation noted with regard to:
• swimwear
•advertising (Part One, Article 8 - Advertising
Identification);
• if a swimmer is not present when called.
2.5

CHIEF INSPECTOR
OF TURNS
2.5.1 CHIEF INSPECTOR OF TURNS

The Chief Inspector of Turns

shall ensure that inspectors of
turns fulfil their duties during
the competition.
2.6

INSPECTOR OF
TURNS
2.6.1 CHIEF INSPECTOR OF TURNS

One Inspector of Turns shall be

assigned to each lane at each end of
the pool, to ensure swimmers comply
with the relevant rules after the start,
for each turn, and at the finish.
2.6.2 CHIEF INSPECTOR OF TURNS
Jurisdiction for the Inspector of Turns
at the start end commences from the
start signal until the completion of the
first arm stroke, except in Breaststroke
where it shall be the second arm
stroke.
2.6.3 CHIEF INSPECTOR OF TURNS

For each turn, jurisdiction for the Inspector

of Turns commences from the beginning of
the last arm stroke before touching and
ending with the completion of the first arm
stroke after the turn, except in Breaststroke
where it shall be the second arm stroke.
2.6.4 CHIEF INSPECTOR OF TURNS

Jurisdiction for the Inspector of

Turns at the finish commences
from the beginning of the last
arm stroke before touching.
2.6.5 CHIEF INSPECTOR OF TURNS

When a Backstroke ledge is being

used, each inspector at the starting end
shall install and remove the ledge. Once
installed, the ledge shall be set at zero
(0).
 2.6.6 CHIEF INSPECTOR OF TURNS
In individual events of 800 and 1500 metres, each Inspector
of Turns at the start and turning end of the pool shall
record the number of laps completed by the swimmer in
his/her lane. The swimmers shall be informed of the
remaining number of laps to be completed by displaying
“lap cards” showing odd numbers at the turning end of the
pool. Electronic equipment may be used, including under
water display.
 2.6.7 CHIEF INSPECTOR OF TURNS

Each inspector at the starting end shall give a

warning signal when the swimmer in their lane has
two lengths plus five (5) metres to swim to finish in
individual events of 800 and 1500 metres. The signal
may be repeated after the turn until the swimmer has
reached the five (5) metres mark on the lane rope.
The warning signal may be by whistle or bell.
 2.6.8 CHIEF INSPECTOR OF TURNS

Each inspector at the starting end shall determine, in

relay events, whether the starting swimmer is in
contact with the starting platform when the
preceding swimmer touches the starting wall. When
Automatic Equipment which judges relay take-offs is
available, it shall be used in accordance with Part
Two, Article 13.1
2.6.9 CHIEF INSPECTOR OF TURNS

Inspectors of Turns shall report

to the Referee any violation
observed within their
jurisdiction.
2.7

JUDGES OF
TURNS
2.7.1-2 JUDGES OF TURNS

Judges of Stroke shall be located

on each side of the pool and ensure
that the rules related to the style of
swimming designated for the event
are being observed
2.7.2-3 JUDGES OF TURNS

Each Judge of Stroke shall observe

the turns and the finishes to assist
the Inspectors of Turns and report
to the Referee any violation
observed within their jurisdiction.
2.8

CHIEF
TIMEKEEPER
 2.8.1 CHIEF TIMEKEEPER
The Chief Timekeeper shall assign the seating positions for all
timekeepers and the lanes for which they are responsible.
-advisable that there shall be three (3) timekeepers for each lane
-there shall be two (2) additional timekeepers (If Automatic
Officiating Equipment is not used) either directed to replace a
timekeeper whose watch did not start or stopped during an
event, or who for any other reason is not able to record the time.
When using digital watches, final time and place is determined
by time.
 2.8.2 CHIEF TIMEKEEPER

When only one (1) timekeeper per lane is

available, an extra timekeeper must be assigned
in case of a malfunction of a watch. In addition,
the chief timekeeper must always record the
time of the winner of each race.
2.8.3-4
CHIEF TIMEKEEPER
The Chief Timekeeper shall collect
from the timekeepers in each lane a
card showing the times recorded and, if
necessary, inspect their watches and
record or examine the official time on the
card for each lane.
2.9

TIMEKEEPERS
2.9.1 TIMEKEEPER
Each timekeeper shall take the
time of the swimmers in the
lane assigned to him in
accordance with Part Two,
Article 11.3.
2.9.2 TIMEKEEPER
Each timekeeper shall start their watch at
the starting signal and shall stop it when the
swimmer in their lane has completed the
race. Timekeepers may be instructed by the
Chief Timekeeper to record times at
intermediate distances in races longer than
100 metres.
2.9.3 TIMEKEEPER
After the race, the timekeepers in each lane
shall record the times of their watches on
the card, give them to the Chief Timekeeper,
and if requested present their watches for
inspection. Their watches must be cleared at
the short whistle of the Referee announcing
the following race.
2.9.4 TIMEKEEPER

Unless video timing is used, it may be

necessary to use the full complement
of timekeepers even when Automatic
Officiating Equipment is used.
2.10

FINISH JUDGES-if
required
2.10.1 FINISH JUDGE
Finish judges shall be
positioned in line with the finish
where they have at all times a
clear view of the course and the
finish line.
2.10.2 FINISH JUDGE
After each event the finish judges shall
decide and report the placing of the
swimmers according to the assignments
given to them. Finish judges other than
push- button operators shall not act as
timekeepers in the same event.
2.11

CHIEF RECORDER (other than

for olympic games and world
aquatics championships)
2.11.1 CHIEF RECORDER

The chief recorder is responsible for

checking results from computer printouts or
from results of times and placing in each
event received from the referee. The chief
recorder shall witness the referee's signing
the results.
2.12

RECORDER (other than for

olympic games and world
aquatics championships)
2.12.1 RECORDER
The recorders shall control
withdrawals after the heats or
semi-finals, enter results on official
forms, list all new records
established, and maintain scores
where appropriate.
2.13

VIDEO REVIEW
SUPERVISOR
2.13.1 VIDEO REVIEW SUPERVISOR
The Video Review Supervisor
shall ensure that Video Review
Judges are in their respective
posts and fulfil their duties
during the competition.
2.13.2-4
VIDEO REVIEW SUPERVISOR

The Video Review Supervisor shall review

and confirm all rule infractions reported to
them by the Video Review Judges and
Referee and report to the Referee any
violation confirmed in the video review.
2.14

VIDEO REVIEW
JUDGE
2.14.1 VIDEO REVIEW JUDGE

Each Video Review Judge shall ensure

that the rules related to the style of
swimming designated for the event are
being observed and shall observe the
turns and the finishes.
2.14.2 VIDEO REVIEW JUDGE

Video Review Judge shall report any

violation observed to the Video Review
Supervisor. If the infraction is
confirmed, the video review judge shall
complete a disqualification card.
2.15

OFFICIAL’S DECISION
MAKING
2.15.1 OFFICIAL’S DECISION MAKING
Officials shall make their
decision autonomously and
independently of each other
unless otherwise provided in
Part Two.
3. SEEDING OF HEATS,
SEMI-FINALS AND
FINALS
The starting stations for all events in
Olympic Games, World Aquatics
Championships, Regional Games and
other World Aquatics competitions
shall be by seeding as follows:
3.1

HEATS
 3.1.1 HEATS

The best competitive times of all entrants

for the announced qualifying period prior to
the entry deadline of the competition shall
be submitted on entry forms or on-line, as
requested, and listed in order of time by the
Management Committee.
 3.1.1 HEATS
Swimmers who do not submit official
recorded times shall be considered the
slowest and shall be placed at the end of the
list with a no time. Placement of swimmers
with identical times or of more than one
swimmer without times shall be determined
by draw.
 3.1.1 HEATS
Swimmers shall be placed in lanes
according to the procedures set forth in
Part Two, Article 3.1.2 below.
Swimmers shall be placed in trial heats
according to submitted times in the
following manner.
3.1.1.1 HEATS

If one heat, it shall be seeded

as a final and swum only during
the final session.
3.1.1.2 HEATS

If two heats, the fastest swimmer

shall be seeded in the second heat,
next fastest in the first heat, next
fastest in the second heat, next in
the first heat, etc.
3.1.1.3 HEATS
If three heats, except 400m, 800m and 1500m
events, the fastest swimmer shall be placed in
the third heat, next fastest in the second, next
fastest in the first. The fourth fastest swimmer
shall be placed in the third heat, the fifth in the
second heat, and the sixth fastest in the first
heat, the seventh fastest in the third heat, etc.
3.1.1.4 HEATS
If four or more heats, except 400m, 800m and 1500m
events, the last three heats of the event shall be seeded in
accordance with Part Two, Article 3.1.1.3 above. The heat
preceding the last three heats shall consist of the next
fastest swimmers; the heat preceding the last four heats
shall consist of the next fastest swimmers, etc. Lanes shall
be assigned in descending order of submitted times within
each heat, in accordance with the pattern outlined in Part
Two, Article 3.1.2 below.
3.1.1.5 HEATS

