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3 ComputerIntroduction

Uploaded by

hsahu14
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Fundamentals for Better

Communication Through Computer

.
What is Computer ?
 Computer is an electronic device.

 Can store large amounts of data.

 Can performing operations on data.

 Performing given function on the data & displays the

result as output.
 Process data whenever needed.

 Known from ‘to compute’


What is Process?
 Computer works on data as per programme is called

process.

 Processing means operations like…..

 Calculations,

 Logical decision making,

 Outputting data,

 Communicating with others computer etc.


History of Computers
 First(1945-1955): Used vacuum tubes. Were very large.
Generated immense heat. Very expensive.
 Second(1955-1965): Used transistors. Continued to be large and
expensive.
 Third(1965-1975): Used integrated circuits. Significant reduction
in size and cost
 Fourth(1975-1995): Uses Very Large Scale Integration. Desktop
computers would not have been possible
without VLSI. It used Microprocessor minimizing the
size of P.C.
 Fifth (in progress): Will provide us with Artificial intelligence. Also
called knowledge information processing
system
Characteristics of Computer

 Speed  Retrieving Data and


 Arithmetical and Programme

Logical Operations  Automation


 Accuracy  Versatility (Flexible)
 Reliability  Consistency

 Storage  Communications
Hardware/Software
 Computer Hardware
Parts of computer, which can be touch is called hardware.
(Physical Parts)
 Monitor
 CPU
 Key Board
 Mouse
 Speaker

 Computer Software
Parts of computer, which can not be touch is called software.

Operating System Software : Windows, MAC, Linux


Application Software : MS Office, Photoshop, Media Player
Internet Browser Software : Internet Explorer, Google Chrome,
Mozilla Firefox, etc.
Classification of Computers
 Personal computer :
 A single-user computer
 Can be useful at School, Home, etc.
 Known as Micro Computer
 Laptop, Desktop

 Workstation :
 A powerful, single-user computer.
 A workstation is like a personal computer, but it has a more
powerful microprocessor
 higher-quality monitor.
 Can be found in companies etc.
 Minicomputer
 A multi-user computer
 Capable of supporting from 10 to hundreds of users simultaneously.
 Can be found in banks, government departments etc.
 Mainframe
 A powerful multi-user computer
 Capable of supporting hundreds or thousands of users simultaneously .
 Supercomputer
 An extremely fast computer
 Can perform hundreds of millions of instructions per second
 Weather, scientific research can be done by these types of computer.
Applications of Computer
 Science research • Management aids

 Education • Engineering designing

 Business applications
• Road traffic control
• Railway
 Banking
• Medicine
 Office Automation
• Information services
 Desktop publishing
What is Internet

 Inter connection of many computers via network.

 Global connected through network (through LAN or WAN)

 To provide the various application services i.e. E-Mail, Usenet

(News), WWW, Telnet, FTP, etc


 At any time millions user connected to the internet from many

countries.
Uses of Internet
 Searching
 E-mail service
 Commercial Services
 Electronic books & Publication
 Video Conferencing
 Sharing data and results quickly
 Retrieving files & Program of all types
 Find information databases and tutorials
 News paper columns
 Banking
 Downloading / Uploading any information
 News, sports, stocks, music etc.
 Use of internet in various fields like education, Business, governance, etc.
 And many more ………………..
Useful Keys Internet
 Network: Connecting computers with each other For exchanging
information
 Client : It is a programme or computer for getting special

information from another compute.


 Server: It is a programme or computer, which gives information
to the client computer.
 Protocol: It’s a rules for connecting to the internet. (TCP/IP)
 Portal: It is a website. Known as a gateway of internet.

(Search engine)

31/05/2024 13
Router: It is a device, which decides where data will be send
(Network point)

www : World Wide Web

Browser: It is a programme which helps us to use internet

Website: Group of different web pages.

URL : Universal Resource Locator


Types of Website (Domain No.)

.com : Commercial organization


.net : Large Networks
.gov : Government organization
.org : non-profit making organization
.edu : educational organization
.mil : military organization
.in : India
.au : Australia
.us : United States
.uk : United Kingdom
Thank You

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