ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION

ENGINEERING

M . Raja Reddy, Ph.D.

 Engineering Definition
 Engineering is the science, skill, and profession of acquiring
and applying scientific, economic, social, and practical
knowledge, in order to design and also build structures,
machines, devices, systems, materials and processes.
 Electronics & Communication Engineering deals with the
electronic devices, circuits, communication equipments
(transmitter & receiver), integrated circuits (IC), basic
electronics, analog and digital transmission & reception of
data, voice and video (AM, FM, DTH), microprocessors,
satellite communication, microwave engineering, antennae
and wave progression and many more

“Scientists dream about doing great things. Engineers do them.”

-James A. Michener
Why study ECE?
 Best paid jobs, comfortable life and respect in the society
 Job satisfaction
 Global career – works with different worlds on common flat form
 Important to find a career you enjoy.
 Variety of career opportunities
 Challenging work
 Problems will be open-ended
 No single answer to solve complex problems
 No answer in the back of the book
 No teacher to tell you that you are right or wrong
 You find a solution and persuade others that yours is the best one.
 Respect
 People know that engineering requires hard work and strong
technical skills. As a member of this profession, you will receive a
high amount of respect
 Why study ECE?
 Intellectual development
 Develops your ability to think logically and to solve problems
 Benefit to society
 You can choose projects that benefit society
 Cleaning the environment – safe carbon free
 Developing prosthetic aids for disabled persons
 Finding new sources of energy
 Financial security
 You will be well paid and Engineering graduates receive the highest
starting salary of any discipline
 Prestige
 Engineers greatly help
• sustain our nation's international competitiveness
• maintain our standard of living
• ensure a strong national security
• protect public safety.
Why study ECE?
 Professional environment
 You will work in a professional environment in which you will be
treated with respect and have some freedom in choosing your work .
 Creative thinking
 We are in a time of rapid technological changes, therefore, the need
for engineers to think creatively is greater than ever before.
 Technological and scientific discovery
 Do you know why only few elements behave as semiconductor?
 The diode works differently for different applications, why they
were designed the way they are?
 Do you know why nanotechnology is developing rapidly?
 An engineering education can help you understand many things in
the world electronics.
Which direction is good?
Where I find my career?
 Aerospace industry
 Automotive industry
 Construction industry
 Defence industry
 Electronics industry
 Fast moving consumer goods industry
 Marine industry
 Oil and gas industry
 Pharmaceuticals industry
 Power generation industry
 Rail industry
 Telecoms
 communication industry,
 Other industries like steel, cement, petroleum and chemical industry,
directing control and testing production process.
 Different Roles, Different Names
 Research and Development (R&D): Engineers whose role is to do
research and then plan for new products, materials, process,
parts and components
 Design & Development: Professionals whose responsibility is to
design the system, components, or part of the system
 Production: Engineers who supervise the manufacturing of
electrical and electronic components and machines.
 Analysis and testing: Engineers who analyse and test different
types of machines and their parts to ensure that they function
flawlessly.
 Installation: Professionals who install electrical machines,
instruments and parts at the client location.
 Operation &Maintenance: Engineers whose primary role is to
ensure that machinery is working as per specifications.
Core ECE jobs
 Electronics Circuit Design
 Signal processing
 Wireless & optical Communication
 Robotics
 Embedded Systems
 Analog & digital electronics
 Telecommunications
 Power & consumer Electronics
 Control systems
 VLSI
 Defense & Aerospace
 Nanotechnology & manufacturing
 Mobile Companies
Non-engineering jobs
 Logistics
 Operations management
 Patent law and intellectual property
 Procurement, purchasing and buying
 Supply chain management
 Teaching, academia and lecturing
 Technical consulting
 Technical sales, marketing, business development
 Technical training
Top Companies
 Job Opportunities - Public Sector
 DRDO- Defense and Research Development
Organization.
 BEL-Bharat Electronics Ltd.

 HAL-Hindustan Aeronautics Ltd.

 ECIL- Electronic Corporation of India Ltd.

 ISRO-Indian Space & Research Organization.

 ITI – Indian Telephone Industry

 BHEL-Bharat Heavy Electrical Limited.

 Railways

 Information technology

 Bank jobs and many more.