For 400m, 800m and 1500m events,

the last two heats of the event shall be
seeded in accordance with Part Two,
Article 3.1.1.2
3.1.1.6 HEATS

Exception: When there are two or more

heats in an event, there shall be a minimum
of three swimmers seeded into any one
preliminary heat, but subsequent scratches
may reduce the number of swimmers in such
heat to less than three.
3.1.1.7 HEATS
When a ten (10) lane pool is available and equal times are
established for the 8th place in the heats or semi-finals of
events in excess of 200m and, including relay events, lane 0
will be used. A random draw will be held to determine
which competitor is allocated in lane 8 and lane 0. In case
of three (3) equal times for 8th place, lane 9 and 0 will be
used with a random draw for lane 8, 9 and 0. In the event
that there are more than three (3) competitors or teams
having equal times for 8th place in the heats or semi-finals,
a swim-off may be held.
3.1.1.8 HEATS

Where a 10 lane pool is not

available provisions outlined in Part
Two, Article 3.2.3 will apply.
 3.1.2 HEATS
Except for 50 metre events in 50 metre pools, assignment of lanes
shall be (number 1 lane being on the right side of the pool (0 when
using pools with 10 lanes) when facing the course from the starting
end) by placing the fastest swimmer or team in the centre lane in
pool with an odd number of lanes, or in lane 3 or 4 respectively in
pools having 6 or 8 lanes. In pools using 10 lanes, the fastest
swimmer shall be placed in lane 4. The swimmer having the next
fastest time is to be placed on their left, then alternating the others
to right and left in accordance with the submitted times. Swimmers
with identical times shall be assigned their lane positions by draw
within the aforesaid pattern.
 3.1.3 HEATS
When 50 metre events are contested in 50 metre pools, the races
may be swum, at the discretion of the Management Committee,
either from the regular starting end to the turning end or from the
turning end to the starting end, depending upon such factors as
existence of adequate Automatic Equipment, starter's position, etc.
The Management Committee should advise swimmers of their
determination well before the start of the competition. Regardless
of which way the race is swum, the swimmers shall be seeded in
the same lanes in which they would be seeded if they were both
starting and finishing at the starting end.
3.2

SEMI-FINALS
3.2.1 SEMI-FINALS

In the semi-finals heats shall be

assigned as outlined in Part
Two, Article 3.1.1.2.
 3.2.2 SEMI-FINALS
Where no preliminary heats are necessary,
lanes shall be assigned in accordance with
Part Two, Article 3.1.2 above. Where
preliminary heats or semi-finals have been
held, lanes shall be assigned as in Part Two,
Article 3.1.2 based, however, on times
established in such heats.
 3.2.3 SEMI-FINALS
In the event that swimmers from the same or different heats have
equal times registered to 1/100 second for either the eighth/tenth
place or sixteenth/twentieth place depending on the use of 8 or 10
lanes, there may be a swim-off to determine which swimmer shall
advance to the appropriate finals. Such swim-off shall take place
after all involved swimmers have completed their heats at a time
agreed between the event management and the parties involved.
Another swim-off may take place if equal times are registered
again. If required, a swim off will take place to determine 1st and
2nd reserve if equal times are recorded
 3.2.4 SEMI-FINALS
Where one or more swimmers scratch from a semi-
final or final reserves will be called in order of
classifications in heats or semi-finals. Whenever
possible, the event or events must be re-seeded and
supplementary sheets must be issued detailing the
changes or substitutions, as prescribed in Part Two,
Article 3.1.2.
 3.2.5 SEMI-FINALS

For heats, semi-finals and finals, swimmers

shall report to the First Call Room at a time
determined by the event management. After
inspection, swimmers proceed to the final
call-room.
 3.3 SEMI-FINALS

In other competitions, the draw

system may be used for assigning
lane positions.
 3.4 SEMI-FINALS
In the World Aquatics Swimming
Championships (25m) and World Aquatics Junior
Swimming Championships, the 800m Freestyle
and the 1500m Freestyle may at the discretion of
the Bureau be conducted on a timed final basis
with the fastest heat only conducted during the
finals session.
 3.4 SEMI-FINALS
In distances of 50m, 100m and 200m, heats,
semi-finals and finals will be held. At the World
Aquatics Swimming Championships (25m) and
World Aquatics Junior Swimming Championships
events of 200m and above only heats and finals
will take place.
4. THE START
 4.1 THE START
The start in Freestyle, Breaststroke, Butterfly and Individual
Medley races shall be with a dive. On the long whistle (Part
Two, Article 2.1.5) from the referee the swimmers shall step
onto the starting platform and remain there. On the
starter's command "take your marks", they shall
immediately take up a starting position with at least one
foot at the front of the starting platforms. The position of
the hands is not relevant. When all swimmers are
stationary, the Starter shall give the starting signal.
 4.2 THE START
The start in Backstroke and Medley Relay races shall be
from the water. At the referee's first long whistle (Part Two,
Article 2.1.5), the swimmers shall immediately enter the
water. At the referee's second long whistle the swimmers
shall return without undue delay to the starting position
(Part Two, Article 6.1). When all swimmers have assumed
their starting positions, the starter shall give the command
"take your marks". When all swimmers are stationary, the
starter shall give the starting signal.
 4.3 THE START
In Olympic Games, World Aquatics
Championships and other World Aquatics events
the command "Take your marks" shall be in
English and the start shall be by multiple
loudspeakers, mounted one at each starting
platform.
 4.4 THE START
Any swimmer initiating a start before the signal may be
disqualified. If the starting signal sounds before the
disqualification is declared, the race shall continue and the
swimmer or swimmers shall be disqualified upon
completion of the race. If the disqualification is declared
before the starting signal, the signal shall not be given, but
the remaining swimmers shall be called back and start
again. The referee repeats the starting procedure beginning
with the long whistle (the second one for Backstroke) as per
Part Two, Article 2.1.5.
5. FREESTYLE
 5.1 FREESTYLE
Freestyle means that in an event so
designated the swimmer may swim any
style, except that in individual medley or
medley relay events, freestyle means any
style other than backstroke, breaststroke or
butterfly.
 5.2 FREESTYLE

Some part of the swimmer must

touch the wall upon completion of
each length and at the finish.
 5.3 FREESTYLE
Some part of the swimmer must break the
surface of the water throughout the race, except
it shall be permissible for the swimmer to be
completely submerged during the turn and for a
distance of not more than 15 metres after the
start and each turn. By that point, the head must
have broken the surface.
6. BACK STROKE
 6.1 BACKSTROKE
Prior to the starting signal, the swimmers shall line
up in the water facing the starting end, with both
hands holding the starting grips. Standing in or on the
gutter or bending the toes over the lip of the gutter is
prohibited. When using a backstroke ledge at the
start, at least one toe of each foot must be in contact
with the end wall or face of the touchpad. Bending
the toes over the top of the touchpad is prohibited
 6.2 BACKSTROKE
At the signal for starting and after turning the
swimmer shall push off and swim upon their
back throughout the race except when executing
a turn as set forth in Part Two, Article 6.4. The
normal position on the back can include a roll
movement of the body up to, but not including
90 degrees from horizontal. The position of the
head is not relevant.
 6.3 BACKSTROKE
Some part of the swimmer must break the surface of the
water throughout the race, except that once some part of
the head of the swimmer has passed the 5 metres mark
immediately prior to reaching for the finish, the swimmer
may be completely submerged. It is also permissible for the
swimmer to be completely submerged during the turn, and
for a distance of not more than 15 metres after the start
and each turn. By that point the head must have broken the
surface.
 6.4 BACKSTROKE
When executing the turn there must be a touch of
the wall with some part of the swimmer’s body.
During the turn the shoulders may be turned over the
vertical to the breast after which an immediate
continuous single arm pull or immediate continuous
simultaneous double arm pull may be used to initiate
the turn. The swimmer must have returned to the
position on the back upon leaving the wall.
 6.5 BACKSTROKE

