SIR M V INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

TECHNICAL PRSENTATION
ON
“SURGERY TRAINING USING VIRTUAL REALITY ”
PRESENTED BY

K SHASHIDHARA 1MV19ME027

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

Mr. H S YESHVANTHA
Assistant Professor
Dept. of MECH
Sir. MVIT
CONTENTS
 ABSTRACT
 INTRODUCTION
 LITERATURE SURVEY
 ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY
 ARCHITECTURE
 METHODOLOGY
 ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
 CONCLUSION
 REFERENCES
ABSTRACT
 In today’s world health has become one of the most important topics. The healthier you are
the better you can perform work on a day-to-day basis.
 As doctors play a very important role in a person’s life. How many times have we seen that
a person’s life couldn’t be saved due to surgery being very tough and difficult to perform?
This happens because of the lack of practice of the doctors.
 In India a lot of medical students don’t practice surgeries up until the day they have to
perform the surgery. In medical colleges one senior doctors come and perform the surgery
to a dummy body(cadaver) and all students just watch. Hence the students only get
theoretical knowledge and are not able to perform surgeries with their full potential as they
only have theoretical knowledge.
 Surgical training is a critical component of medical education, requiring extensive practice
and mastery of complex skills. Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising technology
for surgical training, providing a safe and controlled environment for learners to develop
their skills without putting patients at risk.
INTRODUCTION
 Virtual Reality (VR) is an immersive technology that allows users to experience a
computer-generated simulation of an alternate reality. In other words we can say that
Virtual reality (VR) is a simulated experience that employs pose tracking and 3D near-eye
displays to give the user an immersive feel of a virtual world.
 In this world with ever changing technologies Virtual Reality has been a growing
sensation. The metaverse is a prime example of what virtual reality can give to us. People
on the metaverse are able to experience everything with just a VR headset.
 Now using this virtual reality we can make 3D models of human body and then provide
medical students and experts with Virtual models of bodies with custom scenarios on
which the medical students can operate on and practice surgery.
 In this way the ever mounting cost of creating the cadavers can be minimized and each and
every medical student can practice surgeries .This can prove to be a much more efficient
way .
 LITERATURE SURVEY

SL. Title Of the Paper Authors Remark Year

NO
1 Virtual Reality System for Invasive Ruoyan Ruoyan kang et al. proposed a 2015
Therapy Kong ,Ruobing methodology of using VR to create
Wong and view enhanced sections of the
target organs on which the invasive
surgery has to be performed so that
proper planning can be done and the
causalities can be reduced.

2 Lipoma Extraction Surgery Santiago This paper presented work that 2018
Simulation in a Multi-user Carre ,Byron proposes the use of a multi-user
Environment Perez-Gutierrez virtual environment for simulation of
the lipoma extraction surgery., all the
steps were mapped to a virtual
environment. a key element for a
successful simulation.
SL. Title of the Paper Authors Remark Year
NO
3 Virtual Surgery, Hoshang Kolivand, In this paper we have tried to present some 2020
Applications and Bazli Tomi, Najib prominent techniques and methods in not
Limitations Zamri and Mohd only virtual surgery but also related to
Shahrizal Sunar medical simulation. Intelligent computer
backup minimizes the number of medical
mistakes. It provides a better training in
anatomy and surgical skill, with reduced
need for cadavers.

4 Applications of Amol Pednekar and This paper reviews applications of VR in 2022

Virtual Reality In Ioannis A. Kakadiaris medicine, and surgery in particular. Key
Surgery applications are identified and relevant
methods, technologies, system issues, and
needs are discussed. Finally, we review the
challenges of the field and the
opportunities for further research and
development.
ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY

 Virtual reality (VR) is a simulated experience that can be similar to or completely different from
the real world. Applications of virtual reality include entertainment (particularly video games),
education (such as medical or military training) and business (such as virtual meetings). Other
distinct types of VR-style technology include augmented reality and mixed reality, sometimes
referred to as extended reality or XR.
ROLE OF TECHNOLOGY
 In this all the 3D models are stored in the Database Web Server.

