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7 QC Tools

Uploaded by

sursh
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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7 QC TOOLS ( Problem Solving )

Date: 24.11.2023
7 QC Tools Introduction
What is 7 QC Tools ?

 7 QC tools are systematic and scientific methods for Problem Solving Technique and they are used for Product and

Process Improvement. It is used to solve 90% of shop floor problems very easily and it improves our workplace.

From Where did the 7 QC Tools come?

 Primarily Dr.Kaoru Ishikawa introduced the 7 QC Tools.

 Ishikawa has known for the “Democratizing (Visual Aids/Symbols) Statistics”.

 Good visual aids make statistical and quality control more comprehensive.
7 QC Tools Introduction
Why we use The 7 QC Tools for Process Improvement?

 It is used to examine the production sequence, identify the key issues, control fluctuations of product quality,

and give solutions to avoid future defects.

 This facilitates the organization to resolve the basic problems.

 These 7 QC tools are easy to understand and implement and they do not need complex analytical/ statistical

competence, hence it is simple yet powerful.


7 QC Tools Introduction
What is the use of 7 QC Tools?

 It encourages the way of problem-solving and improvement.

 They are very simple to use but it is very powerful.

 It is a scientific approach for problem-solving.

 We can get an 80% result by applying 20% of the effort.

 Each tool has its own specialty for problem solving and analysis.

 It is very easy to understand, communicate, and use by the shop floor operator.
The 7 QC Tools

1. Flow Charts
2. Cause and Effect Diagram (Fishbone or Ishikawa)
3. Check sheet
4. Histogram
5. Pareto Chart
6. Scatter Diagram
7. Control Chart

Note: We are considering here the Flow chart in this article as a part of 7 Basic QC Tools. Also, you can
consider stratification as a part of this tool.
1.Flow Chart

 “It is a diagrammatic representation that illustrates the

sequence of operation to be performed to get the desired

result.”

 It is a visual representation tool for a sequence of operation,

therefore, we can easily illustrate the Internal and external

operational boundaries.
2. Cause and Effect Diagram (Fishbone or Ishikawa)

Fishbone diagram is also called as Cause and


Effect diagram and Ishikawa diagram. It
helps to Identify all possible potential causes
and select the real/best potential cause which
contributes to the problem/effect. The
brainstorming technique is used for potential
cause identification.
In a brainstorming session, all 4M or 6M
factors are taken into consideration to identify
the potential causes. 4M or 6M factors are –
Man, Machine, Method, Material,
Measurement, and Mother nature also called
Environment.
3. Check Sheet

The check sheet is used for collecting, recording, and analyzing


the data. Data collection is an important activity in the problem-
solving process as it provides a basis for further action. Data may
be numerical, observations and opinions, etc.
4. Histogram

Histogram is a pictorial representation of a set of data, and the


most commonly used bar graph for showing frequency
distributions of data/values. Histogram frequency distribution
chart is widely used in Six Sigma problem solving process.
Normal Distribution
Skewed Distribution
Double-Peaked or Bimodal
Plateau or Multimodal Distribution
Edge Peak Distribution
Comb Distribution
Truncated or Heart-Cut Distribution
Dog Food Distribution
4. Histogram Shapes
5. Pareto Chart
 "It is a bar graph arranged in descending order of height
from left to right”
 It is a graph that shows the order of the largest number of
occurrences by item or by classes and the cumulative sum
total.
 The Pareto analysis helps us to prioritize where we can get
more benefits by applying fewer efforts.
 It is also very popular as a prioritization tool.
 It communicates the principle of 80:20.
 The Pareto Principle gives us information about Vital few
from Trivial many, Hence, It is "Vital few from Trivial
many".
 It states that 80% of an effect comes from 20% of the
causes.
6. Scatter Diagram
A Scatter diagram is also known as
Correlation Chart, Scatter Plot, and Scatter
Graph. A Scatter graph is used to find out
the relationship between two variables. In
other words, it shows the relationship
between two sets of numerical data. Scatter
graph shows a Positive or Negative
correlation between two variables.
Independent variable data and dependent
Variable data are customarily plotted along
the horizontal X-axis and Vertical Y-axis
respectively. Independent variable is also
called controlled parameters.
7. Control Chart
A control chart is also known as the SPC chart or Shewhart
chart. It is a graphical representation of the collected
information/data and it helps to monitor the process
centering or process behavior against the specified/set
control limits.
A control chart is a very powerful tool to
Investigate/disclose the source of Process Variations
present in the manufacturing processes. Tells when to take
necessary action to eliminate the Common or Random or
Chance variations and Special causes of variations.
The control chart helps to measure and analyze the process
capability and performance (Cp and Cpk and Pp and
Ppk) of the production process.
THANK YOU

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