Upon the finish of the race the

swimmer must touch the wall while
on the back.
7. BREASTSTROKE
 7.1 BREASTSTROKE
After the start and after each turn, the swimmer may
take one arm stroke completely back to the legs
during which the swimmer may be submerged. At any
time prior to the first Breaststroke kick after the start
and after each turn a single butterfly kick is
permitted. The head must break the surface of the
water before the hands turn inward at the widest
part of the second stroke.
 7.2 BREASTSTROKE
From the beginning of the first arm stroke after the start
and after each turn, the body shall be on the breast. It is
not permitted to roll onto the back at any time except at
the turn after the touch of the wall where it is permissible
to turn in any manner as long as the body is on the breast
when leaving the wall. From the start and throughout the
race the stroke cycle must be one arm stroke and one leg
kick in that order. All movements of the arms shall be
simultaneous without alternating movement.
 7.3 BREASTSTROKE
The hands shall be pushed forward together from the
breast on, under, or over the water. The elbows shall
be under water except for the final stroke before the
turn, during the turn and for the final stroke at the
finish. The hands shall be brought back on or under
the surface of the water. The hands shall not be
brought back beyond the hip line, except during the
first stroke after the start and each turn
 7.4 BREASTSTROKE

During each complete cycle, some part of

the swimmer’s head must break the surface
of the water. All movements of the legs shall
be simultaneous without alternating
movement.
 7.5 BREASTSTROKE
The feet must be turned outwards during
the propulsive part of the kick. Alternating
movements or downward butterfly kicks are
not permitted except as in Part Two, Article
7.1. Breaking the surface of the water with
the feet is allowed unless followed by a
downward butterfly kick.
 7.6 BREASTSTROKE
At each turn and at the finish of the race, the touch
shall be made with both hands separated* and
simultaneously at, above, or below the water level.
At the last stroke before the turn and at the finish an
arm stroke not followed by a leg kick is permitted.
The head may be submerged after the last arm pull
prior to the touch, provided it breaks the surface of
the water at some point during the last complete or
incomplete cycle preceding the touch
8. BUTTERFLY
 8.1 BUTTERFLY
From the beginning of the first arm stroke after
the start and each turn, the body shall be kept
on the breast. It is not permitted to roll onto the
back at any time, except at the turn after the
touch of the wall where it is permissible to turn
in any manner as long as the body is on the
breast when leaving the wall.
 8.2 BUTTERFLY

Both arms shall be brought forward

simultaneously over the water and brought
backward simultaneously under the water
through-out the race, subject to Part Two, Article
8.5.
 8.3 BUTTERFLY

All up and down movements of the legs must be

simultaneous. The legs or the feet need not be
on the same level, but they shall not alternate in
relation to each other. A breaststroke kicking
movement is not permitted.
 8.4 BUTTERFLY

At each turn and at the finish of the race, the

touch shall be made with both hands
separated** and simultaneously, at, above or
below the water surface
 8.5 BUTTERFLY
At the start and at turns, a swimmer is permitted one
or more leg kicks and one arm pull under the water,
which must bring him to the surface. It shall be
permissible for a swimmer to be completely
submerged for a distance of not more than 15 metres
after the start and after each turn. By that point, the
head must have broken the surface. The swimmer
must remain on the surface until the next turn or
finish.
 9. MEDLEY
SWIMMING
 9.1 MEDLEY SWIMMING
In individual medley events, the swimmer
covers the four swimming strokes in the
following order: Butterfly, Backstroke,
Breaststroke and Freestyle. Each of the
strokes must cover one quarter (1/4) of the
distance.
 9.2 MEDLEY SWIMMING
In Freestyle the swimmer must be on the breast
except when executing a turn. The swimmer must
return to the breast before any kick or stroke. Leaving
the wall on the back during the freestyle portion is
permissible but no kicking action is permitted until
the swimmer has returned past the vertical to the
breast at which point kicking, including a butterfly
kick(s), may commence.
 9.3 MEDLEY SWIMMING
In Medley relay events, swimmers will
cover the four swimming strokes in the
following order: Backstroke, Breaststroke,
Butterfly and Freestyle. Each of the strokes
must cover one quarter (1/4) of the
distance.
 9.4
MEDLEY SWIMMING

Each section must be finished in

accordance with the rule which
applies to the stroke concerned.
10. THE RACE
10.1-2 THE RACE
All individual races must be held as separate
gender events.
A swimmer swimming over the course alone
shall cover the whole distance to qualify. A
swimmer who does not complete the whole
distance in accordance with the relevant World
Aquatics rules shall be disqualified.
10.3-4 THE RACE
On the pool deck, after respecting the
presentation protocol outlined in Part Two,
Article 1.5, the competitors must immediately
remove all clothing except for swimwear.
The swimmer must remain and finish the race
in the same lane in which he/she started.
 10.5 THE RACE
In all events, a swimmer when turning
shall make physical contact with the
end of the pool or course. The turn
must be made from the wall, and it is
not permitted to take a stride or step
from the bottom of the pool.
 10.6 THE RACE
Standing on the bottom during
freestyle events or during the
freestyle portion of medley events
shall not disqualify a swimmer, but
shall not walk.
10.7-8 THE RACE
Pulling on the lane rope is not allowed.
Obstructing another swimmer by swimming
across another lane or otherwise interfering
shall disqualify the offender. Should the foul be
intentional, the referee shall report the matter
to the Member promoting the race, and to the
Member of the swimmer so offending.
 10.9 THE RACE

Any swimmer not entered in a race, who

enters the water in which an event is being
conducted before all swimmers therein have
completed the race, shall be disqualified
from their next scheduled race in the meet.
10.10 THE RACE
There shall be four swimmers on each relay
team. Mixed relays may be swum. Mixed
Relays must consist of two (2) Men and two
(2) Women. Split times achieved in these
events cannot be used for records and/or
entry purposes
10.11-12 THE RACE
Relay exchanges must commence from the
starting platform. Running starts from the
pool deck are not permitted.
In relay events, the team of a swimmer
whose feet lose touch with the starting
platform before the preceding team-mate
touches the wall shall be disqualified.
10.13 THE RACE
Any relay team shall be disqualified from a
race if a team member, other than the
swimmer designated to swim that length,
enters the water when the race is being
conducted, before all swimmers of all teams
have finished the race.
 10.14 THE RACE
The members of a relay team and their order of competing
must be nominated before the race. Any relay team
member may compete in a race only once. The composition
of a relay team may be changed between the heats and
finals of an event, provided that it is made up from the list
of swimmers properly entered by a member for that event.
Failure to swim in the order listed will result in
disqualification. Substitutions may be made only in the case
of a documented medical emergency.
 10.15 THE RACE
Any swimmer having finished their race, or their
distance in a relay event, must leave the pool as
soon as possible without obstructing any other
swimmer who has not yet finished their race.
Otherwise, the swimmer committing the fault,
or their relay team, shall be disqualified.
10.16 THE RACE
Should a foul endanger the chance of
success of a swimmer, the referee shall have
the power to allow him to compete in the
next heat or, should the foul occur in a final
event or in the last heat, he/she may order it
to be reswum.
10.17 THE RACE

No pace-making shall be

permitted, nor may any device be
used or plan adopted which has
that effect.
11. TIMING
 11.1 TIMING
The operation of Automatic Officiating Equipment shall be under the
supervision of appointed officials. Times recorded by Automatic
Equipment shall be used to determine the winner, all placing and the
time applicable to each lane. The placing and times so determined shall
have precedence over the decisions of timekeepers. In the event that a
break-down of the Automatic Equipment occurs or that it is clearly
indicated that there has been a failure of the Equipment, or that a
swimmer has failed to activate the Equipment, the recordings of the
timekeepers shall be official (See Part Two, Article 13.3). In the event
that there is failure of all timing devices in a lane then the swimmer
may be offered a reswim.
 11.2 TIMING
When Automatic Officiating Equipment is used,
the results shall be recorded only to 1/100 of a
second. In the event of equal times, all
swimmers who have recorded the same time at
1/100 of a second shall be accorded the same
placing. Times displayed on the electronic
scoreboard should show 1/100 of a second.
 11. TIMING
Any timing device that is terminated by an official
shall be considered a watch. Such manual times must
be taken by three timekeepers appointed or
approved by the Member in the country concerned.
All watches shall be certified as accurate to the
satisfaction of the governing body concerned. Manual
timing shall be registered to 1/100 of a second.
Where no Automatic Equipment is used, official
manual times shall be determined as follows:
 11.4 TIMING

