PRESIDENTIAL DECREE 1096

National Building Code of the

Philippines
 DISCLAIMER:
Always double-check the values given in this document
with the actual laws. For corrections or clarifications,
email [email protected].
RULE 1:
General
Provisions
Purpose of the
Code
• The National Building Code shall provide
a framework of minimum standards and
requirements for all buildings to regulate
their location, design, quality of materials,
construction, and use.
Scope of application
• The National Building Code (NBC) applies
to the design, location, siting, construction,
alteration, repair, conversion, use,
occupancy, maintenance, moving,
demolition of and addition to public and
private buildings, except traditional
dwellings and BP 220 projects.
Terms
Construction
• All on-site work done from site
preparation, excavation, foundation,
assembly of all the components and
installation of utilities and equipment of
buildings/structure
Addition
• Any new construction which increases
the height or area of an existing
building/structure
Alteration
• Construction in a building/ structure
involving changes in the materials used,
partitioning, location/ size of openings,
structural parts, existing utilities and
equipment but does not increase the
overall area thereof.
Renovation
• Any physical change made on a building/
structure to increase its value, utility and/
or to improve its aesthetic quality
Conversion
• A change in the use or occupancy of a
building/ structure or any portion/s
thereof which has different requirements
Repair
• Remedial work done on any damaged
or deteriorated portion/s of a
building/structure to restore its original
condition
Demolition
• The systematic dismantling or destruction
of a building/ structure, in whole or in
part
Anci lary building structure
• A secondary building/ structure located
within the same premises, the use of
which is incidental to that of the main
building/structure
 RULE 2:
Administration and
Enforcement
The secretary
• Secretary of the DPWH
• Duties include:
– Policy making
– Memorandum circulars
– Prescribe fees
– Appoint building officials in all municipalities
The Building Official
• Tasked with the enforcement of the
Code in his jurisdiction
• Issues, denies, suspends and
revokes permits
• Undertakes inspection of buildings
• Acts on claims
Fees
• The DPWH Secretary prescribes the fees
• The Building Official collects the fees
Fee exemptions
• Public buildings
• Traditional family dwellings
– A dwelling intended for the use by one family
and constructed of native materials (bamboo,
nipa, logs, lumber), the total cost of which
does not exceed PHP15,000.
Offenses
• Proceeding with work without a permit
• Unauthorized deviations from the
drawings during construction
• Non-compliance with work
stoppage order
• Non-compliance with order to
demolish
Offenses
• Use of a building without securing
a Certificate of Occupancy
• Change in use without the
corresponding Certification of Change of
Use
• Failure to post Cert. of Occupancy
• Change in type of construction without
permit
Dangerous buildings
• Structural hazard
• Fire hazard
• Unsafe electrical wiring
• Unsafe mechanical installation
• Inadequate sanitation and health facilities
• Architectural deficiency
Options for dangerous buildings
• Repair
• Vacation
• Demolition
RULE
3:
Permits
Building permit
• A written authorization granted by the
Building Official to an applicant
allowing him to proceed with
construction after plans, specifications
and other pertinent documents have
been found to be in conformity with the
Code
When is a building permit
required?
• Before constructing, altering, repairing,
converting, moving, adding to,
demolishing a building.
Building permit exemptions
• Minor constructions
• Repair works
Minor construction
• Minor structures 6 sqm or less detached
from other buildings, for private use
only. (Example: Sheds, poultry houses,
greenhouses)
• Open terraces or patios not exceeding
20 sqm.
Minor construction
• Window grilles
• Garden pools 500mm deep or shallower
• Garden masonry walls not exceeding
1.20m in height
Repairs
• Not involving structural members
• Of non-load bearing partition walls
• Not involving addition or alteration
• Of doors, windows, floors, fences
and walls
• Of plumbing fixtures
Permit requirements
• Application forms
• If lot is owned,
– OCT or TCT
– Tax declaration
– Current real property tax receipt
Permit requirements
• If lot is NOT owned,
– Contract of Lease or Deed of Absolute Sale in
place of TCT
• Five sets of plans and specs, signed
and sealed by various professionals
Issuance of permits
• 15 days from payment of fees
Liability clause
• Article 1723 of the Civil Code states that
the engineer or architect who drew up the
plans and specs is liable for 15 years from
completion of the building should it
collapse due to defects in the plans or the
ground.
Liability clause
• In case the building collapses due to
defects in construction or the use of
inferior materials, the contractor along
with the construction supervisor shall be
liable.
Certificate of occupancy
• Shall be secured before using or
occupying a building
• Requirements:
– Certificate of completion
– Logbook
– As-built plans and specs
– Building inspection sheet
Expiration of building permits
• Construction does not commence within 1
year from date of issue
• Construction does not resume 120 days
after suspension or abandonment of work
Non-issuance,
suspension, revocation
• Errors in plans and specs
• Incorrect or inaccurate data declared
• Non-compliance with the Code
Inspection and supervision
• The owner of the building must engage
the services of a licensed architect or civil
engineer to undertake the full-time
inspection and supervision of the
construction.
 RULE 4:
Types of
Construction
Type I
• Wood construction
Type I
• Wood construction with fire-resistant
materials
• One-hour fire-resistive throughout
Type I
• Masonry and wood construction
• One hour fire resistive throughout
• Incombustible exterior walls
Type IV
• Steel, iron, concrete, or masonry
construction
• Incombustible interiors
(ceilings, walls)
Type V
• Four-hour fire resistive throughout
• Structural elements of steel, iron, concrete
or masonry
RULE 5:
Fire
Zones
Fire zone
• Areas within which only certain types of
construction are allowed, based on their
occupancy, type of construction, and
resistance to fire
Fire zone designations
1. Non-fire restricted zones
– All types of construction allowed
2. Fire restrictive zones
– Type I construction NOT allowed
3. Highly fire restrictive zones
– Types I, II, and III NOT allowed
Buildings in multiple fire zones
• Shall be considered as part of the more
restrictive zone if more than 1/3 of its total
floor area is in that zone
 RULE 6:
Fire Resistive
Requirements
Fire resistive rating
• The degree to which a material
can withstand fire
• Usually expressed in the form of a
time period rating (how long a material
can withstand being burned)
Fire resistive standards
Fire resistive standards
Fire resistive standards