Top Companies
 Job Opportunities - Private Sector
• NVIDIA Graphics
• Analog Devices
• Texas Instrumentation
• XILINX
• Alcatel-Lucent (BELLLabs)
• Cisco Systems
• Siemens
• RelianceComm. Ltd
• IBM
• Cypress semiconductors
• National Semiconductors Ltd.
• Honeywell Automation Pvt. Ltd.
• Many more companies
Skill Set Required for getting Jobs
 Project management skills
 High level of technical expertise
 Good communication skills
 Leadership capability
 Strong analytical skills
 Ability to work as part of a team
 Problem solving capabilities
 Practical/resourceful
 Creativity (invention, innovation, thinking outside box)
Pay Packet
 Salaries differ based on the companies you get placed.
• Big International Companies like Texas Instruments offer
salaries in the range of Rs 60,000 – 120,000 per month.
• Indian companies offer salaries in the range of Rs 30,000 –
60,000 per month.
• If you get placed in US or Europe , salaries are in the
range of $2,500 – $4000 per month.
• Based on your talent and experience, salaries can vary.
 Why focus on practical knowledge?
 There is a gap between engineering course content and the
requirements of the engineering services industry
 Engineering education system imparts knowledge on various
technical/non-technical areas, it often falls short of meeting the
expectations of the real world.
 One reason for this gap is a fundamental lacuna in the engineering
education framework. This is the only profession where an
individual goes from an academic programme directly into a job,
with no prior on-the-job training.
 “Getting fresh graduates ramped up quickly to productivity is a
key concern across the industry, graduates sometimes take six
months to a year to become productive.
 When fresh graduates enter the working environment, they have
lots of theoretical knowledge which is redundant, rather than the
necessary practical knowledge.”
 What should you do?
 Pay attention to basics
• Strong foundation of the basics of electronics is must
• Good knowledge of electronic devices and RF, analog, digital
and especially CMOS design
• Expertise in VLSI, VHDL, FPGA and ASIC design, signal
processing, control systems, industrial manufacturing
systems, power transmission, simulation and verification
techniques
• Languages, one must be familiar with HDL (verilog or
VHDL), C and C++.
• Other skills - domain knowledge of microprocessors, control
systems, embedded systems, and circuit and device testing.
 What should you do?
 Get trained to have an extra edge
• Curriculum may not provide all the learning you need. Make an effort to gain some extra skill,
be it technical or interpersonal.
• Work on system-level design using off-the-shelf ICs
• The demand for electronics design engineers having product, domain and software tools
expertise is high.
• Actively look out for competitions that organisations/educational institutes conduct. Such
initiatives are excellent opportunities to demonstrate creativity, secure mentoring
opportunities from industry experts and participate in exciting, competitive and recognised
events. Try engaging consistently with the institute/university faculty to understand
sponsorship and scholarship opportunities offered by companies/ universities.
• Students must possess excellent problem-solving and decision-making abilities, english
communication skills, and organisation and management skills for an all-round perspective.
• Emphasises on ethical behaviour as majority of the MNCs empower their staff and would like
them to showcase good ethics while dealing internally or externally with vendors or customers.
•

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 What should you do?
 Exploit your internship
• Even if it is not compulsory in your course curriculum to do an internship, do one
anyway. In fact, try enrolling for more than one if possible. Taking up a project or
internship to build something is essential, as there is plenty of learning for the
student to imbibe, whether the project succeeds or not.
• Colleges have included industry visits, seminars and projects for this purpose.
Unfortunately, many students treat these courses lightly. My advice would be to take
the internship seriously, for the soft skills they impart will be invaluable
Keep in mind that “interning is about more than just showing up at an office and
earning a recommendation letter
• Grab every opportunity to chat with everyone from senior members to fresh
recruits. You’ll learn a lot about the industry, job and their expectations. It may help
to join the same company after completing your course. In fact, interning is just like
auditioning you try the company to check whether it suits you.
•

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 What should you do?
 Know the industry trend
• You need to be conversant with global trends and pioneering research done
worldwide. To acquaint himself with the challenges that will face him in the
future, the engineering student should re-examine and realign his goals with
the current scenario that prevails.
• Do on-the-job research. Students need to have some insights by either
working or doing some research on how the industry segment of their choice
actually operates.
• The electronics industry is very large today. There are multiple sub-
disciplines. Even some software disciplines require a sound knowledge of
electronics along with a strong grip on programming
• Becoming a member of a professional society and taking active part in
seminars and workshops will also help in understanding where the
electronics industry is headed.
• Use core journals and newsletters to keep track of trends and latest
developments in electronics engineering.
• Keeping abreast of the industry and economy may even help you to find an
extremely satisfying career outside the mainstream.
 What should you do?
 Understand your aptitude
• Students should have the ability to assess the situation, identify key issues that need to be
addressed, break down complex problems into simpler manageable problems and
resolve the problem to develop workable solutions.
• Companies are looking for people who can fix problems with minimal direction. They
don’t want to have to tell people to react when fires are burning. So once you’ve
understood your aptitude and carefully evaluated the job market, you can make your
leap.
• It is advised in your second or third or fourth year of engineering, the students should
begin to think of what industry they wish to join and start digging into the relevant
literature. If you are fortunate enough, you may get to do an internship in the industry
of your choice.
• once you figure out what is of your interest, work towards developing skills required for
that vertical.
• Finally, your future is in your hands. So don’t hesitate to spend enough time exploring
all the possible ways before final settlement.
•

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 Scope for Higher Education
After graduation with B.E/B.Tech in Electronics &
Communication, you can look for M.E/M.Tech/M.S in any of the
following areas
 Mobile Communication
 Telecommunication
 Satellite Communication
 Networking
 Micro Electronics(VLSI)
 Semi Conductors
 Signal Processing
 Control Systems
 Software Engineering
 Embedded Systems
 Automotive Electronics
Final advise
 Many opportunities – plan your focused area
 Work on both mini and major projects
 Get the deep insight of the technology
 Write papers for reviewed journals, conferences
 Volunteer speaking on your specialized area
 Read, Read and Read
 Do not postpone the activity and try to finish on the defined
date.
 Work in the team for the project and share the ideas
 Be sincere, hard work and with good attitude
 Look for clarification if you have doubt.
 Get one or two internship projects with industry
All the best