READING

AND THINKING
STRATEGIES ACRO
SS TEXT TYPES
B. Techniques in Selecting and
Organizing Information
- Content Standard: The learner realizes
that information in a written text may
be selected and organized to achieve
a particular purpose.
- Performance Standard: The
learner critiques a chosen sample of each
pattern of development focusing on
information selection, organization, and
development.
- Learning Competency: The learner distinguishes
between and among techniques in selecting and
organizing information (EN11/12RWS-IIIa-2)
a. brainstorming list (EN11/12RWS-IIIa-2.1)
b. graphic organizer (EN11/12RWS-IIIa-2.2)
c. topic outline (EN11/12RWS-IIIa-2.3 )
d. sentence outline (EN11/12RWS-IIIa-2.4)
Check Your Knowledge!

- How do you organize your ideas?

Check Your Knowledge!

- Write the ideas that would occur in

your mind about “gadgets”.
Check Your Knowledge!

- Write the ideas that would occur in

your mind about “superheroes”.
Check Your Knowledge!

- Write the ideas that would occur in

your mind about “superstitious
beliefs”.
Basic Stages of Writing
1. Prewriting
2. Drafting
3. Revising
4. Editing
5. Publishing
Defining Prewriting

- this is the first stage of the writing

process
Defining Prewriting

- it is simply generating ideas or tapping

on background knowledge based on
the topic to be developed into a
composition
Defining Prewriting

- it pertains to different techniques that

help you discover ideas before writing
Defining Prewriting

- it begins with knowing the kind of

paper that you will be required to
write
Defining Prewriting

- the next thing to do is to determine the

writing situation or the context of
your assignment
Things to consider in
Prewriting
- purpose
- audience
- topic
- tone
Purpose
- this is the reason why you are writing
- you begin to make decisions about
form, content, length, organization,
support, and tone
Audience
- this is the target reader
- you must recognize who your readers
are and anticipate their expectations,
background, and knowledge of the
topic
Topic
- this is the subject or the specific issue
that your paper will discuss
Tone
- this refers to attitudes and feelings
you want your writing to reflect
toward your purpose, topic, audience,
and yourself
 a. brainstorming list

Techniques in
Selecting and b. graphic organizer

Organizing
Information c. topic outline

d. sentence outline
BRAINSTORMING
LIST
Brainstorming List

- It is the listing of ideas based on the

given topic.
Brainstorming List

- The primary aim of this technique is to

collect as many ideas as possible which
will be sorted, organized, and used in the
writing process.
Brainstorming List

- Generally, a brainstorming session

starts by having a facilitator, group
leader, and participants.
Brainstorming List

- Students draw their ideas from the

topic and list down important points
of a discussion.
Brainstorming List

- Make sure not to criticize during

brainstorming, to create a free and
open environment.
Brainstorming List

- Each written item may be marked as

important or irrelevant.
Topic: Title of Literature
Listing: Inferno by Dan Brown,
Percy Jackson and the Olympians by
Rick Riordan,
The Five People You Meet in Heaven
by Mitch Albom
Five Strategies of Brainstorming
1. Cubing
2. Freewriting
3. Listing
4. Mapping
5. Researching
Cubing
- an idea is examined from six
distinction viewpoints
Cubing

a. Describe the topic

(What is it?)
b. Compare and contrast it
(What is it like or how is it different?)
Cubing

c. Associate it with something

(What does it remind you of?)
d. Analyze it
(What are its parts?)
Cubing

e. Apply it
(In what ways can it be utilized?)
f. Argue for or against it
(In what ways can you support or
oppose it?)
Freewriting
- writing down your thoughts nonstop in
full sentences for a predetermined
amount of time
- it allows someone to work without
inhibitions
Listing
- is a process of producing a lot of
information within a short time by
generating some broad ideas and then
building on those associations for more
detail with a bullet point list
Mapping (Mind/Idea)
- also called webbing or clustering
- is a strategy that allows you to explore the
relationships between ideas
Mapping (Mind/Idea)
- the center contains the main topic and
then relevant key ideas and supporting
points are clustered around it
Researching
- search from the library or websites and
make a list or map of the new ideas
- write the main topic and write down all
related concepts below it
GRAPHIC
ORGANIZER
Graphic Organizer

