Types of Components

and Objects to be
Measured
OBJECTIVES
A. discuss the types of components and objects to be
measured;
B. identify the name of components and its measurement;
C. appreciate the importance of knowing the components
and objects to be measured.
Gigabytes data storage
Hertz Megahertz
Frames Gigahertz

1. Memory is measured by __________________________.

2. Processor is measured through ____________________.
3. The _____________________ refers to how much disk space one or
more storage devices offer.
4. The GHz stands for ________________________.
5. The _____________________ describes how many full images per
second
the card can show.
WHAT IS MENSURATION?
◦ Mensuration refers to the process of measuring the

computer components and objects to fully understand

the needed requirements and capacity. The results of
measurements taken are the calculations that are
usually considered in building a computer.
Types of Components
and Objects to be
Measured
1. Memory
◦ Memory is the working storage space of the computer

which holds data, processing instructions, and

processed data (information) waiting to send in
secondary storage.
1. Memory
◦ There are two types of memory and they are:

a. Random Access Memory (RAM)- is the computer's

portion that temporarily stores the computer's running
instructions and the data it handles. RAM data is volatile.
1. Memory
If the power of the machine is switch off, all data will
be erased and become lost. The RAM can carry millions of
bytes of data, so the capacity is calculated based on
Megabytes (MB) 1,000,000 or 1 million bytes and
Gigabytes (GB) 1,000,000,000 or 1 billion bytes.
1. Memory
When using a computer the RAM must have:
1. Computer operating system
2. Application software
3. Any information which is processed
1. Memory
b. Read Only Memory (ROM) - is a type of non-volatile
memory used in computers and other electronic
devices. Data stored in ROM cannot be electronically
changed after the manufacture of the memory device.
1. Memory
Read-only memory is beneficial for storing software that is rarely
changed during the life of the system, also known as firmware.
Software applications (like video games) for programmable devices
can be distributed as plug-in cartridges containing read-only
memory.
2. Data Storage Capacity
refers to how much disk space one or more storage
devices provides. It measures the capacity of data on a computer
system. The storage capacity is measured in Kilobytes (KB), Megabytes
(MB), Gigabytes (GB) and terabytes (TB). For example, a computer with
a 500GB hard drive has a storage capacity of 500gigabites or 5 billion
bytes.
TYPES OF DATA
STORAGE DEVICE
1. Magnetic storage media and devices
- stores data in a form of tiny magnetized dots. These
dots are formed, read and erased by very tiny
electromagnets using magnetic films.
1. Magnetic storage media and devices
HARD DRIVES PORTABLE HARD DRIVE
1. Magnetic storage media and devices-
MAGNETIC TAPE FLOPPY DISK
2. Optical storage device
is a kind of computer disk drive that reads and writes data
from optical disks through laser beaming technology. This kind of
drive allows a user to retrieve, modify and delete the content from
optical disks such as CDs, DVDs and Blu-ray disks. Optical drives are
one the most common computer components.
2. Optical storage device
DIGITAL VERSATILE DISC-READ-ONLY
COMPACT DISC -CD-ROM
MEMORY

(Read-Only Memory) discs can hold (DVD-ROM) discs can hold

around 800MB of data. The data
around 4.7GB of data, dual-layer
cannot be changed (non-volatile), and
DVD can hold twice as much.
cannot be accidentally deleted. CD-
DVD-ROM's are random access
ROM's are random access devices.
devices. They are used for high-
quality video storage.
2. Optical storage device
DIGITAL VERSATILE DISC-READ-ONLY
BLU-RAY DISCS
MEMORY

is a high capacity optical disks can hold around 15 GB of data.

that can hold data from 25-50 It is also a random access
GB. It is the recent replacement device.
for DVD. Blu-ray discs are
random access devices.
3. Solid-state
is a storage device that has no moving parts no
reels of tape, no spinning discs, and no laser beams.
Solid-state storage devices store data using a special
memory type known as flash memory.
3. Solid-state
a. Memory sticks or 'thumb-drives'-are non-volatile
random- access storage devices. Each of these small
devices has flash memory attached to a USB interface.
3. Solid-state
b. Memory card- is a kind of storage device that is used
for storing media and data files. It provides a permanent
and non-volatile medium to store data and files from the
attached device. It is commonly used in small, portable
devices, such as cameras and phones.
3. Solid-state
c. Smart card -is a plastic, credit-card size card with one
or more embedded computer chip. Example of this is
credit card, door entry cards, satellite TV cards.
4. Processor
The CPU can be found in the computer's internal
circuit board called the motherboard. The speed at
which the CPU can execute the instructions is called the
clock speed. This is controlled by a clock.
4. Processor
With every tick of the clock, the CPU fetches and executes
one instruction. The clock speed is measured in cycles per second,
and one cycle per second is known as 1 hertz. This means that a
CPU with a clock speed of 2 gigahertz (GHz) can carry out two
thousand million (or two billion) cycles per second.
5. Video Card
is also called as graphics cards, video adapters, display cards,
graphic adapters and graphic accelerators. It is a computer
component that is used to enhance the quality of images showed
on a display. It is attached to the motherboard which controls and
calculates the appearance of an image on the screen.
5. Video Card
The video card is an intermediate device that accelerates the
video throughput. A graphics card's processor is called a graphics
processing unit or GPU. It is similar to a computer's CPU. A GPU, is
designed specifically for performing the complex mathematical and
geometric calculations that are necessary for graphics rendering. A GPU
produces a lot of heat, so it is usually located under a heat sink or a fan.
5. Video Card
The card’s performance is measured in its frame rate which is
calculated in frames per second (FPS). The frame rate shows how
many complete images the card can display per second. The human
eye can process about 25 frames every second, but fast-action
games require a frame rate of at least 60 FPS to provide smooth
animation and scrolling.
5. Video Card
The card’s performance is measured in its frame rate which is
calculated in frames per second (FPS). The frame rate shows how
many complete images the card can display per second. The human
eye can process about 25 frames every second, but fast-action
games require a frame rate of at least 60 FPS to provide smooth
animation and scrolling.
1. DIVEO CRAD VIDEO CARD
2. TADA ROSTGAE DATA STORAGE
3. ROPCSEORS PROCESSOR
4. MMOEYR MEMORY
5. CRENTAL CENTRAL
ROPECSSNGI ITUN PROCESSING UNIT
2. Optical storage device
DIGITAL VERSATILE DISC-READ-ONLY
BLU-RAY DISCS
MEMORY

is a high capacity optical disks can hold around 15 GB of data.

that can hold data from 25-50 It is also a random access
GB. It is the recent replacement device.
for DVD. Blu-ray discs are
random access devices.