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Natural Language Processing Unit 1

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Natural Language Processing Unit 1

Uploaded by

amanbhardwaj8630
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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UNIT 1 AKTU

NATURAL LANGUAGE
PROCESSING
NATURAL LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING
Natural Language Understanding (NLU) refers to a subfield of artificial intelligence (AI) and natural
language processing (NLP) that focuses on enabling computers to understand, interpret, and
respond to human language in a way that is both meaningful and useful. It involves several complex
tasks that allow machines to grasp the intent, context, and semantics behind spoken or written
language.

here is a concise summary of Natural Language Understanding (NLU) in points:


• Syntax Analysis (Parsing): Breaks down sentences into grammatical components.
• Semantics: Understands the meaning of words and sentences.
• Contextual Understanding: Interprets meaning based on the broader context.
• Entity Recognition: Identifies and categorizes key elements (names, dates, etc.).
• Sentiment Analysis: Determines the emotional tone of text.
• Intent Recognition: Identifies the user's intention behind input.
• Coreference Resolution: Resolves which words/phrases refer to the same entity.
• Disambiguation: Resolves ambiguities based on context.
• Language Generation: Produces contextually relevant text
EXAMPLES OF NATURAL LANGUAGE UNDERSTANDING
1. Virtual Assistants:
1. Siri, Alexa, Google Assistant: Understanding voice commands like "What's the weather today?" or "Set a reminder for my meeting at 3 PM."
2. Customer Service Chatbots:
1. Support Bots: Interpreting customer queries such as "I need to reset my password" and providing relevant responses or actions.
3. Language Translation:
1. Google Translate: Translating phrases or sentences from one language to another while preserving the meaning.
4. Sentiment Analysis:
1. Social Media Monitoring: Analyzing tweets or Facebook posts to determine public sentiment towards a product or event.
5. Text Summarization:
1. News Aggregators: Summarizing lengthy news articles into concise summaries.
6. Entity Recognition:
1. Data Extraction: Extracting names, dates, locations from unstructured text documents for indexing or database entry.
7. Intent Recognition in Emails:
1. Email Categorization: Automatically categorizing emails into folders like "Promotions," "Social," "Updates," based on content.
8. Healthcare Applications:
1. Medical Record Analysis: Extracting important information from patient records and understanding medical terms and conditions.
9. E-commerce Platforms:
1. Product Search: Understanding user queries like "Show me red shoes under $50" to provide relevant search results.
10.Recommendation Systems:
1. Content Recommendations: Interpreting user preferences and recommending movies, books, or articles based on their interests and previous
behavior.
• These examples illustrate how NLU enables machines to interpret and respond to human language effectively across various
domains and applications
WHAT IS NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
Natural Language Processing (NLP) is a branch of artificial intelligence (AI) that focuses on the interaction
between computers and humans using natural language. It involves the development of algorithms and systems
that can process, analyze, and understand human language (both written and spoken). NLP encompasses a range
of tasks, including text analysis, speech recognition, machine translation, and more.
WHY IT IS NEEDED
Improves Interaction: Voice assistants (Siri, Alexa) and chatbots.
Automates Tasks: Email filtering and text summarization.
Enhances Search: Better search engine results and document analysis.
Language Translation: Machine translation.
Sentiment Analysis: Analyzing social media and customer feedback.
Content Recommendations: Personalized suggestions.
Data Extraction: Identifying entities in text.
Accessibility: Speech-to-text and text-to-speech.
Healthcare: Extracting info from medical records.
Education: Language learning and grammar checkers
WHAT IS THE APPLICATIONS OF NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
Virtual Assistants: Siri, Alexa, Google Assistant.
Chatbots: Customer service, sales support.
Language Translation: Google Translate, localization.
Text Analysis: Sentiment analysis, topic modeling.
Information Retrieval: Search engines, document summarization.
Speech Recognition: Speech-to-text systems, voice commands.
Text Generation: Auto-complete, language modeling.
Text Classification: Spam detection, sentiment classification.
Named Entity Recognition: Identifying names, dates, locations.
Information Extraction: Structured data extraction from text
PHASES IN NATURAL LANGUAGE PROCESSING
1 . Preprocessing Phase:
• Tokenization: Breaking text into tokens (words, phrases, symbols).
• Cleaning: Removing noise like special characters, punctuation, and stopwords.
• Normalization: Standardizing text, such as converting to lowercase
2.
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