 The database server is divided in 3 different parts 3D model database, surgery scripts, user
database.

 Surgery Operation scripts contain the exact steps that have to be followed in order to
perform the entire surgery.

 Using the script editor in Client application the entire script can be modified in case a
doctor finds a better way.

 MRI and 3D model loading system starts and loads the Entire simulation in the visualizer
i.e., the VR headset.
METHODOLOGY

Surgical Simulator Requirements

 Data Acquisition
 Imaging Modalities
 Segmentation
 Registration
 Modeling
 Interaction
METHODOLOGY

Components:
 Hardware
 Software
 Surgical Simulation Modules
 Interaction and Feedback Mechanisms
 Analytics and Assessment Tools
 Networking and Collaboration Features
 Integration with Existing Training Programs
 Potentially Cloud-based Solutions
ADVANTAGES
 Potential benefit to patient safety and ethical acceptability.
 Opportunity to assess trainee competence in a consistence and reproducible manner.
 Low-risk environment in which trainees can practice at any time.
 Predictable availability regardless of external factors.
 Emerging evidence of construct validity and transferability of simulator skills.
 It creates a realistic world.
DISADVANTAGES

 Nascent Technology with imperfect fidelity.

 Technology is complex
 Expensive to implement.
 Addiction to Virtual Reality
 Limited evidence regarding optimal implementation within residency training.
 Limited to certain procedures.
 Current simulators only focus on developing technical skills and do not incorporate
interaction with the rest of the intraoperative team.
CONCLUSION

 Virtual reality (VR) has emerged as a promising tool for surgery training, offering
numerous advantages such as enhanced procedural learning, increased safety, cost-
effectiveness, and accessibility.
 VR allows surgeons to simulate realistic surgical scenarios in a controlled environment,
providing opportunities for repeated practice and skill development without risking patient
safety. It can also provide a platform for collaborative training, remote learning, and
assessment of surgical competency.
 Studies have shown that surgery training using VR can lead to improved surgical skills,
increased confidence, and reduced errors in real-world surgical procedures. VR can be
used for a wide range of surgical specialties, including laparoscopy, endoscopy,
orthopedics, neurosurgery, and more.
 However, there are also limitations to VR surgery training. The technology is still
evolving, and there may be challenges in achieving high-fidelity simulations and realistic
haptic feedback. Additionally, the cost of VR equipment and software may be a barrier to
widespread adoption, especially in resource-limited settings.
 VR has the potential to become an integral part of surgical education and training, helping
to improve patient outcomes and advance the field of surgery.
REFERENCES

 Ruoyan Kong, Ruobing Wong, “Virtual Reality System for Invasive Therapy”, 2021 IEEE
Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and Workshops (VRW)
 FABRIZIA MANTOVANI, GIANLUCA CASTELNUOVO,” Virtual Reality Training for
Health-Care Professionals”, CYBERPSYCHOLOGY & BEHAVIOR Volume 6, Number 4,
2003
 Jack Pottle,” Virtual reality and the transformation of medical education”, © Royal College of
Physicians 2019. All rights reserved. 181 Future Healthcare Journal 2019 Vol 6, No 3: 181–5
 Santiago Carre, Byron Perez-Gutierrez,” Lipoma Extraction Surgery Simulation in a Multiuser
Environment”, 2021 IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces Abstracts and
Workshops (VRW)
 Amol Pednekar and Ioannis A. Kakadiaris,” Applications of Virtual Reality In Surgery”
Department of Computer Science University of Houston, TX 77204-3475, USA.
 “Virtual Surgery, Applications and Limitations”. Hoshang Kolivand, Bazli Tomi, Najib Zamri
and Mohd Shahrizal Sunar.
THANK
YOU