If two (2) of the three (3) watches

record the same time and the third
disagrees, the two identical times
shall be the official time.
11.5 TIMING
If all three (3) watches
disagree, the watch recording
the intermediate time shall be
the official time.
 11.6 TIMING
With only two (2) out of three (3) watches
working the average time shall be the
official time. When this calculation results
in a value that is expressed in thousandths
of a second, the final digit shall be
dropped without rounding.
 11.7 TIMING
Should a swimmer be disqualified
during or following an event, such
disqualification should be recorded in
the official results, but no time or place
shall be recorded or announced.
11.8-9 TIMING
n the case of a relay disqualification, legal
splits up to the time of the disqualification
shall be recorded in the official results.
 All 50 metre and 100 metre splits shall be
recorded for lead-off swimmers during
relays and published in the official results.
12. WORLD
RECORDS
 12.1 WORLD RECORDS
For World Records and World Junior Records in 50 metre
courses, the following distances and styles for both sexes
shall be recognised:
 12.2 WORLD RECORDS
For World Records and World Junior Records in 25 metre
courses, the following distances and styles for both sexes
shall be recognised
12.3-4 WORLD RECORDS
The age groups for World Junior
Records are the same as for the World
Aquatics Junior Swimming
Championships.
 Members of relay teams must be of
the same nationality.
 12.5 WORLD RECORDS
All records must be made in scratch competition or an
individual race against time, held in public and announced
publicly by advertisement at least three days before the
attempt is to be made. In the event of an individual race
against time being sanctioned by a Member Federation, as
a time trial during a competition, then an advertisement at
least three (3) days before the attempt is to be made shall
not be necessary
12.6 WORLD RECORDS
The length of each lane of the course must
be certified by a surveyor or other qualified
official appointed or approved by the
Member Federation in the country in which
it is situated.
12.7 WORLD RECORDS
Where a moveable bulkhead is used,
course measurement of the lane must
be confirmed at the conclusion of the
session during which the time was
achieved.
12.8 WORLD RECORDS
World Records and World Junior Records will be
accepted only when times are recorded by
Automatic Officiating Equipment, or Semi-
Automatic Officiating Equipment in the case of
Automatic Officiating Equipment system
malfunction.
12.9 WORLD RECORDS

World Records and World Junior Records

can be established only by swimmers
wearing World Aquatics approved swimwear
(see Part Two, Article 15).
12.10 WORLD RECORDS
Times which are equal to 1/100 of a second will be
recognised as equal records and swimmers achieving
these equal times will be called «Joint Holders». Only
the time of the winner of a race may be submitted for
a World Record – except for World Juniors Records. In
the event of a tie in a record-setting race, each
swimmer who tied shall be considered a winner.
12.11 WORLD RECORDS
Worlds Records and World Junior
Records can be established only in
water with less than 3 gr/litre of salt.
No World Records will be recognized in
any kind of sea or ocean water
12.12 WORLD RECORDS
The first swimmer in a relay, except in mixed relays, may
apply for a World Record or a World Junior Record. Should
the first swimmer in a relay team complete his/her distance
in record time in accordance with the provisions of this
subsection, his/her performance shall not be nullified by
any subsequent disqualification of his/her relay team for
violations occurring after his/her distance has been
completed.
12.13 WORLD RECORDS
A swimmer in an individual event may apply for a World
Record or a World Junior Records at an intermediate
distance if he/she or his/her coach or manager specifically
requests the referee that their performance be especially
timed or if the time at the intermediate distance is
recorded by Automatic Officiating Equipment. Such
swimmer must complete the scheduled distance of the
event to apply for a record at the intermediate distance.
 12.14 WORLD RECORDS
Applications for World Records and World Junior Records must be
made on the World Aquatics official form by the responsible
authority of the organizing or management committee of the
competition and signed by an authorized representative of the
Member Federation in the country of the swimmer, certifying that
all regulations have been observed including certification of the
pool measurement and that the athlete was subject to an
antidoping test immediately after the race, or at the latest, within
24 hours of the conclusion of the Event, and such test returned a
negative finding.
12.15 WORLD RECORDS
A claim of a World Record or a World Junior
Record performance shall be provisionally
reported by e-mail to the Executive Director
of World Aquatics within seven (7) days of
the performance.
12.16 WORLD RECORDS
The Member Federation in the country of the
swimmer should report this performance by
letter to the Executive Director of World
Aquatics for information and action, if necessary,
to assure that the official application has been
properly submitted by the appropriate authority.
12.17 WORLD RECORDS
On receipt of the official application, and upon satisfaction
that the information contained in the application, including
a certification of the pool measurement and a negative
doping control test certificate, is accurate, the Executive
Director of World Aquatics shall declare the new World
Record or World Junior Record, see that such information is
published, and see that certificates are provided to those
persons whose applications have been accepted.
12.18 WORLD RECORDS
All records made during the Olympic
Games, World Aquatics Championships,
World Aquatics Junior Swimming
Championships and Swimming World
Cups shall be automatically approved.
12.19 WORLD RECORDS
If the procedure of Part Two, Article 12.14 has
not been followed, the Member Federation in
the country of a swimmer can apply for a World
Record or a World Junior Record in default
thereof. After due investigation, the Executive
Director of World Aquatics is authorised to
accept such record if the claim is found to be
correct.
12.20 WORLD RECORDS
If the application for a World Record or a World Junior Record
is accepted by World Aquatics, a diploma, signed by the
President of World Aquatics shall be forwarded by the
Executive Director to the Member Federation in the country of
the swimmer for presentation to the swimmer in recognition of
the performance. A fifth World Record diploma will be issued
to all Member Federations whose relay teams establish a
World Record or a World Junior Record. This diploma is to be
retained by the Member Federation.
12.21 WORLD RECORDS
From time to time, World Aquatics may add new
events for which swimmers may establish World
Records or World Junior Records. For each such
event, World Aquatics will establish Target Times; if a
swimmer achieves a time that is better than the
Target Time, it shall be considered a World Record or
World Junior Record, as long as all requirements in
Part Two, Article 12 are met.
13. AUTOMATIC
OFFICIATING
PROCEDURE
 13.1 AUTOMATIC OFFICIATING PROCEDURE
When Automatic Officiating Equipment (See
Part Two, Article 16.3 - Automatic Officiating
Equipment for Swimming) is used in any
competition, the placing and times so
determined and relay take-offs judged by such
equipment shall have precedence over the
timekeepers and Inspectors of Turns.
 13.1 AUTOMATIC OFFICIATING PROCEDURE
When Automatic Officiating Equipment (See
Part Two, Article 16.3 - Automatic Officiating
Equipment for Swimming) is used in any
competition, the placing and times so
determined and relay take-offs judged by such
equipment shall have precedence over the
timekeepers and Inspectors of Turns.
 13.2 AUTOMATIC OFFICIATING PROCEDURE

When the Automatic Officiating Equipment

fails to record the place and/or time of one or
more swimmers in a given race:
13.2.1. Record all available Automatic
Officiating Equipment times and places.
13.2.2 Record all human times and places.
 13.2 AUTOMATIC OFFICIATING PROCEDURE

The official place will be determined as follows:

13.2.3.1. A swimmer with an Automatic
Officiating Equipment time and place must retain
their relative order when compared with the
other swimmers having an Automatic Officiating
Equipment time and place within that race.
 13.2 AUTOMATIC OFFICIATING PROCEDURE

The official place will be determined as follows:

13.2.3.2. A swimmer not having an Automatic
Officiating Equipment place but having an Automatic
Officiating Equipment time will establish their relative
order by comparing their Automatic Officiating
Equipment time with the Automatic Officiating
Equipment times of the other swimmers.
 13.2 AUTOMATIC OFFICIATING PROCEDURE

The official place will be determined as follows:

13.2.3.3 A swimmer having neither an Automatic
Officiating Equipment place nor an Automatic
Officiating Equipment time shall establish their
relative order by the time recorded by the Semi-
Automatic Officiating Equipment or by watches.
 13.3 AUTOMATIC OFFICIATING PROCEDURE
The official time will be determined as follows:
13.3.1 The official time for all swimmers having an
Automatic Officiating Equipment time will be that
time.
13.3.2 The official time for all swimmers not having an
Automatic Officiating Equipment time will be the times
recorded by Semi-Automatic Officiating Equipment or
watches.
 13.4 AUTOMATIC OFFICIATING PROCEDURE
To determine the relative order of finish for the combined
heats of an event, proceed as follows:
13.4.1 The relative order of all swimmers will be
established by comparing their official times.
13.4.2 If a swimmer has an official time which is tied with
the official time(s) of one or more swimmers, all swimmers
having that time shall be tied in their relative order of finish
in that event.
14. AGE GROUP
RULES-
SWIMMING
14.1

