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1 Images Pixels V6 Calcs

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16 views

1 Images Pixels V6 Calcs

Uploaded by

alanchenyin
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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4c Data Representation

Images
Pixel, Colour depth & Resolution
Extension: Metadata
Real Life – Light is analogue
data – continually variable
Computers are digital devices
Binary (bits)  Images (pixels)
Creation of a Digital Image
What you should know

 Explain the representation of an image


as a series of pixels represented in
binary.
 Colour depth, resolution & the size of an
image
 Extension: Metadata: Height, width &
colour depth
Pixel – Picture element

 The smallest element


of an image.
 The dots that make the
image on the screen
Resolution – The number of Pixels / inch
 fineness of detail in
a bitmap image
 measured in pixels
per inch (ppi)
 The more pixels per
inch, the greater
the resolution
 Same image at
72‑ppi and 300‑ppi;
 Higher resolution 
Larger Image size
(memory)
“Retina Display”
 Brand name of
Apple
 300 PPI for a
device held 10 to
12 inches from
the eye
 human eye is
unable to notice
pixilation at a
typical viewing
distance
Each Pixel is one colour
Bits / pixel  how many different colours
 1 bit = 21 = 0, 1 = 2 colours
 2 bit = 22 = 00, 01,10, 11, = 4 colours
 3 bit = 23 = 8 colours
 4 bit = 24 = 16 colours
 5 bit = 25 = 32 colours
 6 bit = 26 = 64 colours
 7 bit = 27 = 128 colours
 8 bit = 28 = 256 colours
 24 bit = 224 = 16.7 million colours
More bits per pixel  more colours
Colour Depth – bits per pixel
But higher colour depth means more memory
Why 24 bits? 3 Bytes = Red, Green, Blue
R = 255, G = 255, B = 255
FF FF FF (Hexadecimal)

http://htmlcolorcodes.com
Real Photos have a lot of data
 On the right there is a digital camera
 Underneath is a huge pile of
hundreds of sheets of paper
 That is the data for the photograph
printed out as 1s and 0s
 1110101001010010001111001 …
File size –memory storage calculations
Count the bits!
Here is a 3000 X 2000 pixel image with a bit depth of 16

 First count your pixels!


 In this case 3000 X 2000 = 6,000,000
 Now multiply by how many bits are being used for each pixel – The
bit depth (or colour depth)
 (6,000,000 ) X 16 = 96,000,000 bits
 But we measure storage in bytes (8 bits)
 Bytes = (num of bits) / 8 = (96,000,000)/8
 Bytes = 12,000,000 bytes or about 12 Mb
 Storage we use 1 Kibibyte = 1024 bytes
 1 MegaBinary byte or 1 MebiByte is 1024 X 1024 Bytes
 MebitBytes is 12,000, 000 / (1024 X 1024)
 11.4 MiB
File size –memory storage calculations
 File size is how many bytes
 (number of bits) / 8
 Number of bits is
 (num of pixels) X (num of bits per pixel)
 (num of pixels) X (bit or colour depth)
 Number of pixels is:
 (height X resolution) X (length X resolution)
 (height X pixels per inch) X (width X pixels per inch)
 So here’s the whole thing: Bytes =
 [(ht X resolution) X (width X resolution) X (bit depth) ] /8
File size –memory storage calculations
[(ht X resolution) X (width X resolution) X (bit depth) ] /8

(number of Pixels) X (bit depth) / 8


(36 X 72) X (48 X 72) X (24 bits per pixel) / 8
(2592 pixels) X ( 3456 pixels) X (24) / 8
=(214990848) / 8
= 26872865 bytes or (26872865) / 1000, 1000 = 26 MB
= (26872865) / (1024 X 1024) = 25.6 Mebibytes
File size –memory storage calculations
[(ht X resolution) X (width X resolution) X (bit depth) ] /8
You try this one!
Human eye is more complex!
Extension:

Metadata
Data about the file
itself
Size, height, width,
resolution, colour
depth
Meta data example
 Size
 16 X 24 pixels
 Colour depth
 3 bits
 23 = 8 colours
 000 001 010 011
 100 101 110 111

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