PROJECTILE

MOTION
Most Essential Learning Competency

• Describe the horizontal and vertical

motions of a projectile.
 OBJECTIVES
1. Describe the Uniformly Accelerated
Motion Qualitatively and Quantitatively;
2. Describe Projectile Motion Qualitatively
and Quantitatively; and
3. Label a diagram illustrating projectile
motion by indicating the range, height,
trajectory, initial horizontal velocity, and
initial vertical velocity.
AGAR MAN
ANAGRAM
IT DANCES
Length of space between two points
DISTANCE
Length of space between two points
LOVE CITY
Tells how fast an object moves towards a
certain direction
VELOCITY
Tells how fast an object moves towards a
certain direction
 OCEANIC
ALERT
Rate of change of velocity with respect to
time.
ACCELERATION
Rate of change of velocity with respect to
time.
MOTION
 UNIFORMLY
ACCELERATED
MOTION
 UNIFORMLY
ACCELERATED
MOTION
• It is a type of motion that has
constant acceleration.
 Acceleration
• It is the rate of change of
velocity with respect to time.

Velocity
• Speed + direction
Acceleration • It is the rate of change of
velocity with respect to time.

The car:
slowed down
moved steadily
speeded up
changed direction
Acceleration • It is the rate of change of
velocity with respect to time.

The car:
slowed down
moved steadily
speeded up
changed direction
Acceleration • It is the rate of change of
velocity with respect to time.

The car:
slowed down
moved steadily
speeded up
changed direction
Acceleration • It is the rate of change of
velocity with respect to time.

The car:
slowed down
moved steadily
speeded up
changed direction
Acceleration • It is the rate of change of
velocity with respect to time.

The car:
slowed down
moved steadily
speeded up
changed direction
Acceleration • It is the rate of change of
velocity with respect to time.

The car:
slowed down
moved steadily
speeded up
changed direction
 UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED
MOTION

HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Uniformly Uniformly
Accelerated Accelerated
Motion Motion
 UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED
MOTION
HORIZONTAL • Happens in the X- axis.
Uniformly Y

Accelerated
Motion X
 UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED
MOTION
VERTICAL • Happens in the Y- axis.
Uniformly • Free fall motion- a type of
motion under the influence of
Accelerated
gravity.
Motion • Gravity = -9.8 m/s2
Y

X
 Gravity=

-9.8 m/s2

-9.8 m/s2
Note: Gravity always uses negative sign (-)
because it is always pointed downward, towards
the Earth’s center.
 FREE FALL
• Motion solely under the influence of gravity.

The water moves under

influence of:
• Gravity
• Air resistance
• Other forces
 FREE FALL
• Motion solely under the influence of gravity.

The water moves under

influence of:
• Gravity
• Air resistance
• Other forces
This shows FREE FALL MOTION
 FREE FALL
• Motion solely under the influence of gravity.

Sky divers moves

under influence of:
• Gravity
• Air resistance
• Other forces
 FREE FALL
• Motion solely under the influence of gravity.

Sky divers moves

under influence of:
• Gravity
• Air resistance
• Other forces
This shows FREE FALL MOTION
 FREE FALL
• Motion solely under the influence of gravity.

Sky divers moves

under influence of:
• Gravity
• Air resistance
• Other forces
 FREE FALL
• Motion solely under the influence of gravity.

Sky divers moves

under influence of:
• Gravity
• Air resistance
• Other forces

This does NOT show FREE FALL MOTION

 FREE FALL
• Motion solely under the influence of gravity.

Elevator moves under

influence of:
• Gravity
• Air resistance
• Other forces
 FREE FALL
• Motion solely under the influence of gravity.

Elevator moves under

influence of:
• Gravity
• Air resistance
• Other forces

This does NOT show FREE FALL MOTION

 FREE FALL
• Motion solely under the influence of gravity.

The basketball moves

under influence of:
• Gravity
• Air resistance
• Other forces
 FREE FALL
• Motion solely under the influence of gravity.

