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L3 Darwin

The document discusses Charles Darwin's observations that led to his theory of evolution by natural selection. It explains how Darwin noticed species vary globally, locally, and over time. It also describes Darwin's observations of finches on the Galapagos Islands and how this influenced his theory of descent with modification.

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Victoria Warren
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8 views

L3 Darwin

The document discusses Charles Darwin's observations that led to his theory of evolution by natural selection. It explains how Darwin noticed species vary globally, locally, and over time. It also describes Darwin's observations of finches on the Galapagos Islands and how this influenced his theory of descent with modification.

Uploaded by

Victoria Warren
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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L3: Charles Darwin

Essential Question
•How do we
explain
diversity on
Earth?
Darwin’s Observations
• He notices how suited organism were for
their local environments.
• He noticed the different ways they obtained
food, protected themselves, reproduced, and
the different areas they lived.
• He noticed three patterns of diversity:
• Species vary globally
• Species vary locally
• Species vary over time
• Darwin noticed that different, yet
Species Vary ecologically similar species inhabited
separated, but ecologically similar, habitats
Globally around the world.
Species Vary
Locally
• Darwin noticed that
different, yet related,
species often
occupied different
habitats within a
local area.
Species Vary
Over Time
• Darwin noted that
the fossil record
included many
extinct animals that
were similar to, yet
different from,
living species.
He noticed animals and plants were similar
but not identical to the species on the
South American continent.

This resulted in a hypothesis that at some


point individuals from the mainland
migrated to the islands.
Darwin’s
observations He observed slightly different ecosystems
on each island.

He hypothesized that different traits were


favored on different islands resulting in
different traits becoming well established.
Darwin’s Finches on the Galapagos Islands

• The finches had distinct looking


beaks, different habits, diets, and
behaviors that evolved after
generations of adaptation to specific
island habitats.
• They still had similarities to each
other and the mainland finches.
• This is because they all have a
common ancestor from the South
American mainland.
• Descent with modification is the idea that species change over
time, give rise to new species, and share a common ancestor.
Decent with • There are three basic concepts that are helpful in clarifying
Modification how descent with modification works:
• Genetic mutation
• Natural Selection
• Evolution of the population (or species as a whole)
• Note: individuals do not evolve.
The Theory of Natural • Natural selection on the
other hand is the
Selection tendency for organisms
with certain phenotypes
to be more likely to
survive and reproduce in
certain environments.

• The bird can see the tan


mice, so they are eaten.
The black mice survive
and reproduce.
Essential Question
•How do we
explain
diversity on
Earth?

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