WORLD AQUATICS JUNIOR

CHAMPIONSHIPS
14.1. AGE GROUP RULES-SWIMMING

Age groups shall be between 14-18

years, as of 31st December in the
year of competition, for both Boys
and Girls
 14.2 AGE GROUP RULES-SWIMMING
The minimum age for swimmers competing in the Olympic
Games, World Aquatics Championships and World Aquatics
Swimming Championships (25m) shall be the same as the
minimum age for the World Aquatics Junior Swimming
Championships: Girls and Boys, at least 14 years of age, on
31st December in the year of competition. Younger
competitors may participate in these competitions if they
have achieved at least the “B” Standard Entry Time in the
respective event.
14.3 AGE GROUP RULES-SWIMMING

Federations may adopt their

own Age Group rules, using
World Aquatics Competition
Regulations.
 15. SWIMWEAR
AND WEARABLES
15.1 SWIMWAER AND WEARABLES

Federations may adopt their

own Age Group rules, using
World Aquatics Competition
Regulations.
 15.2 SWIMWAER AND WEARABLES

For swimming competitions, swimsuits for

men shall not extend above the navel nor
below the knee. For women, the swimsuit
shall not cover the neck, nor extend past the
shoulder, nor below knee. The swimsuits
shall be made from textile materials.
 15.3 SWIMWAER AND WEARABLES

No swimmer shall be permitted to use or wear any

device or swimsuit that may aid his/her speed,
buoyancy or endurance during a competition (such as
webbed gloves, flippers, fins, power bands, or
adhesive substances, etc.). The use of technology and
automated data collection devices is permissible for
the sole purpose of collecting data.
 15.3 SWIMWAER AND WEARABLES

Automated devices shall not be utilised to transmit

data, sounds, or signals to the swimmer and may not
be used to aid their speed. Goggles may be worn. As
a consequence of injury, it is permissible to tape not
more than one or two fingers or toes. Any other kind
of tape on the body is not permitted unless approved
by the Referee or other designated person
 15.4 SWIMWAER AND WEARABLES
A World Record (including Junior World Record
and Masters World Record) will only be recognised
by World Aquatics if approved swimwear has been
used.
World Aquatics may request the Athlete to submit
her/his swimsuit worn during the World Record for
conducting further analysis in its laboratory
16. SWIMMING
FACILITIES AND
EQUIPMENTS
16.1

SWIMMING
FACILITIES
16.1.1

LENGTH
16.1.1.1 LENGTH-50.000 METERS
When touch panels of Automatic Officiating
Equipment are used on the starting end, or
additionally on the turning end, the pool
must be of such length that ensures the
required distance of 25.000 metres between
the two panels.
16.1.1.2 LENGTH-250.000 METERS
When touch panels of Automatic Officiating
Equipment are used on the starting end, or
additionally on the turning end, the pool
must be of such length that ensures the
required distance of 50.000 metres between
the two panels
16.1.2

DIMENSIONAL
TOLERANCES
16.1.2.1 50 M SWIMMING POOLS

The admissible tolerance in 50.000 m

swimming pools will be: +0.010, and -
0.000 metre when touch panels are
installed.
16.1.2.1 50 M SWIMMING POOLS
Tolerances will be measured as follows:
For swimming pools with touch panels of
Automatic Officiating Equipment on both
ends the Wall to Wall distance shall be:
Minimum 50.020 metre / Maximum 50.030
metre.
16.1.2.2 250 M SWIMMING POOLS

The admissible tolerance in 25.000

m swimming pools will be +0.010,
and -0.000 metre when touch
panels are installed.
16.1.2.2 250 M SWIMMING POOLS
Tolerances will be measured as follows:
For swimming pools with touch panels of
Automatic Officiating Equipment on both ends
the Wall to Wall distance shall be:
16.1.2.2 250 M SWIMMING POOLS
For swimming pools with a touch panel of
Automatic Officiating Equipment on one end
the Wall to Wall distance shall be:
16.1.2.2 250 M SWIMMING POOLS
Tolerances have to be consistent 0.300 metre
above to 0.800 metre below the water
surface.
These measurements should be certified by a
surveyor or other qualified official, appointed
or approved by the Member in the country in
which the pool is situated.
16.1.3

WIDTH
 16.1.3
WIDTH
There is no minimum width
requirement. However, the width of
the pool has to comply with the
provision in Part Two, Article 16.1.6 -
Lanes.
16.1.4

DEPTH
 16.1.4
DEPTH
A minimum depth of 1.35 metres,
extending from 1.0 metre to at least 6.0
metres from the end wall is required
for pools with starting blocks. A
minimum depth of 1.0 metre is
required elsewhere.
16.1.5

WALLS
16.1.5.1
WALLS
End walls shall be vertical, parallel and form 90-
degree right angles to the swimming course and to
the surface of the water. They shall be constructed of
solid material, with a slip-resistant surface extending
0.8 metre below the water surface, so as to enable
the competitor to touch and push off in turning
without hazard. The admissible tolerance in walls
verticality will be ±0.3 degrees.
16.1.5.2
WALLS
Rest ledges along the pool walls are
permitted; they must be not less than 1.2
metres below the water surface, and may be
0.1 metre to 0.15 metre wide. Both internal
and external ledges are acceptable, however
internal ledges are preferred.
16.1.5.3
WALLS
Gutters may be placed on all four walls of the
pool. If end wall gutters are installed, they must
allow for attachment of touch panels to the
required 0.3 metre above the water surface.
They must be covered with a suitable grill or
screen.
16.1.6

LANE
 16.1.6
LANE
There is no minimum number of lanes.
Lanes shall be at least 2.5 metres wide,
first and last lane may be 2.4 metres
wide with 2 spaces of at least 0.1
metres wide outside of the first and the
last lanes
16.1.7

LANE ROPES
16.1.7.1
LANE ROPES
The main function of a lane rope is not only to
separate swimming lanes, but to reduce the pool
waves. A lane rope should have the properties to
reduce the waves going through to the other
side of rope or bouncing back into the swimming
lane.
16.1.7.1
LANE ROPES
Lane ropes shall extend the full length
of the course and components not
contributing to its wave reduction
function, such as tension spring and
take‐up reel, shall measure less than
200mm each end of rope.
16.1.7.1
LANE ROPES
Lane rope should be secured at each end wall to anchor
brackets recessed into the end walls. If anchor placement is
on pool deck, an extender, firm and non‐elastic, should be
in place. The installed lane rope should stay in the pool
water. The anchor, including extender, shall not extend
more than 10mm into the pool. The anchor shall not
influence the length of the lane rope by more than ± 10mm
each end of rope.
16.1.7.1
LANE ROPES
The anchor shall be positioned so that the wave
reducing components at each end wall of the
pool shall be 50% below the surface of the
water. Anchors should be installed to withstand
20kN. Each lane rope will consist of wave
reducing components placed end‐to‐end having
a minimum diameter of 0,10 metre.
16.1.7.1
LANE ROPES
 The design of discs and floats should be so that the
floats, by themselves, do not influence the length of
the lane rope. A float should be an integral part in
between two discs. The lane rope length of the
course shall have a negative buoyancy in such a way
that at least one half to maximum two thirds of the
height of the wave reducing components should be
beneath the water surface.
16.1.7.1
LANE ROPES
The take‐up reel of the lane rope should require
a tool to lock tensioning into position and to
prevent non‐ authorized tampering. The lane
rope shall be equipped with a tension spring,
absorbing sudden high point loads and a wire
withstanding a tensile force of 12kN.
16.1.7.1
LANE ROPES
The take‐up reel of the lane rope should require
a tool to lock tensioning into position and to
prevent non‐ authorized tampering. The lane
rope shall be equipped with a tension spring,
absorbing sudden high point loads and a wire
withstanding a tensile force of 12kN.
16.1.7.1
LANE ROPES
In a swimming pool the colour of the lane
ropes should be as follows, although
variations in the colour scheme can be used:
• Two (2) GREEN ropes for lanes 1 and 8
• Four (4) BLUE ropes for lanes 2, 3, 6 and 7
• Three (3) YELLOW ropes for lanes 4 and 5
16.1.7.1
LANE ROPES
The floats extending for a distance of 5.0
metres from each end of the pool shall be of
RED colour.
There shall not be more than one lane rope
between each lane. The lane ropes shall be
firmly stretched and the tensions should be
1‐1,2kN
 16.1.7.2-4
LANE ROPES
At the 15‐metre mark from each end wall of the pool
the components shall be distinct in colour from the
surrounding components.
In 50 metre pools the components shall be distinct to
mark 25 metres.
Lane numbers of soft material may be placed on the
lane ropes at the start and turning end of the pool.
16.1.8

