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Uber Data Analysis

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Dev Agarwal
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6 views

Uber Data Analysis

Uploaded by

Dev Agarwal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Uber Data

Analysis
PRESENTED BY :

UNNATI GOYAL
(181500768)

SAUMYA GUPTA
(181500632)

NANDINEE GUPTA
(181500414)

ROSHNI RAWAT
(181500594)
Aim
Complete Data Analysis and
Exploration of Uber Dataset

4
Data Set:
Kaggle
CSV Format

Shape:
322844,56

5
Libraries

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Exploratory Data Analysis
Exploratory Data Analysis refers to the critical
process of performing initial investigations on data so
as to discover patterns to spot anomalies to test hypothesis
and to check assumptions with the help of summary statistics
and graphical representations.

It is a good practice to understand the data first and try to


gather as many insights from it.

EDA is all about making sense of data in hand.


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Feature Engineering
All machine learning algorithms use some input data to create outputs.
This input data comprise features, which are usually in the form of
structured columns. Algorithms require features with some specific
characteristics to work properly and so the need for feature engineering
arises.

I think feature engineering efforts mainly have two goals:


 Preparing the proper input dataset, compatible with the machine
learning algorithm requirements.

 Improving the performance of machine learning models.

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Strip-plot between Name and Price

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Label Encoding
Label Encoding refers to converting the labels into
numeric form so as to convert it into the machine-
readable form. Machine learning algorithms can then
decide in a better way on how those labels must be
operated. It is an important pre-processing step for the
structured dataset in supervised learning.
NANs(missing values)

Our data set contain NANs only in Price column.

The count of nans is: 55095

The nans is filled with the median of other values.

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Feature Selection
Feature Selection is the process of selecting a subset of
relevant feature (variables, predictors) for use in model
construction.

Recursive Feature Elimination


:
Recursive feature elimination (RFE) is a feature
selection method that fits a model and removes the
weakest feature (or features) until the specified
number of features is reached.
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After applying RFE on given data set with Linear Regression,
we found accuracy with different no of columns as follows:-

Serial No. No. of Feature Accuracy


1 56 0.805483422

2 40 0.8050662132

3 25 0.80553551515

4 15 0.8050457819
Final Dataset

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Modeling

After Completion of Recursive


Feature Elimination process, we
can done Modeling on final
dataset.

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Linear Regression: Linear Regression is a supervised machine
learning algorithm where the predicted output is continuous and has a
constant slope. It’s used to predict values within a continuous range.

Decision Tree: A decision tree is a graphical representation of all


the possible solutions to a decision based on certain conditions.

Random Forest: Random Forest is a popular machine learning


algorithm that belongs to the supervised learning technique. It can be
used for both Classification and Regression problems in ML. It is
based on the concept of ensemble learning, which is a process
of combining multiple classifiers to solve a complex problem and to
improve the performance of the model. 16
Gradient Boosting Regressor :Gradient boosting is a machine
learning technique for regression and classification problems, which
produces a prediction model in the form of an ensemble of weak
prediction models, typically decision trees. It builds the model in a
stage-wise fashion like other boosting methods do, and it generalizes
them by allowing optimization of an arbitrary differentiable loss function.

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After applying different models on final dataset, we found
different accuracy as given below :-

Serial No. Models Accuracy

1 Linear Regression 0.74754507316

2 Decision Tree 0.961791729999

3 Random Forest 0.96226947434198

4 Gradient Boosting 0.96318719462782


Regressor

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Testing

The usage of the word "testing" in relation to


machine learning models is primarily used
for testing the model performance in terms of
accuracy/precision of the model.

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With the help of linear regression and random
forest models, we predict the price, plot a graph
between actual and predicted values and find the
following errors:-

For linear regression:-


MAE : 3.406077219
MSE : 20.03343709
RMAE : 4.47587277

For random forest:-


MAE : 0.998137009
MSE : 2.944653619
RMAE : 1.71599930 20
Price Prediction Function

At last, we create a function for price


prediction which take cab name,
source, surge multiplier and icon as
input and predict the price.

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