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Lecture 11 Packed Bed For Absorption

This document provides an overview of rate-based methods for analyzing packed column performance. It discusses using mass transfer rate considerations rather than equilibrium stages for packed columns. It derives the operation line equation for packed absorbers and strippers in terms of mole fractions and flow rates. It also discusses calculating the height equivalent to a theoretical plate and number of transfer units for packed columns.

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51 views11 pages

Lecture 11 Packed Bed For Absorption

This document provides an overview of rate-based methods for analyzing packed column performance. It discusses using mass transfer rate considerations rather than equilibrium stages for packed columns. It derives the operation line equation for packed absorbers and strippers in terms of mole fractions and flow rates. It also discusses calculating the height equivalent to a theoretical plate and number of transfer units for packed columns.

Uploaded by

iB13e
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Packed bed Columns

Prof. Dr. Marco Mazzotti - Institut für Verfahrenstechnik

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Rate-Based Method for Packed Columns
• Packed columns:
– are continuous differential contacting devices that do not have the
physically distinguishable stages found in tray towers
– are best analyzed by mass transfer rate considerations rather than by
the equilibrium-stage concept.
• Absorption and stripping are frequently conducted in packed
columns, particularly when

1. The required column diameter is less than 2 ft,


2. The pressure drop must be low,
3. The corrosion consideration favor the use of ceramic or polymeric
materials,
4. And/or low liquid holdup is desirable.

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Rate-Based Method for Packed Columns …
Packed columns with countercurrent flow

Absorber Stripper
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Rate-Based Method for Packed Columns …

1. Operation line equation


• Analogous to section 6.3, the operation line equation can be derived
in terms of mole fractions and molar flow rates.
• For a packed absorber:
– the mass balance around the upper envelope, for the solute gives:
(6.41)
Lin xin  Gin yin  Lout xout  Gout yout
– Assuming that

– Gl = Gin = Gout = G and Ll = Lin = Lout = L (dilute solution):


(6.42)
L L
y  x    yout  xin  
G G
• Similar for a packed stripper:
L L (6.43)
y  x    yin  xout  
G G .
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Rate-Based Method for Packed Columns …

• In practice, packed-tower performance is often


analyzed on the basis of equivalent equilibrium
stages using:
• Z=HETP *NTU
– HETP or HETS: packed height equivalent to
theoretical (equilibrium) plate (stage).

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Height of packing Column
2
G/ A dy
Z 
K ya 1 y  y *
 H Oy N Oy

• Noy=  A  1 yin  Kxin


ln 
1
 
 A yout  Kxin A
N OG 
A 1
A

x2
dx
L NOL   x  x * 
H
L
x2
dx HOL 
Z   dz  
x1
K xa
0
K x x1 x  x *
a

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Example
Acetone is to be recovered from a 5 per cent acetone–air
mixture by scrubbing with water in a packed tower using
countercurrent flow. The liquid rate is 0.85 kg/m2s and the
gas rate is 0.5 kg/m2s.
The overall absorption coefficient KGa may be taken as 1.5 ×
10−4 kmol/[m2s (kN/m2) partial pressure difference] and the
gas film resistance controls the process.
What height of tower is required tower to remove 98 per cent
of the acetone? The equilibrium data for the mixture are:
Mole fraction of acetone in gas 0.0099 0.0196 0.0361 0.0400
Mole fraction of acetone in liquid 0.0076 0.0156 0.0306 0.0333

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28.9 MW

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10
Thanks

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