5.

4 Sum and Difference

Formulas
 Addition and Subtract of the Sine
function
With the sine function the sign between the
expressions stays the same.

Sinu  v   Sin u  Cos v  Cos u  Sin v

Sinu  v   Sin u  Cos v  Cos u  Sin v

 Let u  45 and v  30
Find the Sine of u + v
Sin45  30  Sin 45  Cos 30  Cos 45  Sin 30

 2  3   2  1 
Sin45  30      
 2   2  2 
 2    

6 2 6 2
Sin45  30   
4 4 4
 Let u  45 and v  30
Find the Sine of u - v
Sin45  30  Sin 45  Cos 30  Cos 45  Sin 30

 2  3   2  1 
Sin45  30      
 2   2  2 
 2    

6 2 6 2
Sin45  30   
4 4 4
Addition and Subtract of the Cosine
function
With the cosine function the sign between
the expressions change.

Cosu  v   Cos u  Cos v  Sin u  Sin v

Cosu  v   Cos u  Cos v  Sin u  Sin v

 Let u  45 and v  30
Find the Cosine of u + v

Cos 45  30   Cos 45  Cos 30  Sin 45  Sin 30

 2  3   2  1 
Cos 45  30    


 
 

 2  2   2  2 

6 2 6 2
Cos 45  30    
4 4 4
 Let u  45 and v  30
Find the Cosine of u - v
Cos45  30  Cos 45  Cos 30  Sin 45  Sin 30

 2  3   2  1 
Cos45  30      
 2   2  2 
 2    

6 2 6 2
Cos45  30   
4 4 4
 Addition and Subtract of the
Tangent function
Both are Rational expressions

tan u  tan v
tan u  v  
1  tan u tan v

tan u  tan v
tan u  v  
1  tan u tan v
 Let u  45 and v  30
Find the Tangent of u + v

tan 45  tan 30
tan 45  30  
1  tan 45 tan 30

3
1
tan 45  30   3
 3
1  1 
 3 
 Let u  45 and v  30
Find the Tangent of u + v
tan 45  tan 30 3 3
tan 45  30  tan(45  30) 
1  tan 45 tan 30 3 3

3 3  3  3  3 
tan 45  30 
1
3 3  3  3  3 
 3
1  1 
 3  12  6 3
 2 3
6
 Let u  45 and v  30
Find the Tangent of u - v
tan u  tan v
tan u  v  
1  tan u tan v

tan 45  tan 30
tan 45  30 
1  tan 45 tan 30

3
1
tan 45  30  3
 3
1  (1) 

 3 
 Let u  45 and v  30
Find the Tangent of u - v
tan u  tan v 3 3
tan u  v   tan 45  30 
1  tan u tan v 3 3

tan 45  30 

tan 45  tan 30
tan 45  30 
3  3   3  3 
1  tan 45 tan 30 3  3  3  3 
3
1 12  6 3
2 3
tan 45  30  3
6
 3
1  (1) 

 3 
 Simplify
Remember: sin(u-v)=sin u·cos v-cos u·sin v

 7    7     7   
Sin    Sin Cos    Cos   Sin 
 6 3  6  3  6  3
 Simplify
Remember: sin(u-v)=sin u·cos v-cos u·sin v

 7    7     7    
Sin    Sin Cos   Cos  Sin 
 6 3  6  3  6  3

 7     1  1    3  3 
Sin        
 6 3   2  2   2  2 
 Simplify
Remember: sin(u-v)=sin u·cos v-cos u·sin v
 7    7     7   
Sin    Sin Cos    Cos   Sin 
 6 3  6  3  6  3

 7     1  1    3  3 
Sin        
 6 3   2  2   2  2 

1   3  2 1
   
4  4  4 2
 Break up the angle and
find Sin, Cos and Tan
Leave as a Rational Expression
11
12
 Break up the angle and
find Sin, Cos and Tan
Leave as a Rational Expression

11 3 
 
12 4 6
 Break up the angle and
find Sin, Cos and Tan
Leave as a Rational Expression

 3   3  3 
sin     Sin Cos  Cos Sin
 4 6 4 6 4 6
 Break up the angle and
find Sin, Cos and Tan
Leave as a Rational Expression

 3   3  3 
sin     Sin Cos  Cos Sin
 4 6 4 6 4 6

 2  3    2  1 
  


 
 

 2  2   2  2 
 Break up the angle and
find Sin, Cos and Tan
Leave as a Rational Expression
 3   3  3 
sin     Sin Cos  Cos Sin
 4 6 4 6 4 6

 2  3    2  1 
  


 
 

 2  2   2  2 

6  2 6 2
  
4 4 4
 Break up the angle and
find Sin, Cos and Tan
Leave as a Rational Expression
 3   3  3 
cos    Cos Cos  Sin Sin
 4 6 4 6 4 6

  2  3   2  1 
  


 
 

 2  2   2  2 

 6 2  6 2
  
4 4 4
 Break up the angle and
find Sin, Cos and Tan
Tan can be done two ways.
 3     3  
tan    tan   Sin  
 3    4   6  3  
   4 6
tan    Tan 
 4 6  1  tan  3  tan     4 6  Cos  3   
 
     4 6 
 4  6
6 2
3 4 6 2
1    2  3
3 3 3  6 2  6 2
   2  3 4
 3  1 3
1   1 

 3 
 Sin u = 5/13
What is Cos u ?
 Sin u = 5/13
What is Cos u ? sin 2 u  cos 2 u  1

2
5
   cos u  1
2

 13 

2
 5  144
cos 2 u  1    
 13  169

144 12
cos u 
2
; u
169 13