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Methods of Data Collection

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16 views

Methods of Data Collection

Uploaded by

kim.lastima
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Methods of Data

Collection

Lesson 3
Data Collection
Data collection is the process of gathering
and measuring information on variables of
interest, in an established systematic
fashion that enables one to answer stated
research questions, test hypotheses, and
evaluate outcomes.
Data Collection
Data Collection is the most important
feature of any kind of research study.
Inaccurate data collection can affect the
results of a study and eventually lead to
unacceptable results.
Types of Data
• Primary Data
• Data that has been generated by the researcher
himself/herself, surveys, interviews, and experiments, and
specially designed for understanding and solving the
research problem at hand.
• Those data are collected fresh and first time and thus
happen to be original in character and known as Primary
data.
2. Secondary Data

These refer to the data collected


by someone else and which
already passed through the
statistical process is known as
Secondary data
METHODS OF DATA
COLLECTION
• Survey Questionnaire
• A survey is a quantitative method whereby a researcher
poses some set of predetermined questions to an entire
group, or sample, of individuals. This methodology
may additionally be used as the simplest way of quickly
gaining some general details regarding one‟s
population of interest to assist harden an additional
centered, in-depth study using time-intensive ways like
in-depth interviews or field analysis.
Benefits of survey
research:
1. Cost-effective
2. Reliable
3. Generalization
4. Versatile
2. Interview
• In the field of research study, interview is a
way of gathering data that makes the
researcher verbally ask the subject or the
respondents question to give answer to what
the researcher is trying to look for.
Kinds of Interview
a. Face-to-face interview
• These interviews yield highest
response rates in survey research. They
also allow the researcher to clarify
ambiguous answers and when
appropriate, seek follow-up
information
b. Phone interviews
• These are less time-consuming
and less expensive and the
researcher has ready access to
anyone that has a phone.
c. Computer Assisted Personal Interviewing
(CAPI)

• This method saves time involved


in processing the data, as well as
saving the interviewer from
carrying hundreds of
questionnaires.
3. Observation
• Observation is a systematic data collection
approach used by a researcher. In this case, the
researchers use all of their senses to examine
people in natural settings or naturally occurring
situations. It is a technique of gathering data
whereby you personally watch, interact, or
communicate with the subjects of your research.
Types of
Observation
• Participant Observation
• This type of observation, whereby the
observer, who is the researcher, takes part
in the activities of the individual or group
being observed. In order for the researcher
to record his findings through this type of
observation, the researcher must use a
diary method or logbook.
2. Non-participant/
Structured Observation
• Observing participants without actively
participating. This option is used to
understand a phenomenon by entering
the community or social system
involved while staying separate from
the activities being observed
Basic Quantitative
Data
Procedure
In quantitative data analysis, the researchers are expected to
make the raw numbers into important data through the
application of rational and critical thinking. In this case, the
quantitative data analysis may contain the calculation of
differences between variables and frequencies of variables.
Therefore, a quantitative approach is usually related to finding
evidence to either support or reject the hypotheses you have
formulated at the previous stages of your research process.
Percentage Frequency
Distribution
A percentage frequency distribution is a
display of data that specifies the percentage of
observations that exist for each data point or
grouping of data points. It is a particularly useful
method of expressing the relative frequency of
survey responses and other data. Many times,
percentage frequency distributions are displayed as
tables, bar graphs, and pie charts.
Percentage Frequency
Distribution
The formula in order for you to get the percentage
frequency distribution:

P=(F/N) x 100
Where:
P= percentage
F= frequency
N= total number or respondents

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