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Laws and Crimes

The document discusses federal laws for prosecuting computer attacks in the US and Pakistan. It outlines cyber crime and different cyber laws in Pakistan, including the Electronic Transaction Ordinance 2002 and Electronic/Cyber Crime Bill 2007. It describes key sections and punishments under these laws for various cyber crimes such as data damage, electronic fraud, and cyber stalking.

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27 views18 pages

Laws and Crimes

The document discusses federal laws for prosecuting computer attacks in the US and Pakistan. It outlines cyber crime and different cyber laws in Pakistan, including the Electronic Transaction Ordinance 2002 and Electronic/Cyber Crime Bill 2007. It describes key sections and punishments under these laws for various cyber crimes such as data damage, electronic fraud, and cyber stalking.

Uploaded by

ma7808766
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Federal Laws for Prosecuting

Computer Attacks
Made By : HM AHMED
Cyber Crime
• Activity in which computers or
networks are a tool, a target, or a
place of criminal activity.
• Cyber crime also stated as any use of
a computer as an instrument to
further illegal ends, such as
 Committing fraud
 Stealing identities
 Violating privacy
Cyber Laws
• The legal issues related to use of
communications technology, particularly
"cyberspace", i.e. the Internet.
• It is an intersection of many legal fields, like:
 Intellectual property
 Privacy
• Cyber laws is an attempt to apply laws
designed for the physical world to human
activity on the Internet
Cyber Laws in the World Electronic Commerce Act
• Electronic Transactions Act (UK, USA,
Australia, New Zealand, Singapore)
• Electronic Transactions Ordinance
(Hong Kong)
• Information Technology Act (India)
• Information Communication
Technology Act Draft (Bangladesh)
Cyber Laws in Pakistan
• There are different laws, promulgated in Pakistan.
• These laws not only deal with crime of InternetThese
deal with all dimensions related to computer &
networks.
• Two of them are most known.They are:
1. Electronic Transaction Ordinance 2002
2. Electronic / Cyber Crime Bill 2007
Electronic Transaction Ordinance 2002
• The Electronic Transactions Ordinance (ETO),
2002, was the first IT-relevant legislation created
by national lawmakers.
• A first step and a solid foundation for legal
sanctity and protection for Pakistani e-
Commerce locally and globally.
• Laid the foundation for comprehensive Legal
Infrastructure.
• It is heavily taken from foreign law related to
cyber crime.
Pre-ETO 2002 No recognition of electronic
documentation
• No recognition of electronic records.
• No recognition of evidential basis of
documents/records.
• Failure to authenticate or identify digital or
electronic signatures or forms of authentication.
• No online transaction could be legally binding.
• Electronic Data & Forensic Evidence not covered.
No Rules.
ETO 2002 Sections There are 43 sections in this
ordinance
• It deals with following 8 main areas relating to e-Commerce.
• Recognition of Electronic Documents
• Electronic Communications
• Digital Signature regime and its evidential consequences
• Web Site & Digital Signatures Certification Providers
• Stamp Duty
• Attestation, notarization, certified copiesJ
• Urisdiction
• Offences
ETO 2002 Important Sections are:
• gains or attempts to gain access
• to any information system with or
without intent
• to acquire the information
• Gain Knowledge
• Imprisonment 7 years
• Fine Rs. 1 million
Cyber Crime Bill 2007
• It offers penalties ranging from six months
imprisonment to capital punishment for 17 types of
cyber crimes.
• It will apply to every person who commits an offence,
irrespective of his nationality or citizenship.
• It gives exclusive powers to the Federal Investigation
Agency (FIA) to investigate and charge cases against
such crimes.
Punishments
• Under this law there are defined
punishment for the offence.
• Every respective offence under this law
has its distinctive punishment which
can be imprisonment or fine.
Imprisonment (years) Fine
Sections
Data Damage:
• Whoever with intent to illegal gain or
cause harm to the public or any person,
damages any data, shall come under this
section.
Punishment:
• 3 years
• 3 Lac
Electronic/Cyber Crime Bill 2007
Electronic fraud:
• People for illegal gain get in the way or use
any data, electronic system or device or with
intent to deceive any person, which act or
omissions is likely to cause damage or harm.
Punishment:
• 7 years
• 7 Lac
Electronic/Cyber Crime Bill 2007

Malicious code:
• Whoever willfully writes, offers, makes available, distributes or
transmits malicious code through an electronic system or device,
with intent to cause harm to any electronic system or resulting in
the theft or loss of data commits the offence of malicious code.
Punishment:
• 5 years
• 5 Lac
Electronic/Cyber Crime Bill 2007
Cyber stalking:
• Whoever with intent to harass any person uses computer,
computer network, internet, or any other similar means of
communication to communicate obscene, vulgar, profane,
lewd, lascivious, or indecent language, picture or image.
• Commits the offence of cyber stalking.
• 3 Years
• 3 Lac
Crimes Reported in Pakistan
A total of 57 cases have been registered under the ETO 2002 in the years
2005 & 2006.
THANK YOU

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