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Number System

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15 views

Number System

Uploaded by

shabbir52ec
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Understand

ing Number
System
Presented By :
Burhanuddin
What Is Number
System ?
 A number system is defined as a
system of writing to express
numbers.
 It is the mathematical notation
for representing numbers of a
given set by using digits or other
symbols in a consistent manner.
 It provides a unique
representation of every number and
represents the arithmetic and
algebraic structure of the
figures.
 A number system is a way to
represent numbers.
 It defines a set of symbols and
rules for representing numbers.
 Essential for mathematics,
computing, and everyday life.
Types Of
Number Systems
 There are four main
types of number
systems:
 Decimal (Base 10)
 Binary (Base 2)
 Octal (Base 8)
 Hexadecimal (Base
16)
Decimal Number System
 Most common number system, used in everyday life.
 A number system which uses digits from 0 to 9 to represent
a number with base 10 is the decimal system number.
 The number is expressed in base-10 where each value is
denoted by 0 or first nine positive integers.
 Each value in this number system has the place value of
power 10.
 Example: 245 (in decimal)
Binary Number
System
 A binary number system is one of the
four types of number system.
 In computer applications, where
binary numbers are represented by
only two symbols or digits, i.e. 0
(zero) and 1(one).
 The binary numbers here are expressed
in the base-2 numeral system.
 For example, (101)2 is a binary
number.
Octal Number
System
 The octal number system is a number
system of base 8 which means that 8
different symbols are needed to
represent any number in the octal
system.
 The symbols are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6,
and 7.
 The smallest two-digit number in this
system is (10)8 ( 10 ) 8 which is
equivalent to decimal 8.
 Example: 345 (in octal)
Hexadecimal
Number System
 The hexadecimal number system is a type of
number system, that has a base value equal
to 16.
 It is also pronounced sometimes as 'hex’.
 Hexadecimal numbers are represented by
only 16 symbols.
 These symbols or values are 0, 1, 2, 3,
4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E and F.
 Each digit represents a decimal value.
 Example: 1A3 (in hexadecimal)
Conversion Methods
 Number system conversions deal
with the operations to change the
base of the numbers. For example,
to change a decimal number with
base 10 to binary number with base
2. We can also perform the
arithmetic operations like
addition, subtraction,
multiplication on the number
system.
Decimal to Binary
 Converting a decimal number to
binary is popularly done by dividing
the digit by 2 and writing out the
remainder aside.
 By repeatedly dividing a number by
two and recording the result,
decimal values can be transformed
into binary.
 Divide the number by 2.
 Get the integer quotient for the
next iteration.
Binary to Decimal
 Step-1 First we need to multiply 0
with 2 and add the 1st digit in
binary number.
 Step-2 Now use the result of above
step and multiply with 2 and add
the second digit of binary number.
 The same step 2 is repeated until
there will be no digit left.
 The final result will be the
resultant decimal number.
Binary to Octal
 Take the given binary number.
 Multiply each digit by 2n-1
where n is the position of the
digit from the decimal.
 The resultant is the
equivalent decimal number for
the given binary number.
Divide the decimal number by
8.
Binary to Hexadecimal
 Normally, you would see a
binary pattern, say 1101, and
add them in base-16. 8+4 = C,
and C+1 = D, so 1101 (binary)
= D (hexadecimal).
 Or if you have a hexadecimal
number, say FC9, you will do
the process in reverse.
 F = 8+4+2+1 and that is equal
to 1111 in binary.
Applications of Number Systems
 Different number systems are used in computers to represent and
manipulate data in different ways.
 For example, the binary number system is used to represent data
in a computer's memory and in communication between computer
devices, while the hexadecimal number system is often used in
computer programming.
 Decimal: Daily arithmetic, commerce.
 Binary: Computer operations, digital circuits.
 Octal and Hexadecimal: Programming, memory addressing, color
codes in web design.

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