Unit 2

Organizational Excellence and Ethos

• 2.1 Role of human values in team building;
• 2.2 Organizational Excellence and Ethos;
• 2.3 Human values and leadership
• 2.4 Harmony in Human Relationship
• 2.5 Understanding the Harmony in Society
• 2.6 Significance of Harmony in Nature and Existence
• Organizational excellence is defined as the ongoing efforts to establish
an internal framework of standards and processes intended to engage
and motivate employees to deliver products and services that fulfill
customer requirements within business expectations.
• Organizational excellence can be associated with sustained prosperity.
 Role of human values in team building
• Great teams assists in achieving organisational goals.
• Great teams built on strength of the great values.
• Fine values contributes to the organisational growth and development.
• Team Building a crucial component.
• Assists in achieving the objectives of strengthening of organisation.
• Team building process needs constant evaluation also.
• Teams trained/ guided so that their performance can be measured.
• Evaluation of team building activities is to directly survey those who have participated.
• Team building activity fits into bigger picture of developing a vision of business and ask
the staff members to contribute to that.
• Each employee must feel that he or she is important part of the organisation
• Subsequently, they will be more willing to invest the time in various team building
activities.
 Team
• Team is a group that is organised to work together in accomplishing the set
objectives which cannot be achieved effectively by individuals.
• Group of people work together for accomplishing a common goal.
• In case of actual practices, team structures are often complicated and people
can be members of several teams at the same time.
• Teams differ from groups, as in case of teams, there is interdependence among
the organisational principles.
• A team can also be called as members that comprise of the work which is
carried out in the execution of the set tasks.
 Characteristics of Teams
Participative Leadership: Enables people to make choices. Members are
united in teams through shared values and shared norms.
Aligned on Purpose and Vision: Teams need shared purpose and a clearly shared
vision among them so that they have self-directing and high morale teams. Helps in
aligning with the personal goals of members.
Teams should be Task Focused:
Shared responsibility:
Problem solving: Teams confront issues for solutions.
Innovativeness: This trait assists in staying ahead of the competitors.
Communication: Effective communication reduces conflict and
misunderstandings Responsive: Among the team and other groups of
individuals who come in direct contact with the teams.
Types of teams

