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Chapter - 2

This document discusses the components of a computer system including input devices like keyboards and mice, processing devices like the CPU, storage devices like RAM and hard disks, and output devices like monitors and printers. It also covers software components like operating systems, drivers, and different types of application software.

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21 views

Chapter - 2

This document discusses the components of a computer system including input devices like keyboards and mice, processing devices like the CPU, storage devices like RAM and hard disks, and output devices like monitors and printers. It also covers software components like operating systems, drivers, and different types of application software.

Uploaded by

tashale
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CHAPTER – 2

COMPUTER SYSTEM

 It is also composed of physical components (hardware) and non-physical component


(software) that work together in coordination to achieve a common goal (data
processing).

Peripheral Devices:

A peripheral device is any computer hardware (external) that is plugged into the computer.
We can categorize peripheral devices into three, i.e. input, output and storage.
The main hardware components of a computer system are described below.

A. Input devices:

• The function of input devices is to accept data and convert it into a form suitable for computer processing.

 Keyboard

 Mouse

 Scanner

 Joystick

 Microphone

 Touch screen
B. Processing Devices – CPU:
 The CPU is the brains of the computer

 It is where most calculations take place.

CPU has three components, namely:

a. The arithmetic logic unit (ALU), which performs arithmetic (addition, subtraction, multiplication,
and division) and logical (comparison, negation, conjunction, and disjunction) operations.

b. The control unit (CU), which extracts instructions from memory, decodes, executes, and
control them, calling on the ALU when necessary.

c. The Memory unit or registers, which store intermediate results of ALU. Registers are found near
the CPU
C. Storage devices:
a. Primary storage devices
 Cache memory
 RAM
 ROM
b. Secondary Storage:
 Magnetic disk
 Floppy Disk
 Hard disk
 Optical Disk
 CD
 DVD
 Flash Memory:
Storage Capacity Measurement

• Bit KB MB

• Byte GB TB

1Byte = 8 bits = 1 character

1KB (Kilo byte): A kilo byte is 210 bytes = 210 x 8 bits

1MB (Mega byte): A mega byte is 220 bytes = 220 x 8 bits

1GB (Giga byte): A gigabyte is 230 bytes = 230 x 8 bits

1TB (Terabyte): A terabyte is 240 bytes =240 x 8 bits


D. Output Devices:

 They are designed to receive output from the computer and provide it to the user.

 Display devices – Monitor

 CRT

 LCD

 Printer

 Speaker

 plotter
Software Component

 It is a set of step-by-step instructions given to the computer in the form of


programs.
Software is the set of instructions that tells the computer
What to do
How to do it
When to do it
Types of software
a. System software

 System software includes the computer’s basic operating system.

 Operating system

 Device driver

 Utility software

b. Application software

 application software consists of programs that help the end-user to perform specific, productive tasks

 Productivity Software

 Home / Personal software

 Education / Reference software

 Entertainment software
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