NCM113:

COMMUNITY HEALTH
NURSING II
MR. MJ SALAVARIA RN.MPA.LPT

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 GRADING SYSTEM

60%-LECTURE 40%-RLE
25% PRELIMS
25% MIDTERMS
30% FINALS
20% QUIES, ACTIVITY,
ATTITUDE AND
ATTENDANCE

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 INTRODUCTION
DEFINITION: C.H.N

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 WHAT IS COMMUNITY ?

is seen as a group or collection of locality-

based individuals , interacting in social units
and sharing common interests,
characteristics, values, and/or goals.

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

A.ALLENDER- a collection of people who interacts with one another and
whose common interests or characteristic from the basis for a sense of unity or
belonging.

B.LUNDRY AND JANES- a group of people who share something in common

and interacts with one another who may exhibit a commitment with one another
and may share geographic boundary.

c. CLARK- a group of people who share common interests, who interact with
each other , and who function collectively with a defined social structure to
address common concerns.

D.SHUSTER and GEOPPINGER- a locality-based entity, composed of

systems of formal organizations reflecting society’s institutions, informal groups
and aggregates.
LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.
TWO MAIN TYPE
OF COMMUNITY
(maurer and smith 2009)

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

A.Geopolitical communities- also called as territorial
communities

- are most traditionally recognized.

Define or formed by both natural and man made
boundaries and include barangays, municipalities,
cities, provinces, regions and nations.

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

B.Phenomenological communities- aslo callled
as funcational communities.

- refer to relational, interactive groups , in which

the place or setting is more abstract, and people
share a group perspective or identity based on
culture , values, history, interest and goals.

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 CLASSIFICATION OF COMMUNITIES

1. URBAN- increased in population ; inductrial

type of work
2. RURAL- decreassed in population; agricultural
type of work
3. RURBAN- combination of rural and urban
4. SUBURBAN- periphery around the urban areas
5. METROPOLITAN- expanding urban areas
LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.
 4 ASPECTS OF COMMUNITY
1. SOCIAL- communication and interaction of
the people
2. CULTURAL- norms, values, and beliefs of the
people
3. POLITICAL- governance and leadership of
the people
4. GEOGRAPHICAL- boundaries of the
community
LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.
 WHAT IS HEALTH ?

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 WHAT IS HEALTH ?
- is a state of complete physical, mental and social
well-being and not merely the absence of disease
or infirmity. (WHO)

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 WHAT IS HEALTH ?
MURRAY - a state of well being in which the person is
able use purposeful, adaptive responses and processes
physically, mentally, emotionally , spiritually and
socially.

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 WHAT IS HEALTH ?
PENDER - actualization of inherent and acquired
human potential through goal-directed behavior ,
competent self-care and satisfying relationship with
others.

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 WHAT IS HEALTH ?
Modern concept of health- refers to optimum level of
function of individual, group, family, community
optimum level of functioning is influence by ecosystem

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

ECOSYSTEM FACTORS THAT AFFECTS
OLOF
•Socio-economic Status
•Hereditary Factor--->Genetic
•Health Care Delivery System
•Activties and Behavior
•Political Factors
•Environmental Factors

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

DETERMINANTS OF HEALTH
1.INCOME AND SOCIAL STATUS
2.EDUCATION
3.PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
4.EMPLOYEMENT AND WORKING CONDITIONS
5.SOCIAL SUPPORT NETWORKS
6.CULTURE
7.GENETICS
8.PERSONAL BEHAVIOR AND COPING SKILLS
9.HEALTH SERVICES
10. GENDER
LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.
INDICATORS OF HEALTH ILLNESS
-NATIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGY CENTERS OF DOH, PSA,
AND LOCAL HEALTH
CENTERS/OFFICES/DEPARTMENTS- PROVIDE
MORBIDITY, MORTALITY AND OTHER HEALTH
STATUS RELATED DATA.
- LOCAL HEALTH
CENTERS/OFFICES/DEPARTMENTS
-NURSES SHOULD PARTICIPATE IN INVESTIGATIVE
EFFORTS TO DETERMINE WHAT IS PRECIPITATING
THE INCREASED DISEASE RATE AND WORK TO
REMEDY THE IDENTIFIED THREATS OR RISKS.
LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.
according to Dr. C.E.Winslow public health is a science and arts
of 3Ps

1. Prevention of Disease
2. Prolonging Life / Protection
3. Promotion of Health and Effieciency through organized
community effort

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

DEFINITION AND FOCUS OF COMMUNITY HEALTH
B. Hanlon- development of the social machinery to ensure
everyone a standard of living adequate for the maintenance of
health, so organizing theses benefits as to enable “ every citizine
to realize his birthright of health and longevity”

C. Jacobson- achieve OLOF

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

PUBLIC HEALTH
”through organized community effort”

-connotes organized, legislated and tax supported efforts that

serve all people through health departments or related
governmental agencies.

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 What is Nursing?
- assisting sick individuals to become
healthy and healthy individuals achieve
optimum wellness.

