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Modals Presentation

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Neyla Bernal
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9 views

Modals Presentation

Uploaded by

Neyla Bernal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MODAL VERBS

WHAT ARE MODAL VERBS?


They are auxiliary verbs .
They work with a main verb to add extra meaning to a sentence.
(possibility)
I don’t know who’s at the door, but it might be Jane.
POSSIBILITY

OBLIGATION ABILITY
ADVICE CERTAINTY

REQUESTS PROHIBITION
PERMISSION
CHARACTERISTICS OF MODAL
VERBS
1 They’re followed by an infinitive (without to).
You should go to the doctor. (You should to go to the doctor.)

2 They don’t take –s in the 3rd person singular.


He may come for dinner. (He mays come for dinner.)

3 They don’t need do/does to form the negative or


interrogative.
I shouldn’t phone her. (I don’t should phone her.)
Shoud I phone her? (Do I should phone her?)
SEMI-MODAL VERBS
They have some of the characteristics of modal
verbs.
You ought to do more exercise.

You oughtn’t to say that .

Ought we to call the police?


NON-MODAL VERBS
They add extra information, but don’t have any
of the characteristics of modal verbs.

He has to work.

He doesn’t have to work.

Does he have to work?


ABILITY /REQUESTS /
PERMISSION
Can (present ability / permission)
She can play the piano. / Can I leave now?

Could (past ability / polite requests)


I could swim when I was 5. / Could you help me, please?

Be able to (past/present/future)
When you read it, you’ll be able to understand it.

Managed to (past ‘difficult’ ability)


The police managed to cath the culprit.
OBLIGATION /
PROHIBITION
Must
/ ADVICE (‘strong’ obligation)
You must be quiet in the library.

Mustn’t (prohibition)
You mustn’t smoke in here.

Have to / Need to (obligation)


I have to finish my project. / I need to finish my project.

Don’t have to / Don’t need to (no obligation)


You don’t have to pay it right now. / You don’t need to pay it right now.

Should / Ought to (advice)


You should study harder. / You ought to study harder.
You shouldn’t go out if you’re ill. / You oughtn’t to go out if you’re ill.
POSSIBILITY / CERTAINTY
Must (you’re certain sth is true)
It must be quite late, because it’s getting dark.

Could ( present / future possibility) *


His attitude could mean he’s angry. / It could rain this afternoon.

May / May not (present / future possibility)


doubt

His attitude may mean he’s angry. / It may (not) rain this afternoon.

Might / Mightn’t (present / future possibility)


His attitude might mean he’s angry. / It might (not) rain this afternoon.

Can’t (you’re certain sth is impossible)


It can’t be midnight already! Time flies!
WATCH OUT!

He may not come to the party. (Future possibility)

He might not come to the party. (Future possibility)

but

* He couldn’t come to the party. (Past ability)


MODAL PERFECTS
Must have + participle (past certainty)
David must have felt disappointed when he lost.

Could have + participle (past possibility/alternative)


He could have taken the wrong train. / The police could have acted more quickly.

May have + participle (past possibility)


doubt

He may have taken the wrong train.

Might have + participle (past possibility)


He might have taken the wrong train.

Can’t have + participle (past impossibility)


It can’t have been Rachel - She was in London.
Should have + participle (we wish sth different had happened)
We should have told him.
I HOPE THIS HELPED!

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