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CC - Lect 3 4 - 2-01-24

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11 views15 pages

CC - Lect 3 4 - 2-01-24

Uploaded by

faiz.khan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CC Internal & External exam structure

Particular Marks converted Nature


marks
ISE 10 + 10 20 Moodle Test : 10 Marks
Group Pres. : 10 Marks
MID Sem-Th 30 20 Written
ESE- Th 100 60 Written
Total 150 100
Lecture: 3 & 4

Introduction to Distributed (System) Computing

H/w & S/w Concepts , Client server model

Date: 18-01-2024
Distributed computing:
Distributed computing involves the cooperation of two or more
machines communicating over a network. The machines
participating in the system can range from personal computers to
super computers; the network can connect machines in one
building or on different continents.
(IBM)
Client-server model

A common design of client/server systems uses three tiers:

A client that interacts with the user


An application server that contains the business logic of the application
A resource manager that stores data
What Is Distribute Systems?

There is no unique definition for distributed systems.


Similar terms are
• Networked system
• parallel systems
• Concurrent systems
• Decentralized systems
Construction of Distributed Systems

Units of A Distributed System:


• Units/Nodes (Computers, sensors, … )
• Network
• Software

network
Distribute Systems / Distributed Computing-
Introduction Scenario
Distributed Hardware

Physically shared memory


Physically distributed memory
processor processor processor
processor processor processor
Network memory memory memory

memory Network
Enslow’s Definition
Distributed System = Distributed software & hardware +
Distributed control + Distributed data

Distributed System Software & Hardware


• Cooperating the actions of units (computers, sensors, …)
• Supporting system resources (hardware and software)
sharing.
• Supporting data sharing.
Distributed Control
• Master/Slave (fixed/dynamic)
• Multi control points (homogenous/heterogeneous)

Distributed Data
• Copies: Processors hold data copies.
• Divided data: Data are divided and distributed to processors.
Goals of DC
• Boosting Performance
• Enhancing Reliability
• Scaling for the Future
• Resourceful Utilization
Features of Distributed Systems
• Resource sharing: hardware, software, data
• Openness: openness of main interface of the system,
scalability of the current system
• Concurrency: concurrent execution of the processes, high
performance, nice rate of price and performance (PC cluster
= poor man’s supercomputer )
• Fault tolerance: ability to tolerate the fault of system units,
availability( using potential redundancy to overcome the
system fault).
• Transparency: a distributed system can be looked as one
computer (access transparency, position transparency,
parallel transparency,….)
Distributed Computational models
• Processes: never mind in which unit they are.
• Communicating links: communication channels

Communication link
Computer
process
Thank You

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