- These are visual representations of

concepts that help us structure
information into organizational
patterns.
Graphic Organizer

- It presents essential information and

connect these pieces of information
into a coherent framework.
Graphic Organizer

- It is used to show the relationship

between and among facts, concepts,
or ideas using visual symbols.
Graphic Organizer

- It helps you increase recall, arrange

information, interpret and
understand learning.
Graphic Organizer

- The main purpose of a

graphic organizer is to provide a
visual aid to facilitate learning and
instruction.
 Common Graphic Organizers
1. Venn Diagram
– this shows the common
characteristics of two ideas or
concepts
 Common Graphic Organizers
1. Venn Diagram
– this diagram uses two or more
overlapping circles to show similar
and different attributes
 Common Graphic Organizers
2. KWL Chart
K – What I KNOW,
W – What I WANT TO KNOW, and
L – What I LEARNED
 Common Graphic Organizers
2. KWL Chart
– this helps students organize
information before, during, and after a
lesson
 Common Graphic Organizers
3. Topic Generators
– allow students to think of
associated topics based on the main
topic or central idea
 Common Graphic Organizers
3. Topic Generators
– an example of this is Clustering and
Concept Mapping
 Common Graphic Organizers
4. Series of Events Chain
– shows the arrangement of events in
chronological order
 Common Graphic Organizers
4. Series of Events Chain
– Plot Diagram and Story Map are
examples of this
 Common Graphic Organizers
5. Flow Chart
– this displays the steps or stages in a
process
 Common Graphic Organizers
6. Cycle – this describes how a series
of events interact to produce a set of
results repeatedly
 Common Graphic Organizers
6. Cycle – some examples of events
that require a cycle are water cycle,
metamorphosis, poverty cycle, etc.
 Common Graphic Organizers
7. Network Tree – this is used to
represent hierarchy, classification, and
branching
 Common Graphic Organizers
7. Network Tree – it is useful in
showing relationships of scientific
categories, family trees, positions in
organizations, and even lineages
 Common Graphic Organizers
8. Spider Map (Semantic Map)
– this is used to investigate and
enumerate various aspects of a central
idea, which could be a concept, topic,
or theme
 Common Graphic Organizers
8. Spider Map (Semantic Map)
– the central idea is placed at the center
of the map while the
main idea is placed along its diagonal
line
 Common Graphic Organizers
9. Problem-Solution Map
– this displays the nature of the
problem and how it can be solved
 Common Graphic Organizers
9. Problem-Solution Map
– this map usually contains the
problem’s description, its causes and
effects, and logical solution/s
 Common Graphic Organizers
10. Timeline – used to show how
events occurred chronologically
through a long bar labeled with dates
and specific events
OUTLINING
Outline
- It provides a rapid grasp of the
fundamental aspects of an entire
expository piece.
Outline
- An outline arranges ideas hierarchically
(showing which are main and which are
sub-points), in the desired sequence and
shows what will be talked about.
Two Forms of Outline:

1. Topic Outline
2. Sentence Outline
Topic Outline

- topic (scratch) outline

- contains words and phrases
Topic Outline

- this type of framework is sufficient for

short papers
- DO NOT place periods after any of
the points in a topic sentence
Example of Topic Outline
I. Positive effects of uniform policy
A. Promotes school identity
B. Improves school security
II. Negative effects of uniform policy
A. Inhibits learning
B. Curtails individuality
Sentence Outline

