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Types and Methods of Research

The document discusses different types and methods of research including qualitative and quantitative methods. It identifies the types of qualitative methods as one-to-one interviews, focus groups, ethnographic studies, text analysis, and case studies. The types of quantitative methods are identified as survey research, descriptive research, and correlational research. It also discusses the types of research as basic research, applied research, and action research.

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Mae Althea Tidalgo
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38 views19 pages

Types and Methods of Research

The document discusses different types and methods of research including qualitative and quantitative methods. It identifies the types of qualitative methods as one-to-one interviews, focus groups, ethnographic studies, text analysis, and case studies. The types of quantitative methods are identified as survey research, descriptive research, and correlational research. It also discusses the types of research as basic research, applied research, and action research.

Uploaded by

Mae Althea Tidalgo
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Types and Methods of Research

Module 1 - Lesson 2
Desired Learning Outcomes
At the end of the lesson, students must have: 

a. identified and explained the types and methods of


research.
• Research method is defined as the tools or
instruments used to accomplish the goals and
attributes of a study. Think of the methodology as a
systematic process in which the tools or
instruments will be employed. There is no use of a
tool if it is not being used efficiently.
• Research methods are broadly classified as
Qualitative and Quantitative. Both methods
have distinctive properties and data collection
methods.
• Qualitative research is a method that collects data
using conversational methods, usually open-ended
questions. The responses collected are essentially
non-numerical. This method helps a researcher
understand what participants think and why they
think in a particular way.
Types of qualitative methods include:

1. One-to-one Interview
2. Focus Groups
3. Ethnographic studies
4. Text Analysis
5. Case Study
• Quantitative methods deal with numbers and
measurable forms. It uses a systematic way of
investigating events or data. It answers questions
to justify relationships with measurable variables to
either explain, predict, or control a phenomenon.
Types of quantitative methods include:

1. Survey research
2. Descriptive research
3. Correlational research
Remember, research is only valuable and
useful when it is valid, accurate, and
reliable. Incorrect results can lead to
customer churn and a decrease in sales.
It is essential to ensure that your data is:
• Valid – founded, logical, rigorous, and impartial.
• Accurate – free of errors and including required details.
• Reliable – other people who investigate in the same way
can produce similar results.
• Timely – current and collected within an appropriate time
frame.
• Complete – includes all the data you need to support your
business decisions
Types of Research
There are three types of research, namely:

1. Basic research (also known as pure research)


2. Applied research
3. Action research
• Basic research, also known as pure research or
fundamental research, is an original investigation into the
reasons behind a process, phenomenon or particular
event. It focuses on generating knowledge around
existing basic principles.
• Applied research investigates well-known theories and
principles in order to enhance knowledge around a
practical aim. Because of this, applied research focuses
on solving real-life problems by deriving knowledge which
has an immediate application.
• Action research is a decision- oriented research involving
the application of the steps of the scientificmethod in
response to an immediate need to improve existing
practices. This process involves practitioners who study a
certain problem in vivo and from such experience draw
their decisions and actions as well as evaluation.
Classification of Research
Research is classified as:

(1) library research


(2) field research
(3) laboratoryresearch
1. Library research. This is done in the library
where answers to specific questions or problems
of the study are available. The historical method
lends itself to library research because the study is
focused on the past, and much of the primary and
secondary sources are found in the library.
2. Field research. Research is conducted in a
natural setting. No changes are made in the
environment. Field research is both applicable to
descriptive survey and experimental methods.
3. Laboratory research. The research is conducted
in artificial or controlled conditions by isolating the
study in a rigorously specified and operationalized
area.
The purposes are: (1) to test hypotheses derived
from theory, (2) to control variance under research
conditions, and (3) to discover the relations between
dependent and independent variables. Laboratory
research is applicable to both experimental,
descriptive, and case-study methods.

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