Lead Teams

Cross Functional Teams

Problem Solving Teams

Self Managing Teams

• Lead teams:
• Most usual type of team, found in every organisation.
• Consists of managers and direct subordinates.
• Strong hierarchy in this type.
• Goal- plan and execute the business plan in the specified area of responsibility.
• Cross-functional teams: These types of teams are put together by taking
personnel from different functional areas and then the team works for achieving
the objectives. Here, the functional areas of personnel are inter-dependent.
• Problem-solving teams: these teams are constituted to solve a specific problem
which an organisation can confront. Members can be taken from different
departments.
• Self-managing teams: these teams are also known as empowered teams and
those teams are a group of voluntary members who meet frequently on solving
any organisational problems.
 Manners of team building
Provide job opportunities to employees in different departments: Employees should be
placed in different sections and departments of the company. For fostering the team
building among the departments, the cross departments job shadowing should be tried.
The marketing department can host a few employees from the finance department and
the product department can host some employees of public relations department. By
adopting such methods, the various departments will help staff members and gain a
better understanding of each part of the working of the company.
Hold Company sponsored lunches: Improve workplace morale and provides a chance to
interact with other team members. Sharing of a meal encourages the employees to talk
and to know each other better.
Have employees volunteer together: Selfless service must be encouraged among the
employees. It helps in raising the image of the company among community and also
helps in building the team connections.
Get fit together and plan an employee health initiative: A company wide walking plan
has important health benefits. Give everyone pedometers and let them track their waling
each day for a month. Encourage employees fro group walks during the lunch breaks
 Building the ethical winning teams
• Team building is the process of forming, growing and improving the knowledge,
skills and attitude among the individuals so that the various needs and abilities are
integrated into the high performance team.
• Every team leader has to learn about the team building through proper training.
• It is both science and art because there are scientific studies that have shown path
for building effective teams.
• And the application of the knowledge remains with the skills of the team leader.
• Leaders have to use their own skills to keep their teams at high levels of
performance and ethical conduct.
Recruiting right people: recruiting and hiring of the talented person who will work together,
develop a shared vision and commitment. The leaders must encourage positive informal
interactions among the group members. There is also need to study the reverse actions of the team
building process like jealousy, and defensive behaviour. A leader needs to show people the : Vision
for future, Strategy, Reason for choosing that strategy, Every achievement that the team is winning
Physical meeting of team members: Helps in building up an effective team. The team leaders can
provide formal and informal forums like parties and celebrations. Active participation
Getting people to work together: One of the most difficult parts in building a winning team is
encouraging positive, informal interaction among the team members when the team leader is not
present. The team members should try to arrange proximity of offices and should arrange formal
and informal meetings of members of the team.
• Checking negative influences: Responsibility of the Team Leader. Problems among the team
members are jealousy, cynicism and lack of confidence. Team building process needs constant
evaluation also. Evaluate the team building activities by survey those who have participated. Each
team building activity should fit into bigger picture of developing a vision of your business.
Employees should feel being an important part of the organisation as a whole. Then, they will be
more willing to invest the time in various team building activities. Workplace culture can be hard
to change.
 Essentials of team building
• In order to build great teams, we have to take certain essential steps which are discussed below:
• Developing shared values for team building Inspiring of great values in the team makes it more
effective and efficient. For developing of a high performing team, a leader must collaboratively
develop the set of shared values.
• Without shared values, the sustained high performance is impossible. In case of the high
performance teams, each and every member of the team is aware about the shared values.
• Policies don’t tell you what to do. The boss often isn’t there to help you decide. But the values
guide the behaviour. For a team, the shared values are their moral and operational compasses/
shared values are the core beliefs that guide the behavior of the group.
• Examining the shared values of the organisation to which the team belongs.
• Assembling of the group of ten to twelve volunteers who are willing to help in drafting the team’s shared
values.
• Firstly, the volunteers shall be asked to share the first draft with other team members, customers and
suppliers and other departments of the organisations.
• Then, meetings shall be held with other stakeholder groups and these steps are repeated till the redraft of
the shared values is made.
• Reconvene the original group of volunteers and redraft the shred values as appropriate as often as you must
until a clear consensus is emerging around the team’s shared values.
• Make the shared values a part of day to day actions of the team.
 Teams and value system
• Respect for elders
• Relationship orientation
• Security
• Hierarchy
• Trust
• Faithfulness
• Self-restrain
• Love
• Truth
• God fear
• Fairness
• Honesty
• Cooperation
• Obedience
• Commitment
• Dignity
• Human worth
• Peace loving
• Tolerance
Pre-requisites of team building
• Team building needs a purpose which is recognised by both its members and the organisation
which it represents.
• The purpose should be in congruence with the mission and vision of the business.
• Specific functions should be determined from starting.
• It is team that identifies the problems and then tries to seek it out.
• It s crucial to pinpoint the individuals and the set of competencies need for building the team.
• A set of guidelines should be formulated in order to ensure the team building to future team
restructuring.
• The level of authority and control should also be granted to the teams and that level of
aithrotiy should be agreed by the business stakeholders.
• The category to which the team fits should also be ascertained.
• The team structure should be made unambiguous.
 Concluding Remarks
• Human beings are social people and they have lived since ancient times in groups.
• Susequently, people worked in teams in hunting and in gathering food.
• In present times also, for the survival of mankind people live in groups
• Team is a group which work together in accomplishing the set objectives which cannot be achieved by individuals.
• Thus, team being a group of people work together for accomplishing a common goal. When we talk about the
actual practices, team structures are often complicated and people can be members of several teams at the same
time.
• Teams are different from groups, as in case of teams, there is interdependence among the organisational principles.
• The teams help in achieving the organisational goals in proper manner.
• Various opportunities can be taken advantage of through great teams. In order to built a great team, there is need
to apply the team building process. This could be done by infusing the values and norms in the teams.
• The team building activities ranges from having few co-workers to an office get together.
• Each team has its own diverse group of people, so the way one team works differ from the other one.
• The effectiveness of the teams differs substantially from one organisation to another. Team building process needs
constant evaluation also. For this the teams should be trained and guided properly so that their performance can
be measured. The only way to successfully evaluate the team building activities is to directly survey those who have
participated in it
• Workplace culture can be hard to change so, few different approaches to allow small changes in the culture.
• Communication in the teams is also taken on the basis of all the values and information to all the members of the
 2.2 Organizational Excellence and Ethos
• Organizational excellence is defined as the ongoing efforts to
establish an internal framework of standards and processes
intended to engage and motivate employees to deliver products and
services that fulfill customer requirements within business
expectations. It is the achievement by an organization of consistent
superior performance—for example, outputs that exceed meeting
objectives, needs, or expectations.
• An organization is a group aggregated and combined under
specific leadership to function as a single entity for a particular
purpose.
• Excellence is a measure of consistently superior performance that
surpasses requirements and expectations without demonstrating
significant flaws or waste.
Attributes of organizational
excellence
• Leadership
• Strategic planning
• Customer and market focus
• Measurement, analysis and knowledge
management
• Human resources/workforce focus
• Process management
• Business results
• Organizational excellence is often the result of transitional
and transformational activities. Successful organizational
outcomes require deliberate management and improvement
in six key areas:
1.Information: Metrics, measures, and decision support
2.Structure: Roles, responsibilities, and accountabilities of
each functional area
3.People: Total human capital within the organization
4.Rewards: Compensation and incentives
5.Learning systems: Knowledge and training
6.Work processes: Interaction and linkage of workflows
 2.3 Human values and leadership
• Values are the underlying beliefs that guide decisions, actions and shape careers.
• Leadership values are a subset of those values that positively influence one's ability to lead
effectively or be a 'good leader. ’
• A leader is much more than a manager.
• A leader has a vision, values and principles, he relies on ideas and people while a manager has
operational plans, policies, rules, procedures and he relies on" process & system.
• However as theories of motivation change the manager has to become a leader.
• More than the four sources of power i.e. reward, coercive, legitimate & expert he has to rely
more & more on referent power.
• The management gurus have found out that no one trait is common to all effective leaders and
no one style is effective in all situations.
• So a leader has to invent himself anew in every situation.
• The future of leadership points to charismatic or transformational leadership where one can
raise the need level of the team to higher order needs like self actualization according to
western thinking.
• A leader has to inspire followers but a question remains how to get a Gandhi and avoid a Hitler.
• Effective leaders demonstrate their values by
• Talking
• Explaining
• Showing
Internalising human values
• Leadership behaviour or character?
• Indian model of leadership is Rajarshi consider Buddha, Chandragupta, Shivaji, Guru Govinda
Singh, Shankaracharya and Vivekananda.
• All had high - minded pursuit of self-restraint, self control, self sacrifice and renunciation.
• They possessed high order character founded on authentic spiritual values laying at the core of
their charisma.
• Thereby they had attained inward freedom with its concomitant love.
• All this was transparent. Hence the masses were inspired to great heights of self discipline and
selflessness for causes loftier than their own little selves.
• If wealth is lost nothing is lost
• If health is lost something is lost
• If character is lost everything is lost.
Towards wisdom leadership