The basketball moves

under influence of:
• Gravity
• Air resistance
• Other forces

This does NOT show FREE FALL MOTION

PROJECTILE MOTION
• A projectile motion is a
combination of freefall and
horizontal motions which are
independent of each other.
• Motion that happens when
object is launched to air, and
ONLY acceleration due to
GRAVITY AFFECTS IT.
PROJECTILE MOTION
• Projectile motion happens in
two dimensions.
• It is a combination of
horizontal and vertical
uniformly accelerated motion.
 UNIFORMLY ACCELERATED
MOTION

HORIZONTAL VERTICAL
Uniformly Accelerated Motion Uniformly Accelerated Motion

PROJECTILE MOTION
PROJECTILE MOTION
MOTION OF A PROJECTILE
• A projectile travels in a curved
path called trajectory.
PARTS OF A PROJECTILE MOTION
1. Projectile- this refers to the object
being launched.
2. Launch Angle- this is the angle by
which the projectile will be
released.
3. Trajectory- this is the parabolic
path (curved path) created by the
projectile.
4. Range- refers to the maximum
horizontal distance a projectile can
cover.
 PARTS OF A PROJECTILE MOTION
5. Height- this refers to the maximum
Height
vertical distance a projectile can reach
Trajectory up in the air.

Projectile

Launch Angle
Range
 Projectiles move in TWO dimensions
Since a projectile moves in 2-
dimensions, it therefore has 2
components just like a
resultant vector.
*Horizontal and Vertical
initial horizontal velocity
vix or v0x
initial vertical velocity

viy or v0y
Upon launching a projectile at a certain initial velocity, it will have two
components: the initial horizontal velocity that stays the same
throughout the force of the projectile and the initial vertical velocity
that changes as the projectile travels in the air.
Initial vertical velocity decreases as the projectile goes up in the
air due to the negative acceleration from the effects of gravity.
This will continue until its vertical velocity becomes ZERO. This is
also the time when the projectile finally reached its maximum height
.
After reaching its maximum height, projectile’s
vertical velocity will become negative and will
accelerate towards the ground.
Take note that the time it takes for a projectile to reach a
certain height from the ground is equal to the time it takes
for a projectile to move from that height to the ground.
In analyzing projectile motion problems, it will be helpful to separate the horizontal
and vertical components into a table to make things easier for you.
• Positive and negative signs indicate the direction of vectors, namely,
displacement, acceleration, and velocity. The following sign conventions will
be used:
• Displacement above the origin is positive while displacement below the
origin is negative.
• Acceleration due to gravity is always directed downward or toward the center
of the Earth, it will be assigned a negative sign.
• Velocity going downward, the same direction as the acceleration due to
gravity, is assigned a negative sign.
• Velocity going upward, opposite the direction of the acceleration due to
gravity, is assigned a positive sign.
 THREE BASIC PROBLEM TYPES

1. Horizontally 2. Angle launched 3. Angle launched

launched projectiles from the projectiles from a cliff
projectiles ground
from a cliff
HORIZONTALLY-LAUNCHED PROJECTILE
• Horizontally-launched projectiles are
objects projected in a horizontal
direction from an elevated position.
PROBLEM-SOLVING STRATEGY
1. Read the problem carefully. Diagram it.
2. Identify the known values; relate to
corresponding symbol.
3. Identify the unknown value; use the
variable symbol.
4. Select the appropriate equation to use.
5. Substitute known values; solve for
unknown
X-Y TABLE AND PROBLEM-SOLVING
STRATEGY
• An "X-Y Table" show that projectile
motion is a combination of uniformly
horizontal and uniformly vertical motion
• It helps keep x- and y-variable values
separate.
 Horizontal Vertical
Component Component
dx= vixt dy= viyt + ½ ayt2

vfx= vix + axt vfy= viy + ayt

vfx2 = vix2 + 2axdx vfy2 = viy2 + 2aydy
 SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 1
• A ball rolls off a 1.42-m high table with a speed of 2.63 m/s. How
far from the base of the table will it land?

Horizontal Vertical
Component Component
dx= vixt dy= viyt + ½ ayt2
vfx= vix + axt vfy= viy + ayt
vfx2 = vix2 + 2axdx vfy2 = viy2 + 2aydy
 SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 2
• A ball is thrown horizontally at 12.8 m/s from the top of a 17.9-m
high cliff. How far from the base of the cliff does it land?

Horizontal Vertical
Component Component
dx= vixt dy= viyt + ½ ayt2

vfx= vix + axt vfy= viy + ayt

vfx2 = vix2 + 2axdx vfy2 = viy2 + 2aydy

 SAMPLE PROBLEM NO. 3
• A student throws a book horizontally out a dorm window with a
speed of 12.5 m/s. The book lands on the ground 31.8 m from the
base of the building. How high is the window from the ground?

Horizontal Vertical
Component Component
dx= vixt dy= viyt + ½ ayt2

vfx= vix + axt vfy= viy + ayt

vfx2 = vix2 + 2axdx vfy2 = viy2 + 2aydy