STARTING
PLATFORMS
 16.1.8
STARTING PALTFORMS
Starting Platforms shall be firm and give no
springing effect. The height of the platform
above the water surface shall be from 0.5 metre
to 0.75 metre. The surface area shall be at least
0.5 metre x 0.5 metre and covered with a slip-
resistant material.
 16.1.8
STARTING PALTFORMS
Maximum slope shall not be more than 10 degrees. The
starting platform may have an adjustable setting back plate.
The platform shall be constructed so as to permit the gripping
of the platform by the swimmer in the forward start at the
front and the sides; it is recommended that, if the thickness of
the starting platform exceeds 0.04 metre, grips of at least 0.1
metre width on each side and 0.4 metre width in the front be
cut out to 0.03 metre from the surface of the platform.
 16.1.8
STARTING PALTFORMS
Handgrips for the forward start may be installed on
the sides of the starting platforms. Handgrips for
backstroke starts shall be placed within 0.3 metre to
0.6 metre above the water surface both horizontally
and vertically. They shall be parallel to the surface of
the end wall and must not protrude beyond the end
wall.
 16.1.8
STARTING PALTFORMS
A minimum depth of 1.35 metres, extending
from 1.0 metre to at least 6.0 metres from the
end wall is required for pools with starting
blocks. Electronic read‐out boards may be
installed under the blocks. Flashing is not
allowed. Figures must not move during a
backstroke start.
16.1.9

NUMBERING
 16.1.9
NUMBERING
Each starting block must be distinctly numbered
on all four sides, clearly visible. It is
recommended that lane number 0 shall be on
the right-hand side when facing the course from
the starting end with exception of 50m events,
which may start from the opposite end. Touch
panels may be numbered on the top part
16.1.10

BACKSTROKE TURNS
INDICATORS
16.1.10 BACKSTROKE TURNS INDICATOR
Flagged ropes shall be suspended across the
pool, 1.8 metres above the water surface,
from fixed standards placed 5.0 metres from
each end wall. Distinctive marks must be
placed on both sides of the pool, and where
possible on each lane rope, 15.0 metres
from each end wall
16.1.10 BACKSTROKE TURNS INDICATOR
Flags must be fixed to the ropes having the
following dimensions: 0.20 metres on the rope
forming a triangle measuring 0.40 metres on the
sides. The distance between each flag must be
0.25 metres. If the flags are printed with or
support / carry any signage this must be
approved in advance by World Aquatics.
16.1.11

BACKSTROKE
LEDGE
16.1.11 BACKSTROKE LEDGE

Backstroke ledges conforming to

the specification set out below shall
be used in all World Aquatics
Championships and Competitions.
16.1.11 BACKSTROKE LEDGE
The ledge: (see diagram below)
• shall be adjustable to 4 cm above or 4 cm below
the water level and may not be used outside of
this range;
• is a minimum of 65 cm in length;
• must be 8 cm in height, 2 cm at the width with
10 degrees of slope.
16.1.11 BACKSTROKE LEDGE
16.1.12

FALSE START
ROPE
16.1.12 FALSE START ROPE
False Start Rope may be suspended across the
pool not less than 1.2 metres above the water
level from fixed standards placed 15.0 metres in
front of the starting end. It shall be attached to
the standards by a quick release mechanism. The
rope must effectively cover all lanes when
activated.
16.1.12 FALSE START ROPE
False Start Rope may be suspended across the
pool not less than 1.2 metres above the water
level from fixed standards placed 15.0 metres in
front of the starting end. It shall be attached to
the standards by a quick release mechanism. The
rope must effectively cover all lanes when
activated.
16.1.13

WATER
CONDITIONS
16.1.13.1 WATER TEMPERATURE

Water temperature
shall be 25° to 28°C
16.1.13.2 MOVEMENTS
During competition, the water in the pool must be at a
constant level, with no appreciable movement. In order to
keep the water level, preserve the transparency of water and
take into consideration the health regulations in force in
most countries, inflow and outflow has to be regulated as
follows:
• 220 to 250 m3/h for 50.00 m pools
• 150 to 180 m3/h for 33.33 m pools
• 120 to 150 m3/h for 25.00 m pools
16.1.13.3 SALINITY OF WATER

World Records and World Junior Records can be

established only in water with less than 3 gr/litre
of salt.
No World Records will be recognized in any kind
of sea or ocean water.
16.1.14 LIGHTING

Light intensity over starting

platforms and turning ends shall
not be less than 600 lux
16.1.15.1 LANE MARKINGS
Lane Markings shall be of a dark
contrasting colour, placed on the
floor of the pool in the centre of
each lane.
16.1.15.1 LANE MARKINGS
Each lane line shall end 2.0* metres from the
end wall of the pool with a distinctive cross
line 1.0 metre long and of the same width as
the lane line. The distance between the centre
points of each lane shall be 2.5 metres.
*Pool length tolerances must be considered.
16.1.15.1 LANE MARKINGS

Target lines shall be placed on the end

walls or on the touch panels, in the
centre of each lane, of the same width
as the lane lines.
16.1.15.1 LANE MARKINGS
They shall extend without interruption from
the deck edge (curb), to the floor of the pool
to a maximum of 3 metres. A cross line 0.5
metre long shall be placed 0.3 metre below
the water surface, measured to the centre
point of the cross line.
16.1.15.1 LANE MARKINGS
For 50m and 25m pools constructed after
1st January 2006, cross lines 0.5 metre long
shall be placed at the 15 metre mark from
each end of the pool. After October 2013
this shall be measured from the end wall to
the centre point of the cross line.
 16.1.16 BULKHEADS
When a bulkhead serves as an end wall, it must extend the full
width of the course and present a solid smooth, non-slippery
stable vertical surface on which touch pads may be mounted
extending not less than 0.8m below and 0.3m above the surface of
the water, and must be free of hazardous openings above or below
the waterline which may be penetrated by a swimmer’s hands,
feet, toes or fingers. A bulkhead must be of a design that provides
for the free movement of officials along its length without such
movement creating any appreciable current or water turbulence.
16.2

SWIMMING FACILITIES
FOR OLYMPIC GAMES
AND WOLD OF AQUATICS
 16.2.1 LENGTH
50.0 metres between the Automatic Officiating
Equipment touch panels, except for the World
Aquatics Swimming Championships (25m),
which shall be 25.0 metres between the
Automatic Officiating Equipment touch panels at
the starting end and the wall or touch panels at
the turning end.
16.2.2

DIMENSIONAL
TOLERANCES
 16.2.2.1 50 M-SWIMMING POOL
The admissible tolerance in 50.00 m swimming pools will
be +0.010, and -0.000 metre when touch panels are
installed. Tolerances will be measured as follows:
For swimming pools with touch panels of Automatic
Officiating Equipment on both ends the Wall-to-Wall distance
shall be:
-Minimum 50.020 metre / Maximum 50.030 metre.
Tolerances have to be consistent 0.300 metre above to 0.800
metre below the water surface.
 16.2.2.2 25 M-SWIMMING POOL
The admissible tolerance in 25.00 m swimming pools
will be +0.010, and -0.000 metre when touch panels
are installed. Tolerances will be measured as follows:
For swimming pools with touch panels of Automatic
Officiating Equipment on both ends the Wall to Wall
distance shall be:
-Minimum 25.020 metre / Maximum 25.030 metre.
 16.2.2.2 25 M-SWIMMING POOL
For swimming pools with a touch panel of
Automatic Officiating Equipment on one end the
Wall to Wall distance shall be:
-Minimum 25.010 metre / Maximum 25.020
metre.
Tolerances have to be consistent 0.300 metre
above to 0.800 metre below the water surface.
16.2.3

WIDTH
16.2.3.2 OLYMPIC GAMES

Permanent Swimming Pools: A

minimum of 25.00 metres
Temporary Swimming Pools: 26.00
metres.
16.2.3.1 WORLD AQUATIC CHAMPIONSHIPS

Permanent Swimming Pools: A

minimum of 25.00 metres
Temporary Swimming Pools: 26.00
metres.
16.2.4

DEPTH
 OLYMPIC GAMES AND WORLD AQUATICS CHAMPIONSHIPS (50M)
16.2.4.1

A minimum of 2.5 metres

 OLYMPIC GAMES AND WORLD AQUATICS CHAMPIONSHIPS (25M)
16.2.4.2

A minimum of 2.0
metres, 2.5 metres
preferred.
16.2.4.3

When the pool is used for multi-

sports (i.e., Artistic Swimming and
Swimming) at either the Olympic
Games or World Aquatics
Championships A minimum of 3
metres required.
16.2.5