- sentence (formal) outline

- consists of complete sentences
Sentence Outline

- use this outline when the topic being

discussed is complicated and requires
details
Example of Sentence Outline
I. Students should not be mandated to
wear uniforms because wearing a
uniform does not improve behavior nor
does it facilitate learning.
Example of Sentence Outline
II. Wearing a uniform does
not improve behavior.
A. Van de Laan confirms
that wearing a uniform does not
have direct positive impact on
behavior.
Example of Sentence Outline
B. Dr. Wallin confirms that the
perceived positive impact of uniforms
on students’ behavior is just a halo
effect.
Example of Sentence Outline
III. Wearing a uniform does not facilitate
learning.
A. A study of Seamon (1995) shows
that there is weak connection between
academic performance and
uniform policy.
Example of Sentence Outline
B. Dr. Badger (2008) claims that a
standardized uniform policy does not
improve school performance.
C. Dr. Brunsma (2006) confirms that
there is no positive correlation between
wearing a uniform and academic
achievement.
Example of Sentence Outline
IV. On top of being insensitive to the
individuality of students, implementing a
uniform policy does not have useful
advantages as well, as it does not present
sufficient evidence that links to
positive influence on students’ behavior
and academic performance.
Two Formats of Outlining:

1. Number-Letter Format
(Alphanumeric Outline Format)
2. Decimal Outline Format
Number-Letter Format
(Alphanumeric Outline Format)
I. Main Heading/Main Idea
A. Subheading/Minor Idea
1. Supporting Details (Expanding Ideas)
2. Supporting Details (Expanding Ideas)
II. Main Heading/Main Idea
A. Subheading/Minor Idea
1. Supporting Details (Expanding Ideas)
a. Example
Decimal Outline Format

1. Main Heading/Main Idea

1.1 Subheading/Minor Idea
1.1.1 Supporting Details (Expanding Ideas)
1.1.2 Supporting Details (Expanding Ideas)
2. Main Heading/Main Idea
2.1 Subheading/Minor Idea
2.2.1 Supporting Details (Expanding Ideas)
2.1.1.1 Example
There are four principles that need to be
followed in making an effective outline:

1. coordination,
2. subordination,
3. division, and
4. parallel construction.
Principle of Coordination

- requires ideas of the same

relevance to be labeled in the same
way
Principle of Subordination

- shows that minor details have to be

placed under their respective major
details
Principle of Division

- requires that no cluster should

contain only one item
Principle of Division

- in short, if you have subheading 1,

there should be subheading 2
Principle of Parallel Construction

- requires all entries in each cluster to

use the same structure and format
References:
- Barrot, J. (2016). Selecting and organizing information. Academic Reading and Writing for Senior
High School. Quezon City: C&E Publishing, Inc., pp. 33-60.
- Jose, L. & Larioque, R. (2016). Techniques in selecting and organizing information. Reading and
Writing Skills. Mandaluyong City: Books Atbp. Publishing Corp.
- Malata, J. et al. (2018). Techniques in selecting and organizing information. Reading and Writing
Skills. Quezon City: Ibon Foundation, Inc.
- Sandagan, L. (2016). Techniques for selecting and organizing information. Reading and Writing
Skills. Pasay City: JFS Publishing Services.
- Tiongson, M. & Rodriguez, M. (2016). Using pre-writing strategies. Reading and Writing Skills.
Quezon City: Rex Book Store, Inc.
- Techniques IN Selecting AND Organizing Information, Module - TECHNIQUES IN SELECTIN
G AND ORGANIZING - Studocu
Any questions?
THANK YOU!
ASSIGNMENT
-bring the following tomorrow:

1 whole manila paper

marker
ACTIVITY: Directions
-The class will be divided into five (5)
groups.
-Each group will use 1 whole manila
paper and marker in accomplishing the
task.
ACTIVITY: Directions
-From the list of techniques/ strategies
in selecting and organizing information
choose one that the group prefers to use
to show the ideas and concept related
to the given topic.
ACTIVITY: Directions
-Topics will be given according to the
corresponding group number.
-Below is the list of topics that will be
assigned for each group:
ACTIVITY: List of Topics
GROUP 1.
My First Day in School
GROUP 2.
Importance of Education
ACTIVITY: List of Topics
GROUP 3.
Tips for a Healthy Lifestyle
GROUP 4.
Preserving Mother Earth
ACTIVITY: List of Topics
GROUP 5.
Instilling Discipline Among the Youth
QUIZ #3
20 items
Test 1. Multiple Choice
Directions: Read and analyze each
statement carefully. Choose the letter of
the correct answer. (USE CAPITAL
LETTERS ONLY)
A – if only the first statement is correct