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

WHAT IS COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING?
-the synthesis of nursing practice and
public health practice applied to
promoting and preserving health of the
populations (ANA, 1980)

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
- encompasses subspecialties that include public health nursing,
school nursing, occupational health nursing, and other
developing fields of practice, such as home health, hospice care
and independent nurse practice

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

PRIMARY GOAL OF CHN
-”ENHANCE PEOPLES
CAPABILITY”

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 ULTIMATE GOAL OF CHN
-”to raise the level of health of the
citizenry”

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 PHILOSOPHY OF CHN
‘CHN IS BASDED ON THE
WORTH AND DIGNITY OF A
MAN”

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 FOCUS OF CHN
HEALTH PROMOTION AND
DISEASE PREVENTION

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 MISSION OF CHN
-is social justice that entitles all people to
basic necessities, such as adequate income
and health promotion and accepts collective
burdens to make possible.

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
(FREEMAN)
- the field of professional practice in which
technical nursing , interpersonal, analytical
and organizational skills are applied to
problems of health as they affect the
community

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 - these skills are applied in concert with those of
other persons engaged in health care, through
comprehensive nursing care of families and other
groups and through measures for evaluation or
control of threats to health, for health education
of the public and for mobilization of the public
for heatlh action.

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
(MAGLAYA ET AL)
- the utilization of the nursing process in the different levels of
clientele, individual, family , community and population groups
concerned with the
A.Promotion of health
B.Prevention of disease
C.And Disability and Rehabilitation.

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 COMMUNITY BASED NURSING
-application of the nursing process in caring for individuals,
families and group where the live, work or go to school or they
move through the health care system.
- setting-specific such as home health nursing

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING
- emphasizes preservation and protection of health
-the primary client is the community

COMMUNITY BASED NURSING

-emphasizes on managing acute and chronic
-the primary clients are the individual and the family.

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

POPULATION-FOCUSED NURSING
-concentration on specific groups of people and focuses on health promotion
and disease prevention , regardless of geographical location
-focused practice:
1.Focuses on the entire population
2.Is based on assessment of the population’s health status
3.Considers the broad determinants of health
4.Emphasizes all levels of prevention
5.Intervens with communities, systems, individuals and families

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

CHN PRACTICE REQUIRES THE
FOLLOWING TYPES OF DATA FOR
SCIENTIFIC APPROACH AND
POPULATION:
• THE EPIDEMIOLOGY OR BODY OF KNOWLEDGE OF A
PARTICULAR PROBLEM AND ITS SOLUTION.

• INFORMATION ABOUT THE COMMUNITY.

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

TYPES OF INFORMATION AND
SOURCESTYPES SOURCES
DEMOGRAPHIC VITAL STATISTIC; CENSUS
GROUPS AT HIGH RISK HEALTH STATISTIC;
DISEASE STATISTIC
SERVICES/PROVIDERS CITY DIRECTORS, PHONE
AVAILABLE BOOKS/ SOCIAL
WORKERS/ LIST OF LOW
INCOME PROVIDES, CH
NURSE
LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.
3 IMPORTANT ELEMENTS OF CHN
1.IT IS POPULATION-BASED FOCUSED POPULATION-FOCUSED
NURSING CARE PROVIDING CARE BASED ON THE GREATER
NEEDS OF MAJORITYOF THE POPULATION

2.IT CONTAINS 3 LEVELS OF CLIENTELE (FIG-C)

• F-AMILY
• I- NDIVIDUAL
• G-ROUP
• C-OMMUNITY

3. IT IDENTIFIES AND DEFINES 12 PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONS

SURVEILLANCE
LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.
12 PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONS
• A.SURVEILLANCE- MONITORS HEALTH EVENTS.
• B.DISEASE AND OTHER HEALTH EVENT
INVESTIGATION.
• C.OUTREACH- LOCATES POPULATION OF INTEREST OR
POPULATION AT RISK.
• D.SCREENING- IDENTIFIES INDIVIDUALS WITH
UNRECOGNIZED HEALTH RISKS FACTORS.
• E.CASE FINDINGS- IDENTIFIES RISK FACTORS AND
CONNECTS THEM WITH RESOURCES.

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

12 PUBLIC HEALTH INTERVENTIONS
• F.REFERRAL AND FOLLOW UP- ASSIST TO IDENTIFY AND
ACCESS NECESSART RESOURCES.
• G.CASE MANAGEMENT- OPTIMIZES SELF CARE
CAPABILITITES OF INDIVIDUALS AND FAMILIES.
• H.DELEGATED FUNCTIONS- DIRECT CARE TASKS THAT THE
NURSE CARRIES OUT.
• I.HEALTH TEACHING- COMMUNICATES FACTS, IDEAS, SKILLS,
THAT CHANGE KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, VALUES, BEHAVIOR
AND PRACTICES.

