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JDBC-Lecture 1

The document provides an introduction to JDBC including its history, driver types, and how it maintains connections to databases. The four driver types - JDBC-ODBC bridge, native, network, and pure Java - are described along with their advantages and disadvantages.

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Nidhi Gupta
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9 views

JDBC-Lecture 1

The document provides an introduction to JDBC including its history, driver types, and how it maintains connections to databases. The four driver types - JDBC-ODBC bridge, native, network, and pure Java - are described along with their advantages and disadvantages.

Uploaded by

Nidhi Gupta
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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FULL STACK WEB

DEVELOPMENT WITH JAVA


LECTURE-1
( I N T R O D U C T I O N TO J D B C )
Introduction To JDBC
 Unofficial full-form of JDBC is Java Database Connectivity.

 It is an API used for connecting programs written in Java with the


Relational Database.

 Programs developed with Java/JDBC are platform and vendor


independent.
Introduction To JDBC
Some Popular RDBMS

 Some of the most popular RDBMS are:

 Oracle

 MySQL

 MS SQL Server

 SQLite

 PostgreSQL

 IBM DB2

and many more


The Market Leader
Introduction To JDBC
History And Edition

• JDBC is maintained by JavaSoft, a sister concern of Oracle.

• It was released as a part of JDK 1.1 and was called JDBC 1.0.

• Later in 2006 , with Java 6, JDBC 4.0 was released

• Java SE 9 includes the latest version of JDBC called JDBC 4.3


How JDBC Maintains
Connection To The Database ?

• JDBC communicates with the database using a special set of


classes called Driver classes .

• These Driver classes perform the real communication with the


database in it’s native form.

• Further to manage these Driver classes the JDBC API provides


another top level class called DriverManager
How JDBC Maintains
Connection To The Database ?
JDBC Driver Types

 Today, there are four types of JDBC drivers in use:

Type 1: JDBC-ODBC bridge Driver.

Type 2: Native Driver.

Type 3: Network API Driver

Type 4: Pure Java Driver


JDBC-ODBC Bridge Driver

• The JDBC-ODBC bridge driver uses ODBC driver to connect to the


database.

• ODBC stands for Open Database Connectivity and is a Microsoft


technology

• The JDBC-ODBC bridge driver converts JDBC method calls into


the ODBC function calls.
Architecture
JDBC-ODBC Bridge

 A type 1 JDBC driver consists of a Java part that translates the


JDBC interface calls to ODBC calls.

 An ODBC bridge then calls the ODBC driver of the given


database i.e. the driver converts JDBC method calls into ODBC
function calls.

 Sun provides a JDBC-ODBC Bridge driver:


sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver.
Continued
JDBC-ODBC Bridge

Advantage:

 Can be used to connect with variety of databases.

 No installation required as it comes bundled with JDK.

Continued
JDBC-ODBC Bridge

Disadvantage:

 This is the slowest driver.

 Since it is a Microsoft technology so our Java application can


use it only when it runs on Windows platform.

 It only supports basic SQL types like varchar2,number,date


but doesn’t supports advanced types like BLOB,CLOB etc

Continued
Native Driver

• A type 2 JDBC driver is like a type 1 driver, except the ODBC part is
replaced with a native code part instead.

• The native code part is targeted at a specific database product i.e.


uses the client-side libraries of the database product.

• The driver converts JDBC method calls into native calls of the
database native API.
Architecture
Native Driver

Advantage:

 This architecture eliminated the need for the ODBC driver.

 Directly calls the native client libraries shipped by the


database vendors

Continued
Native Driver

Disadvantage:

 This is not pure java solution.

 Although it is faster than type 1 driver but performance is still


slow because it uses JNI technology for native calls

Continued
Network Driver

• A type 3 JDBC driver is an all Java driver that sends the JDBC
interface calls to an intermediate server.

• The intermediate server then connects to the database on behalf


of the JDBC driver.

• The middle-tier (application server) converts JDBC calls directly or


indirectly into the vendor-specific database protocol.
Architecture
Network Driver

Advantage:

 Type 3 drivers sought to be a 100% Java solution.

 Type 3 drivers had a Java client component and a Java server


component, where the latter actually talked to the database.

Continued
Network Driver

Disadvantage:

 Although this was technically a full Java solution, the


database vendors did not like this approach as it was costly –
they would have to rewrite their native client libraries which
were all C/C++.

 In addition, this didn’t increase the architectural efficiency as


we are really still a 3 tier architecture

Continued
Pure Java Driver

 It is also called thin driver or vendor specific driver.

 This is because it converts JDBC calls directly into the vendor


specific database protocol.

 Moreover it is fully written in Java language.

Continued
Architecture
Advantage And Disadvantage

ADVANTAGE:

 Better performance

 No middleware is needed while connecting to the database.

DISADVANTAGE:

 Drivers are dependent on database.

 There is a separate driver for each database.

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