• The Indian value system towards wisdom leadership depends on the sadhana or practice done on three fronts
Dharma, Karma and Gunas.
• The first order pair of life goals in Indian tradition are Abhyudaya (prosperity) and Nishreyasa (ultimate
consummation) while vast majority is expected to graduate from abhuyadaya to nihsreyasa yet there is a
scope to go directly to second.
• Abhyudaya comprises three purusharthas Dharma, Artha, Kama and they constitute foundation of first two
ashramas or phases of life Brahmacharya & Grihastha.
• Dharma or right conduct is the causal variable, while Artha (economic means) is a resultant value helping to
fulfill moderate and legitimate desires (Kama).
• Moksha the fourth purushartha implies experiencing ultimate reality and Vanaprastha and Sannyasa ashrama
are meant to pursue this value.
Wisdom leadership constitutes:
• Two parts of being, one looking at and witnessing & knowing, while the other
executive and instrumental & doing. If you are conscious this gives not only
freedom but power.
• 2) Ethical work and not creative work.
• 3) Purifying work and not meaningful work.
• 4) Yogah karmasu kaushalam, true skill of work is yoga.
• 5) Samatvam yoga uchyate, yoga is the psychological state of inner poise &
equality. Cultivate state of equality towards all existential dualities like victory &
defeat gain & loss, happiness & sorrow.
• 6) Daily routine of meditation compose decompose recompose cycle.
• 7) Daily prayers tuning into higher consciousness.
• 8) Practice what you preach.
• 9) Self respect & respect for others go hand in hand.
• 10) How to be a good follower.
2.5 Understanding the Harmony in Society

• Harmony in society refers to a state of cooperation and mutual

understanding between individuals and groups, characterized by a lack
of conflict and a sense of unity and stability.
• It involves the balance and coordination of diverse interests, values,
and beliefs to create a cohesive and functional community.
• Harmony is usually identified as a human value, referring
to compatibility and accord in feelings, actions, relationships,
opinions, interests, etc. It denotes a state of balance among forces
influencing and even opposing one another.
What is Desirable and Where are we today?
• Families living together, in a relationship of mutual fulfillment
(common goal). Ex- Society
• People living together, but not in relationship of mutual fulfillment
(differing goals). Ex- Crowd
• People living separately, in opposition / struggle (conflicting goals). Ex-
Battlefield
2.6 Significance of Harmony in Nature and Existence

• The term "Harmony with Nature" refers to a principle of amicable and

holistic co-existence between humanity and nature. It is used in
several contexts, most prominently in relation to sustainable
development and the rights of nature, both aimed at addressing
anthropogenic environmental crises