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 • K.CONSULTATION- SEEKS INFORMATION AND
GENERATES OPTIONAL SOLUTIONS TO PERCIEVED
PROBLEMS.
• L.COLLABORATION- COMMITS TWO OR MORE
PERSONS OR AN ORGANIZATION
• M.COALITION BUILDING- DEVELOPS ALLIANCES
AMONG ORGANIZATIONS
• N.COMMUNITY ORGANIZING- HELPS COMMUNITY
GROUPS TO IDENTIFY COMMON PROBLEMS OR
GOALS MOBILIZES RESOURCES AND DEVELOP AND
IMPLEMENT STRATEGIES

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

• O.ADVOCACY- PLEADS SOMEONES CAUSE
OR ACTS ON SOMEONES BEHALG
• P.SOCIAL MARKETING- UTILIZES
COMMERCIAL MARKETING PRINCIPLES FOR
PROGRAMS
• Q.POLICY DEVELOPMENT AND
ENFORCEMENT- PLACE ISSUES ON
DECISION MAKERS AGENDAS, ACQUIRES
PLAN OF RESOLUTION.

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 TYPES OF FAMILY
• A.NUCLEAR FAMILY
• B.EXTENDED
• C.SINGLE PARENT
• D.BINUCLEAR/BLENDED/RECONSITUTED
• E.STEP FAMILY
• F.COMPOUND
• G.COHABITING FAMILY
• H.DYAD
• I.HOMOSEXUAL FAMILY
• J.COMMUNAL FAMILY
• K.NO-KIN
LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.
 BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CHN
• THE COMMUNITY IS THE PATIENT OF CHN, THE FAMILY IS THE UNIT
OF CARE AND THERE ARE FOUR LEVELS OF CLIENTELE: INDIVIDUAL,
FAMILY, POPULATION GROUP AND COMMUNITY.

• -THE CLIENT IS CONSIDERED AS AN ACTIVE PARTNER NOT PASSIVE

RECIPIENT OF CARE.

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 • CHN PRACTICE IS AFFECTED BY
DEVELOPMENTS IN HEALTH
TECHNOLOGY, IN PARTICULAR, CHANGES
IN SOCIETY, IN GENERAL

• THE GOAL OF CHN IS ACHIEVED THROUGH

MULTI-SECTORAL EFFORTS
LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.
ROLES OF COMMUNITY HEALTH
NURSE
1.CLINICIAN
2.HEALTH EDUCATOR
3.FACILITATOR
4.SUPERVISOR
5.LEADER, ROLE MODEL AND CHANGE AGENT
6. RESEARCHER
7. STATISTICIAN
8. ADVOCATE
9. COUNSELOR
LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.
 OBJECTIVES OF COMMUNITY HEALTH
C-O-D-E-S
C-ONTROL OF COMMUNICABLE DISEASE
O-RGANIZATION OF MEDICAL AND NURSING SERVICES
D-EVELOPMENT OF SOCIAL MACHINERIES
E-DUCATION OF IFC ON PERSONAL HYGIENE- HEALTH
EDUCATION IS TRHE ESSENTIAL TASK OF EVERY
HEALTH WORKER
S-ANITATION OF THE ENVIRONMENT
LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.
 COMMUNITY HEALTH WORKERS
MEDICAL OFFICER- MHO
COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSE-RN
RURAL HEALTH MIDWIFES- RM
DENTIST
NUTRITIONIST
MEDICAL TECHNOLOGIST-RMT
PHARMACIST
RURAL SANITARY INSPECTOR (RSI)- must be a sanitary engineer

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

PLACES IN CHN
A. PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING
B. SCHOOL NURSING
C. OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH NURSING

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

REVIEW TIME!

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

CHN is a community-based practice. Which best explains this
statement?

A. The service is provided in the natural environment of

people
B. The nurse has to conduct community diagnosis to determine
nursing needs and problems
C. The service are based on the available resources within the
community
D. Priority setting is based on the magnitude of the health
problems identified

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 According to Shuster and Geoppinger, community is.
A.The community health nurse continuously develops himself
personally and professionally
B. Health education and community organizing are necessary
in providing community health services
C. Community health nursing in intended primarily for health
promotion and prevention and treatment of disease.
D. a collection of people who interacts with one another and
whose common interests or characteristic from the basis for a
sense of unity or belonging.

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

 WHAT IS THE ULTIMATE GOAL OF CHN?

A. Ensure the accessibility and quality of health

B. To raise the level of health of the citizenry

C. Improve the general health status of the population

D. Health in the hands of the Filipino people by the year 2020

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.

WHAT ARE THE THREE (3) LEVELS OF CLIENTELE?

1. INDIVIDUAL 2.FAMILY
3. COMMUNITY 4. SELF 5. GROUP

A. 153
B. 1235

C. 1245

D. 125
LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.
RLE HOME
ACTIVITY
FAMILY
MEMBERS/
AGE STATUS OF POSSIBLE CAUSE OF
GENDER HEALTH DISEASE
MALE 46 HPN; PTB INTAKE OF FATTY FOODS
SMOKING
ALCOHOL DRINKING

TO BE SUBMIT NEXT MEETING .

LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.
 THANK YOU!
LUNAGOCOCOLLEGESINC. COLLEGE OF NURSING. PREPARED BY: M.SALAVARIA RN,MPA,LPT.