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Database Models 3

The document discusses different database models including hierarchical, network, entity-relationship, relational, and object-oriented models. It provides details on each model such as their structure, examples, advantages and disadvantages.

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shiva “sarthaksansar” bhusal
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© © All Rights Reserved
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10 views

Database Models 3

The document discusses different database models including hierarchical, network, entity-relationship, relational, and object-oriented models. It provides details on each model such as their structure, examples, advantages and disadvantages.

Uploaded by

shiva “sarthaksansar” bhusal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Database Models

• Hierarchical Model
•Network Model
•Entity- Relationship Model
•Relational Model
•Object oriented Model
Data Models
The data models gives us an idea of how the final
system would look after it has been fully implemented.
It specifies the data items as well as the relationship
between them
In DBMS data models are often used to show how the
data is connected, stored, accessed and changed
Hierarchical Model
Database model
Data are stored in forms of records and organized in
forms of tree structure
It have one parent nodes and many child nodes
Eg of Hierarchial model

Root(parent)

Node (child Node 2


node) (child

Child node Child node Child node


Advantage of hierarchical
It is very simple and fast to traverse through a tree-like
structure.
Any change in the parent node is automatically reflected in
the child node so, the integrity of data is maintained.
Complex relationships are not supported.
As it does not support more than one parent of the child
node so if we have some complex relationship where a
child node needs to have two parent node then that can't
be represented using this model.
If a parent node is deleted then the child node is
automatically deleted.
Disadvantages of Hierarchical Model

Complex relationships are not supported.


As it does not support more than one parent of the
child node so if we have some complex relationship
where a child node needs to have two parent node
then that can't be represented using this model.
If a parent node is deleted then the child node is
automatically deleted.
Network Model
a hierarchical model that is used to represent the
many-to-many relationship among the database
constraints.
Flexible way of representing objects and their
relationship
Extension of hierarchical database model
It represents the many to many relationship
e.G of Network Data model
Advantage of network model
 The data can be accessed faster as compared to the
hierarchical model.
As there is a parent-child relationship so data integrity
is present
Ability to Merge more Relationships
Disadvantage of Network model
As more and more relationships need to be handled
the system might get complex. So, a user must be
having detailed knowledge of the model to work with
the model.
Any change like updation, deletion, insertion is very
complex.
Entity- Relationship Model
Describes the relationship between Entity
It’s a high level data model
It describes the relationship between entity their
attributes and relation among them
Collection of entities and describing the relationship
Entities may be in people, name of anything
It has entities, attributes and relationship
Dis-Advantage of ER-model
No-standard notation the program designed by one
programer is not understood by other because of no
syntax
Hidden information, some data are hidden or may lost
E.G of Entity realtionship Model
Advantage of ER-Model
Simple and easy to build
Effective communication tools
Graphical Representation for Better
Understanding
Easy Conversion to any Model
Relational Model
Database model
All the data are maintained in form of table consisting
rows and coloumns
Each row (record) represents entity and each columns
(field) represent attribute
This makes quering much easier than in other model
e.g of realtional model
Advantage & Dis-advantage of Relational
model
 This model is more simple as compared to the
network and hierarchical model.
This model can be easily scaled as we can add as many
rows and columns we want.
Disadvantage
Costly needs of high powerful computers
maintence needs frequently
Data may be lost or hacked because of easy design
Object oriented Data Model
Data are stored in form of objects
Allows the object oriented programs to create a data
model
We can store audio, video, images, etc in the database
which was not possible in the relational model
Features
Object Relational model
simple model in which the database is represented as
a table consisting of rows and columns

Dis-Advantage
To access any data, the computer has to read the entire
table. This makes the modes slow and inefficient
proper understanding of this model is required.

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