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Aviation Engines

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bebrissaigars
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22 views13 pages

Aviation Engines

Uploaded by

bebrissaigars
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Aircraft Engines

Author: Aigars
Bebriss
Group: 2701PD
1903- 1940s: Propeller + Piston

Engines
From 1903 (Wright bros.) until
Era
the Early 1940s, all aircraft
used the piston engine
combined with propeller as
their propulsion system.
 Piston engine is just similar
with car engine except with
several different.
 A propeller is essentially a
type of fan which transmits
power by converting Piston engine uses the
rotational motion into energy produced by
thrust to propel the aircraft
(move forward). burning a mixture of air
and fuel to drive the
propeller.
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Piston engine
Main parts

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Piston engine
Different configurations of piston engines

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Piston engine
Examples

Antonov AN-2
Engine(s):
-PZL piston engine, RADIAL
-9 cylinders
-1000 hp

Propeller(s):
-4 blades variable pitch

Performance:
-Max. speed 139kt
-Operational ceiling 13000 feet
(approx.)

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Propeller + Piston
Engine Aircraft
 Very efficient for low speed flight.
 Lower load capacity compared to similar sized jet
powered aircraft.
 Consumes less fuel, thus cheaper and much more
economic than jets.
 Quiet, but fly at lower speeds.
 The best option for people who need to transport a
few passengers and/or small amounts of cargo.
 Best choice for pilots who wish to own their own
aircraft.
 Propellers are not used on high speed aircraft.
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Jet Engine History

 1931: 1st turbojet engine designed 1930 by Sir


Frank Whittle
 1939: The 1st jet aircraft (Heinkel He 178) was
developed in England and Germany
 1943: The first jet fighter aircraft, Messerschmitt
Me 262 went into service in the German
Luftwaffe.

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Jet Engines
 Jet aircraft make use of turbines for the creation of
thrust.
 Consumes more fuel but provide much more thrust
than a piston engine.
 Fly faster than propeller driven aircraft.
 Greater weight capacity
 Example: Airbus A340 and Boeing 777, can carry
hundreds of passengers and several tons of cargo, and
are able to travel for distances up to 13 thousand
kilometers.
 Noisy, this makes jet aircraft a source of noise
pollution.
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9
Turbo-jet Engine Thrust

Newton's 3rd law: For every action there is an equal and


opposite reaction. This is called thrust.

 Inlet- inlet is the opening at the front of engine, it allows the outside air to enter the
engine.
 Compressor – compressor is made up of fans with many blades, it compress the air and
raises the pressure & temperature of the air, the compressed air then is delivered to the
burner.
 Burner – Burning process occur here. Fuel is sprayed to the compressed air .The mixture of
the fuel + air will be burned. The results is heated gas with high energy, high pressure and
high temperature.
 Turbine- turbine used some of the heated gas energy to turn the compressor . This energy
is transferred through the shaft.
 Nozzle- The balance of heated gas energy exits through the nozzle at very high speed.
This causes thrust.
 As the jets of gas shoot backward, the engine and the aircraft are thrust forward.

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Turbo-prop Engine

•The propeller located at the front of engine


•The propeller converts the power developed by the
engine into thrust as efficiently as possible under all
operating conditions.
•These aircraft are popular with regional airlines, as
they tend to be more economical on shorter journeys.

Hercules-1 C130

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Turbo-fan Engine

 Similar to the turboprop, except a fan replaces


the turboprop propeller.
 Larger fan at the front provides thrust in the
same way as a propeller.
 The turbofan engine has a front fan, which runs
at the same speed as the compressor and fan
turbine located at the back to drive the fan.
 Most modern airliners use turbofan engines
because of they can produce high thrust, lower
fuel consumption and low engine-noise.
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Thanks you for attention!

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