What is the

Semi
conductor
By: JERSON L. ESCOTOTO
 • Semi-Conductor is a solid substance that has specific

Seme electrical properties that enable it to serve as a foundation

for computers and other electronic devices.

Conductor
Meaning of semi-conductor 20XX 2
Types of Resistor
Non-Linear Resistor: The resistor whose values
change according to the
temperature and Voltage
applied and is not dependent on
Ohm’s law.

Linear Resistor: The resistor whose Values change

with change in applied
temperature and Voltage

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Non-Linear Resistor
Thermistor: It is a type of Semi conductor that react like
a resistor sensitive to temperature.
They have greater resistance than conducting materials,
But lower resistance than insulating materials.

USES:
- Digital thermometers (thermostats)
- Household appliances (microwaves, and fridges)
- Rechargeable batteries ( ensure the correct battery
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PHOTO RESISTOR
Photo Resistor: They are also known as “LDR” it is the
combination of words ‘PHOTON” (meaning light
particles) and “resistor”.
A photoresistor is sensitive to light. Its resistance
decreases when lighting increases.

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VARISTOR
Varistor: also known as “Voltage Dependent
Resistor” (VDR).
They are often used to protect circuits against
excessive transient Voltages.
When the circuit is exposed to a high Voltage
transient, the varistor starts to conduct and clamps
the transient Voltage to safe level.

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SURFACE MOUNT RESISTOR
Surface Mount Resistor: SMD or Mound Surface
Resistor are smaller than through-hole resistors and
instead of having wire leads that go through PCB or
Printed Circuit Board, They have terminations that are
soldered to pads on the surface of the board.
This eliminates the need for holes in the board and allows
both sides of the board to be use more fully.

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Linear Resistor Types of Linear Resistor
Linear Resistor: Whose value FIXED RESISTOR: Fixed value Resistor have a defined
changes with the applied temperature Ohmic resistance and are not adjustable.
and voltages, are called linear It is commonly used resistor and in general one of the
resistors. Most types of resistor are most used electronic components.
linear devices that produce a Voltage
drop across themselves when a VARIABLE RESISTOR: Variable resistor is a resistor
current flows Through them there are of which the electric resistance value can be adjusted.
two basic types of resistors with Essence an electro-mechanical transducer and normally
linear properties namely fixed resistor works by sliding a contact (wiper) over a resistive
and Variable resistors. element.
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VIRIABLE RESISTOR
Potentiometer: It is a three-terminal resistor with a
sliding or rotating contact that forms an adjustable
Voltage divider.
It is commonly use to control electrical device such as
volume controls audio equipment.

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VIRIABLE RESISTOR
Rheostat: It is adjustable resistor used in applications
that require the adjustment of current or varying of
resistance in an electric circuit.
The Rheostat can adjust Generator, Characteristics, Dim
Lights, and start or control the speed of motors.

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VIRIABLE RESISTOR
Trimmer Resistor: Trimmer or Preset is a miniature
adjustable electric component.
It is meant to be set correctly when installed in some
device.
Trimmers like trimmable inductors and trimmable
capacitors are usually found in superhit radio and
television receivers .

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 FIXED
RESISTOR

Thick film resistor Carbon film resistor Wire wound resistor Fusible resistor

Cermet film resistor Metal oxide resistor Thin film resistor Metal film resistor

Carbon film resistor

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SYMBOLS

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 CAPACITOR

Capacitor: is a device that stores electric

energy in an electric field by accumulating
electric chargers on two closely spaced
surfaces that are insulated from each other It
is a passive electronic component with two
terminals.

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 OP-AMPS

OP-amp: Operational Amplifiers, also known as

OP-AMPS, are basically a voltage amplifying
device designated to be use with components like
capacitors and resistors, between its in/out terminals.
OP-amps are linear devices that are ideal for DC
amplification and are used often in signal
conditioning, filtering, or other mathematical
operation (add, subtract, integration and
differentiation).

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20XX
10 EXAMPLE CONDUCTORS

Copper: copper has the highest electrical

conductivity rating of all non-precious
metals.
Copper is used in building construction,
power generation, transmission, and it is also
of electronic product manufacturing and
industrial machinery and transportation
vehicles.
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 Aluminum: Aluminum is a silvery-white ,
lightweight metal. It is soft and malleable.
It is used in a huge variety of products
including cans, foils kitchen utensils,
window frames, and also electronic product
like Wire and many more.

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 Silver: is a white metal that use in jewelry
and coins, but today, silver is primary use is
industrial. Whether in cellphones or solar
panels new innovations are constantly
emerging to take advantage of silver is
unique properties.

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 Iron: Iron is a chemical element with many
different uses in the industries.
It is commonly used for building,
Appliances, construction, making magnets,
and it is good for electronic devices.

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 Gold: It is mined in the earth, and it has a
wonderful color and a brilliant metallic
luster.
It can easily be hammered into shapes and it
is conducted electricity.

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 Water: Water molecules is made up to 3
atoms.
2 atoms of hydrogen and one atom of
oxygen.
Water is commonly used for drinking and
washing.
And When the water contains ions it will
conduct electricity,
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 Mercury: Is a chemical element with the
symbol Hg and atomic number 80.
It is also known as quicksilver.
It is used in photography and as a topical
antiseptic and disinfectant, wood
preservative and fungicide.
And it is good for Electricity or electronic
equipment.
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 Bronze: Is typically 88percent and of copper
and 12 percent of tin, but it is harder that
copper.
It is used for Architectural, coins, cymbals,
medals and many more.
Bronze is commonly used in electrical
contacts and connectors.

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 Platinum: Is a chemical element with the
symbol Pt and atomic number 78.
It is commonly used for Jewelry, industrial
applications and Electronic.

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 Human body: Almost all of our cell can use
these charged elements, called ions to
generate electricity.

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