B – if only the second statement is

correct
C – if both statements are correct
D – if both statements are incorrect
1.)
I. Topic is the reason why you are writing.
II. Purpose is the subject or the specific
issue that your paper will discuss.
2.)
I. The primary aim of brainstorming list
is to collect as many ideas as possible.
II. The main purpose of a graphic organizer
is to provide a visual aid.
3.)
I. In cubing, an idea is examined from six
distinction viewpoints.
II. Freewriting allows someone to work
with inhibitions.
4.)
I. Organizational chart is an example of
series of events chain.
II. Plot diagram is an example of topic
generator.
5.)
I. In concept map, the center contains the
main topic and then relevant key ideas and
supporting points are clustered around it.
II. In spider map, the central idea is placed
at the center of the map while the main idea is
placed along its diagonal line.
6.)
I. Flow chart displays the steps or stages in
a process.
II. KWL chart uses two or more
overlapping circles to show similar and
different attributes.
7.)
I. Timeline shows how events occurred
chronologically through a long bar labeled with
dates and specific events.
II. Cycle shows the arrangement of
events in chronological order.
8.)
I. There are five strategies in brainstorming.
II. There are four principles in making an
effective outline.
9.)
I. Principle of division requires ideas of
the same relevance to be labeled in the same
way.
II. Principle of subordination shows that
minor details must be placed under their
respective major details.
10.)
I. A topic outline is a scratch outline that
contains words and phrases.
II. A sentence outline is a formal outline
that contains complete sentences.
Test 2. Identification
Directions: Identify what graphic
organizer is described in each number.
(USE CAPITAL LETTERS ONLY)
11.) It displays the nature of the problem
and how it can be solved
12.) Describes how a series of events
interact to produce a set of results
repeatedly
13.) Shows the common characteristics
of two ideas or concepts, comparing
similar and different attributes
14.) This is used to represent hierarchy,
classification, and branching
15.) Helps students organize
information before, during, and after a
lesson
16.) Shows the arrangement of events in
chronological order; an example of this is
a story map
17.) Displays the steps or stages in a
process
18.) It shows how events occurred
chronologically through a long bar
labeled with dates and specific events
19.) Also called as semantic map
20.) Examples of this are clustering and
concept mapping
QUIZ #3 – KEY TO CORRECTIONS

Test I. Multiple Choice

Items 1-10
Quiz #3 – Key to Corrections

1. D 6. A
2. C 7. A
3. A 8. C
4. D 9. B
5. B 10. C
QUIZ #3 – KEY TO CORRECTIONS

Test II. Identification

Items 11-20
Quiz #3 – Key to Corrections

11. PROBLEM-SOLUTION MAP

12. CYCLE
13. VENN DIAGRAM
14. NETWORK TREE
15. KWL CHART
Quiz #3 – Key to Corrections

16. SERIES OF EVENTS CHAIN

17. FLOW CHART
18. TIMELINE
19. SPIDER WEB
20. TOPIC GENERATORS
ACTIVITY: List of Topics
GROUP 1.
How Nationalism Can Bring Our
Country to Progress
GROUP 2.
My First Day in School
ACTIVITY: List of Topics
GROUP 3.
Effects of Procrastination on Student’s
Academic Performance
GROUP 4.
Importance of Education
ACTIVITY: List of Topics
GROUP 5.
How Love Works Wonders in Life
GROUP 6.
Tips for a Healthy Lifestyle
ACTIVITY: List of Topics
GROUP 7.
Preserving Mother Earth
GROUP 8.
Instilling Discipline Among the Youth