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Information System

mis

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Fitha Fathima
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10 views

Information System

mis

Uploaded by

Fitha Fathima
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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System &

InformationSystems
What is a System
SYSTEM-A system is a group of interrelated
components working together towards a common
goal by accepting inputs and producing outputs in
an organized transformation process. A systems is
a collection of subsystems where each one will
have its own goal but collectively working of the
system objective
Eg: University is a System with subsystems as each
department working together for common goal of
imparting higher education to society.
Elements of a System
Input: Involves capturing and assembling elements that enter the
system to be processed.

Processing: Conversion of input into output.

Output: Transferring elements that have been produced by a


transformation process to their ultimate destination.

Feed back: It is data about the performance of a system.

 Control: Involves monitoring and evaluating feedback to


determine whether a system is moving toward the achievement of
its goal.
Environment
Boundaries and Interface
Information- Data that have been converted into a
meaningful and useful context for specific end users.
Feed Back & Control

INPUT Processor OUTPUT


Types of Systems
Abstract Systems: Every conceptual model is an abstract system, for example, traffic
system models and computer programs are both types of modeled systems. They can
be the product of identification, design or invention. Eg : Model of a Machine

Physical systems are systems based only on matter and energy. The elements (or
components) of a physical system interface enable the 'flow' of information, matter and
energy. Machine itself is a physical system

An open system has a discrete number of interfaces to allow the exchange of matter, energy or
information with its surrounding environment. Therefore, a system may be said to be any
assemblage which accepts an input, processes it, and produces an output. (see Information
Processor) That is, an open system has an external interface in which matter, energy,
information goes from outside to one or more internal element(s), which transduces this
input via the original or other element(s) (e.g., by passing it among internal elements via
internal interfaces), and an external interface through which results flow from some one or
more internal element(s) to outside the system. Eg; Marketing System is an Open System

A closed system is self-contained in such a way that outside events have no influence upon
the system. In this case there is no possible exchange of matter, energy or information with
the surrounding environment. Eg: Financial Accounting of an organization is a closed system
Information System
information system, an integrated set of components for
collecting, storing, and processing data and for delivering
information, knowledge, and digital products. Business
firms and other organizations rely on information systems
to carry out and manage their operations, interact with
their customers and suppliers, and compete in the
marketplace. For instance, corporations use information
systems to reach their potential customers with targeted
messages over the Web, to process financial accounts, and
to manage their human resources. Governments deploy
information systems to provide services cost-effectively to
citizens.
COMPONENTS OF AN INFORMATION
SYSTEM
PEOPLE RESOURCES
HARDWARE
SOFTWARE
DATA
NETWORKS
IT Hardware Software

People

Procedures Database

Physical Components of Information System


Components
All information systems use people, hardware, software,
data and network resources to perform input, processing,
output, storage and control activities that transform data
resources into information products. Following are the
information resources.
1. People. Users and operations are personal.
The users include all information users in
the organization and outside .The
operations personnel constitute the
people element of information system.
They include computer operators, systems,
analysts, programmers, data preparation
people, data administrator etc.
2. Hardware. Hardware includes the CPU,
input/output devices, storage devices,
communication equipments
3. Software: Software is the set of instructions to the
hardware and falls into two categories, system software and
application software
For eg: System software such as an operating system
program, which controls and supports the operations of a
computer system
Application software: which are programmes that direct
processing for a particular use of computers by end users.
For eg: Sales analysis programmes, a payroll programme
etc.
4.Data base: Data base is a collection of records logically related
and centrally controlled . It refers to the physical set of stored
data on tapes and disks.

5. Procedures: MIS for its effective functioning requires a set of


instructions to users, data preparation people and operating
personnel. These instructions are usually contained in users
manuals, instruction book etc.
Type of Information Systems
Office Automation System
Transaction Processing System
Decision Support System
Executive Information System
Expert System
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DECISION

MAKING
Model – a simplified representation or abstraction of
reality

IT systems in
an enterprise
TRANSACTION

PROCESSING SYSTEMS
Moving up users move from requiring transactional
information to analytical information

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