WALLS
 16.2.5.1 WALLS
 End walls shall be vertical, parallel and form 90-
degree right angles to the swimming course and to
the surface of the water. They shall be constructed of
solid material, with a slip-resistant surface extending
0.8 metre below the water surface, so as to enable
the competitor to touch and push off in turning
without hazard. The admissible tolerance in walls
verticality will be ±0.3 degrees.
 16.2.5.2 WALLS
Rest ledges along the pool walls are permitted;
they must be not less than 1.2 metres below the
water surface, and may be 0.1 metre to 0.15
metre wide. Both internal and external ledges
are acceptable, however internal ledges are
preferred.
 16.2.5.3 WALLS
Gutters may be placed on all four walls of the
pool. If end wall gutters are installed, they must
allow for attachment of touch panels to the
required 0.3 metre above the water surface.
They must be covered with a suitable grill or
screen.
16.2.6

LANES
 16.2.6.1 NUMBER OF LANES
Eight (8) lanes for Olympic Games, although 9 or 10
lanes may be used with approval from the Chair of
the Technical Swimming Committee when faced with
unusual circumstances. [Example: a tie from
preliminaries for 8th place in the 1500-metre
freestyle]. Ten (10) lanes for World Aquatics
Championships.
16.2.6.2 OLYMPIC GAMES
Lanes shall be 2.5 metres wide with 2
spaces 2.5 metres wide outside of lanes
1 and 8. There must be a lane rope
separating these spaces from lanes 1
and 8.
16.2.6.3 WORLD AQUATICS CHAMPIONSHIPS
For permanent swimming pools, lanes from
1 to 8 shall be 2.5 metres wide and lanes 0
and 9 shall be 2.4 metres wide with 2 spaces
0.1 metres wide outside of lanes 0 and 9.
There must be a lane rope separating these
spaces from lanes 0 and 9 for World
Championships.
16.2.7

LANE ROPES
16.2.7.1 LANE ROPES
The main function of a lane rope is not only
to separate swimming lanes, but to reduce
the pool waves. A lane rope should have the
properties to reduce the waves going
through to the other side of rope or
bouncing back into the swimming lane.
 16.2.7.1 LANE ROPES
Lane ropes shall extend the full length of the
course, secured at each end wall to anchor
brackets recessed into the end walls. The anchor
shall be positioned so that the floats at each end
wall of the pool shall be on the surface of the
water. Each lane rope will consist of floats placed
end-to- end having a minimum diameter of 0.15
metre.
16.2.7.1 LANE ROPES

Lane rope should be secured at each end

wall to anchor brackets recessed into the
end walls. If anchor placement is on pool
deck, an extender, firm and non‐elastic,
should be in place.
16.2.7.1.1 LANE ROPES-OLYMPIC GAMES
In an eight (8) lane swimming pool the colour of
the lane ropes should be as follows, although
variations in the colour scheme can be used:
• Two (2) GREEN ropes for lanes 1 and 8
• Four (4) BLUE ropes for lanes 2, 3, 6 and 7
• Three (3) YELLOW ropes for lanes 4 and 5
16.2.7.1.1 LANE ROPES-OLYMPIC GAMES
16.2.7.1.2 LANE ROPES-WORLD AQUATICS
CHAMPIONSHIPS
In a ten (10) lane swimming pool the colour of
the lane ropes should be as follows, although
variations in the colour scheme can be used:
• Two (2) GREEN ropes for lanes 0 and 9
• Six (6) BLUE ropes for lanes 1, 2, 3, 6, 7 and 8
• Three (3) YELLOW ropes for lanes 4, 5
16.2.7.1.2 LANE ROPES-OLYMPIC GAMES
16.2.7.2 LANE ROPES
At the 15‐metre mark from each
end wall of the pool the
components shall be distinct in
colour from the surrounding
components.
16.2.7.3-5 LANE ROPES
in 50 metre pools the components shall be
distinct to mark 25 metres.
 Lane numbers of soft material may be
placed on the lane ropes at the start and
turning end of the pool.
Lane marking measurements, please read in
conjunction with pool diagrams
16.2.8 STARTING PLATFORMS
Starting Platforms shall be firm and give no
springing effect. The height of the platform
above the water surface shall be from 0.5
metre to 0.75 metre. The surface area shall
be at least 0.5 metre x 0.6 metre and
covered with a slip- resistant material.
16.2.9 NUMBERING
Each starting block must be distinctly numbered
on all four sides, clearly visible. It is
recommended that lane number 0 shall be on
the right-hand side when facing the course from
the starting end with exception of 50m events,
which may start from the opposite end. Touch
panels may be numbered on the top part.
16.2.10 BACKSTROKE TURN INDICATORS

Flagged ropes shall be suspended across the

pool, 1.8 metres above the water surface, from
fixed standards placed 5.0 metres from each end
wall. Distinctive marks must be placed on both
sides of the pool, and where possible on each
lane rope, 15.0 metres from each end wall.
16.2.11 BACKSTROKE LEDGE
A backstroke ledge may be used:
• The ledge may be adjustable to 4 cm above
or 4 cm below the water level.
• The ledge is a minimum of 65 cm in length.
• The ledge must be 8 cm in height, 2 cm at
the width with 10 degrees of slope.
16.2.11 BACKSTROKE LEDGE
16.2.12 FALSE START ROPE
False Start Rope may be suspended across
the pool not less than 1.2 metres above the
water level from fixed standards placed 15.0
metres in front of the starting end. It shall be
attached to the standards by a quick release
mechanism. The rope must effectively cover
all lanes when activated.
16.2.13

WATER
CONDITIONS
16.2.13.1 WATER TEMPERATURE

Water temperature Water

temperature shall be 25°C to
28°C.shall be 25°C to 28°C.
16.2.13.2 WATER MOVEMENT
During competition, the water in the pool must be at a
constant level, with no appreciable movement. In order to
keep the water level, preserve the transparency of water
and take into consideration the health regulations in force
in most countries, inflow and outflow has to be regulated
as follows:
• 220 to 250 m3/h for 50.00 m pools
• 150 to 180 m3/h for 33.33 m pools
• 120 to 150 m3/h for 25.00 m pools
16.2.13.2 WATER MOVEMENT
16.2.13.3 SALINITY OF WATER

World Records and World Junior Records

can be established only in water with less
than 3 gr/litre of salt. No World Records will
be recognized in any kind of sea or ocean
water.
16.2.14 LIGHTING

Light intensity over the whole

pool shall not be less than 1500
lux.
16.2.15 LANE MARKINGS
Lane Markings shall be of a dark contrasting
colour, placed on the floor of the pool in the
centre of each lane.
Width: minimum 0.2 metre, maximum 0.3
metre.
Length: 46.0 metres for 50 metre long pools;
21.0 metres for 25 metre long pools
16.2.16 BULKHEADS
When a bulkhead serves as an end wall, it must
extend the full width of the course and present a
solid smooth, non-slippery stable vertical surface on
which touch pads may be mounted extending not less
than 0.8m below and 0.3m above the surface of the
water, and must be free of hazardous openings above
or below the waterline which may be penetrated by a
swimmer’s hands, feet, toes or fingers.
16.2.17 MINIMUM DISTANCE SEPARATING THE POOL

If the swimming pool and the diving well

are in the same area the minimum distance
separating the pools shall be 5.0 metres. For
pools constructed from 1st January 2014 the
minimum distance separating the pool shall
be a minimum of 8 metres however 10
metres is preferred.
16.3

AUTOMATIC OFFICIATING
EQUIPMENT FOR
SWIMMING
 16.3.1 GENERAL DESCRIPTION

Automatic and Semi-Automatic Officiating

Equipment records the elapsed time of each swimmer
and determines the relative place in a race. Judging
and timing shall be to 2 decimal places (1/100 of a
second). Equipment that is installed shall not
interfere with the swimmers' starts, turns, or the
function of the overflow system.
 16.3.2 EQUIPMENT REQUIREMENTS
The Equipment must:
16.3.2.1 Be activated by the starter.
16.3.2.2 Have no exposed wires on the pool deck, if
possible.
16.3.2.3 Be able to display all recorded information for
each lane by place and by lane.
16.3.2.4 Provide easy digital reading of a swimmer's
time.
 16.3.3 STARTING DEVICES
16.3.3.1 The starter shall have a microphone for oral
commands.
16.3.3.2 If a pistol is used, it shall be used with a transducer.
16.3.3.3 Both the microphone and the transducer shall be
connected to loudspeakers at each starting block where both
the starter's commands and the starting signal can be heard
equally and simultaneously by each swimmer.
16.3.3.4 False start detection equipment must be installed.
16.3.4 TOUCH PANELS FOR AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENTS

16.3.4.1 The minimum measurement of

the touch panels shall be 2.4 metres
wide and 0.9 metre high, and the
thickness shall be 0.01m when the
contact is closed (and the time is
stopped)
 16.3.4 TOUCH PANELS FOR AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENTS

16.3.4.2 Installation - The touch panels

shall be installed in a fixed position in
the centre of the lanes. The panels may
be portable, allowing the pool operator
to remove them when there are no
competitors.
 16.3.4 TOUCH PANELS FOR AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENTS

16.3.4.3 Sensitivity - The sensitivity of the

panels shall be such that they cannot be
activated by water turbulence, but will be
activated by a light hand touch. The panels
shall be sensitive on the top edge.
 16.3.4 TOUCH PANELS FOR AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENTS

16.3.4.4 Markings - The markings on the

panels shall conform with and
superimpose on the existing markings of
the pool. The perimeter and edges of
the panels shall be defined by a 0.025
metre black border.
16.3.4 TOUCH PANELS FOR AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENTS

16.3.4.5 Safety - The panels shall

be safe from the possibility of
electrical shock and shall not
have sharp edges
 16.3.5 SEMI-AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENTS

16.3.5.1 Semi-Automatic Equipment may be used

as a backup to the Automatic Officiating
Equipment at World Aquatics or other major
events if there are three buttons per lane, each
operated by a separate official (in which case
other finish judges shall not be required). An
inspector of turns may operate one of the
buttons.
 16.3.5 AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENTS-ESSENTIAL ACCESORIES

The following accessories are essential for a

minimum installation of Automatic
Equipment:
16.3.6.1 Printout of all information, which
can be regenerated during a succeeding race.
16.3.6.2 Spectator readout board.
 16.3.6 AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENTS-ESSENTIAL ACCESORIES

16.3.6.3 Relay take-off judging to 1/100 of a

second. Where overhead video cameras are
installed they may be reviewed as a supplement
to the automatic system’s judgement of relay
take-off. For the differential in the relays take-off
the manufacturer of the device shall be
consulted.
16.3.6 AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENTS-ESSENTIAL ACCESORIES

16.3.6.4 Automatic lap counter.

16.3.6.5 Readout of splits.
16.3.6.6 Computer summaries.
16.3.6.7 Correction of erroneous touch.
16.3.6.8 Automatic rechargeable battery
operation possibility.
 AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT – ACCESSORIES FOR OLYMPIC
16.3.7 GAMES AND WORLD AQUATICS CHAMPIONSHIPS

For Olympic Games and World Aquatics Championships the

following accessories are also essential:
16.3.7.1 The spectator electronic read-out board shall contain at
least twelve (12) lines of thirty-two (32) characters, each capable of
displaying both letters and numbers. Each character shall have a
minimum height of 360 mm. Each line – matrix scoreboard shall be
able to scroll up or down, with blink function, and each full matrix
scoreboard shall be programmable, and capable of showing
animation. The board must have a minimum size of 7.5 m width by
4.5m height.
 AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT – ACCESSORIES FOR OLYMPIC
16.3.7 GAMES AND WORLD AQUATICS CHAMPIONSHIPS

16.3.7.2 There shall be an air-conditioned control

room, with dimensions of a least 6.0 metres x 3.0
metres, located between 3.0 metres and 5.0 metres
from the finish wall, with an unobstructed view of the
finish wall at all times during the race. The referee
must have easy access to the control centre during the
competition. At all other times the control room shall
be able to be secured.
 AUTOMATIC EQUIPMENT – ACCESSORIES FOR OLYMPIC
16.3.7 GAMES AND WORLD AQUATICS CHAMPIONSHIPS

16.3.7.3 Video judging and

timing.
16.3.8 TIMING ROOM

Timekeepers shall have a clear view on the

finish pool side from the Timing room.
Sponsor panels or LED wall shall be installed
at a minimum of 2m distance from the finish
wall Timing room side. The panels or LED wall
shall not exceed the length of 46m
16.3.8 TIMING ROOM
 16.3.9 VIDEO JUDGING EQUIPMENT

At Olympic Games and World Championships approved

Automatic Officiating Equipment, including Video
Judging Equipment shall be provided and used. The
approved Video Judging Equipment shall be used to
initiate stroke infraction calls, confirm stroke infraction
calls or assist the Referee to overturn calls made on the
pool deck.
 SWIMMING RULE
QUICK REFERENCE
INFRACTION SHEET
2023-2025
 This card is a quick
reference guide to help
Starters, Judges of
Strokes and Inspectors
of Turns to write up rule
infractions. It does not
cover all rule infractions
as it must be used as a
substitute for the
thorough knowledge of
World Aquatic Rules
THE START
SW 4.4
IN

Initiating a start
before signal
FREESTYLE
SW 5.2
IN

Did not touch the

wall at the turn or
finish.
SW 5.3
IN

Head did not break the surface of

the water at or before the 15m
mark following the start or turn.
SW 5.3
IN

Complete submerged
during stroke
BACKSTROKE
SW 6.2
IN

Left position on the

back except when
executing a turn.
SW 6.3
IN

Head did not break the surface of

the water at or before the 15m
mark following the start or turn.
SW 6.3
IN

Complete
submerged during
stroke
SW 6.4
IN

Did not start executing the

turn immediately after
turning onto the breast.
SW 6.4
IN

Turn not initiated at completion

of the arm pull after leaving
position on the back.
SW 6.4
IN

Did not touch the

wall during the
turn.
SW 6.4
IN

Not on the back

upon leaving the
wall after the turn.
SW 6.5
IN

Did not finish the

race while on the
back.
BREASTSTROKE
SW 7.1
IN

More than one butterfly

kick prior to first
breaststroke kick after the
start or turn.
SW 7.1
IN

Head did not break the surface

before the hands turned inward
at the widest part of the second
stroke after the start or turn.
SW 7.2
IN

Body not on the breast

during stroke.
SW 7.2
IN

Stroke cycle not 1 arm

stroke to 1 leg kick in
the order.
SW 7.2
IN

Arm movements not

simultaneous.
SW 7.3
IN

Hands not pushed

forward together from
the breast.
SW 7.3
IN

Elbows not under the

water during the
stroke.
SW 7.3
IN

Hands brought back

beyond the hipline
during stroke.
SW 7.4
IN

Head did not break

the surface during
each stroke cycle.
SW 7.4
IN

Leg movements not

simultaneous.
SW 7.5
IN

Feet not turned out

during propulsive
part of the kick.
SW 7.5
IN

Execute a downward
butterfly kick
during the stroke.
SW 7.6
IN

Did not touch at the turn or

finish with both hands;
separated; simultaneously
BUTTERFLY
SW 8.1
IN

Body not on the breast

during stroke.
SW 8.2
IN

Arms not brought

forward simultaneously
over the water.
SW 8.2
IN

Arms not brought

backward simultaneously
under the water.
SW 8.3
IN

Alternating movement
legs or feet.
SW 8.3
IN

Breaststroke kicking
movement
SW 8.4
IN

Did not touch at the turn or

finish with both hands;
separated simultaneously.
SW 8.5
IN

More than one arm pull

under water following the
start or turn.
SW 8.5
IN

Head did not break the

surface of the water at or
before the 15m mark
following the start or turn.
SW 8.5
IN

Completely submerged
during the stroke.
MEDLEY
SW 5.1
IN

Backstroke, breaststroke or
butterfly swum in the
freestyle section.
SW 9.1
IN

Incorrect individual
medley stroke order.
SW 9.1 or 9.2
IN

In the freestyle section, did

not return to the breast
before any kick or stroke.
SW 9.3
IN

In correct medley
relay stroke order
SW 9.4
IN

Finish of section not in

accordance with rule of the
stroke concerned (complete
with stroke infraction above)
THE RACE
SW 10.2
IN

Did not complete the

whole distance.
SW 10.4
IN

Did not remain in the

same lane in which
they started
SW 10.5
IN

When turning did not

make contact with the
end of the pool.
SW 10.5
IN

Took a stride or step

from the bottom of the
pool.
SW 10.6
IN

Stood on the bottom

of the pool (except in
freestyle)
SW 10.7
IN

Pulled on the lane

rope.
SW 10.8 or 10.16
IN

Obstructing
another swimmer
SW 10.9
IN

Use of non-approved
device, swimsuit, adhesive
substance or body tape.
SW 10.10
IN

Entered the water

during a race not
entered in
SW 10.12
IN

Relay exchange did

not commence from
the starting platform.
SW 10.13
IN

Feet lost touch with the

starting platform before the
preceding team-mate touched
the wall
SW 10.14
IN

Relay team member re-

entered the water before a;;
teams finished the team race
SW 10.15
IN

Relay team did not

swim in order
listed
SW 10.16
IN

Failed to leave the pool as

soon as possible at the end
of the race or section in a
relay.
SW 10.18
IN

Device or plan
used for pace-
making