INSTITUTE UIE

DEPARTMENT ACADEMIC UNIT-2

Bachelor of Engineering (Computer Science & Engineering)
Subject Name Introduction Electrical & Electronics Engineering
Subject Code 23ECH-101
Prepared By
Dr. Shikha
Unit-1 Chapter-1
Introduction to Digital Electronics
Unit-1 Lecture-1 DISCOVER . LEARN . EMPOWER
1
 Vision & Mission of the Department

To be recognized as a leading Computer Science and Engineering department through effective

Vision of the teaching practices and excellence in research and innovation for creating competent
Department professionals with ethics, values and entrepreneurial attitude to deliver service to society and to
meet the current industry standards at the
global level.

M1: To provide practical knowledge using state-of-the-art technological support for the
experiential learning of our students.
Mission of the M2: To provide industry recommended curriculum and transparent assessment for quality
Department learning experiences.
M3: To create global linkages for interdisciplinary collaborative learning and research.
M4: To nurture advanced learning platform for research and innovation for students’
profound future growth.
M5: To inculcate leadership qualities and strong ethical values through value based
education.

2
 Program Educational Objectives

• PEO.1 Chandigarh University Computer Science and Engineering graduates will have a bright career as Computer
Systems Analyst, Information Security Analyst, Computer Network Architect, Researcher, or Entrepreneur and be able
to adapt to the evolving technical challenges and the changing career opportunities. Also, they will learn to effectively
communicate ideas in oral written or graphical form and to promote collaboration with other members of engineering
teams.
• PEO.2 Chandigarh University Computer Science and Engineering graduates will analyse a problem, identify and define
the computing requirements appropriate to its solution in addition to the ability to design, implement and evaluate a
computer-based system, process, component, or programs to meet desired needs. They will be able to continue to
demonstrate the professional skills and communicative abilities necessary to be competent employees assume
leadership roles and have career success and satisfaction.
• PEO.3 Chandigarh University Computer Science and Engineering Graduates will become productive citizens
demonstrating high ethical and professional standards, make sound engineering or managerial decisions, and have
enthusiasm for the profession and professional growth.
• PEO.4 Chandigarh University Computer Science and Engineering graduates will be successful in modern engineering
practice and entrepreneurship, integrate into the local and global workforce, and contribute to the economy of India.
• PEO.5 Chandigarh University Computer Science and Engineering graduates will continue to acquire and demonstrate
the professional skills necessary to be competent employees, assume leadership roles, and enjoy career success and
satisfaction.

3
 Program Outcomes

• PO.1 Engineering Knowledge: Apply the knowledge of mathematics, science, engineering fundamentals and an
engineering specialization to the solution of complex engineering problems.
• PO.2 Problem Analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature and analyze complex engineering problems
reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles mathematics, natural sciences and
• engineering sciences.
• PO.3 Problem Analysis: Identify, formulate, review research literature and analyze complex engineering
• problems reaching substantiated conclusions using first principles mathematics, natural sciences and
• engineering sciences.
• PO.4 Conduct investigations of Complex Problems: Use research-based knowledge and research methods
• including design of experiments, analysis and interpretation of data and synthesis of the information to
• provide valid conclusion.
• PO.5 Modern Tool Usage: Create, select, and apply appropriate techniques, resources and modern engineering and
IT tools including prediction and modelling to complex engineering activities with an understanding of the
limitations.
• PO.6 The Engineer and Society: Apply reasoning informed by the contextual knowledge to assess societal, health,
safety, legal and cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to the professional engineering practice.

4
 Program Outcomes
• PO.7 Environment and Sustainability: Understand the impact of the professional engineering solutions in
societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge of, and need for sustainable
development
• PO.8 Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms of the
• engineering practice.
• PO.9 Individual and Teamwork: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader in diverse
teams, and in multidisciplinary settings.
• PO.10 Communication: Communicate effectively on complex engineering activities with the engineering
• community and with society at large, such as, being able to comprehend and write effective reports and
• design documentation, make effective presentations, and give and receive clear instructions.
• PO.11 Project Management and Finance: Demonstrate knowledge and understanding of the engineering and
• management principles and apply these to one’s own work, as a member and leader in a team, to manage
projects and in multidisciplinary environments.
• PO.12 Life-long Learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage in
independent and life-long learning in the broadest context to technological change.
5
 Program Specific Outcomes

• PSO.1 Chandigarh University Computer Science and Engineering

graduates will be able to develop knowledge of Common Business
Principles.
• PSO.2 Chandigarh University Computer Science and Engineering
graduates will be able to understand
• contemporary technology, business discipline and service orientation.
• PSO.3 Chandigarh University Computer Science and Engineering
graduates will be able to understand the
• technology abstraction and innovation ability
6
 Lecture
Objectives
S. No. Objectives

1 To make student aware about the basic concept of digital signals and circuits.

2 To aware about need digital electronics.

3 To provide knowledge about advantages and disadvantages of analog and digital electronics.

4 To give brief knowledge about conversion of analog to digital signals.

Figure showing same application but

different technology

7
 Course Objectives

S.
Objectives
No.
1 To understand Merits of digitization.

To enable you to understand common forms of number representation in digital electronic circuits and to
2 be able to convert between different representations.

To Impart Knowledge about various digital circuits and designing of systems

3

Figure showing same application but

different technology

8
 Course Outcomes

CO
Title Level
Number
CO1 To indentify the different types of digital circuits and their difference and to
illustrate the various types of gates. Remember

CO2 To understand the various elements of digital system and to implement their
applications. Understand

CO3 To illustrate the relation between Combinational & Sequential Circuits and to
apply for practical applications. Analyze
CO4 To solve the basic problems related to different types of digital circuits and to
calculate it using various numerical problems. Evaluate
Figure showing same application but
CO5 To create different hardware and software based digital applications.
Create different technology

9
 CO-PO Mapping

Course
PO1 PO2 PO3 PO4 PO5 PO6 PO7 PO8 PO9 PO10 PO11 PO12 PSO1 PSO2 PSO3
Outcome

3 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0
CO1
3 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0
CO2
3 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0
CO3
3 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0
CO4
3 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0
CO5

10
 Introduction to Digital Electronics

• What is digital electronics?

Digital Signal Representation
• Analog vs. Digital

• How conversion of analog to digital occur?

• Benefits of Digital over analog

• Advantages & Disadvantages of digital Electronics

• Applications of digital electronics Figure: Digital data & signal representation

11
 What is Digital Electronics?
Digital electronics deals with the electronic manipulation of numbers, or with the manipulation of varying quantities by means of

numbers. Because it is convenient to do so, today's digital systems deal only with the numbers 'zero' and 'one', because they can be

represented easily by 'off and 'on' within a circuit.

Digital stand for digit, digital electronics basically has two conditions which are possible, 0 (low logic) and 1 (high logic).

Digital electronic systems use a digital signal that are composed of mathematical features to work.

 "1" as true and "0" as false are called bit and the group of bits are named byte.

Digital electronic circuits are usually made from large assemblies of logic gates.

Digital describes electronic technology that generates, stores, and processes data in terms of two states: 1 and number 0.

12
 Analog Vs Digital
Many systems use a maximum of analog and digital electronics to take advantage of each technology.  Example: A typical
CD player accepts digital data from the CD drive and converts it to an analog signal for amplification. Digital data CD drive
10110011101 Analog reproduction of music audio signal Speaker Sound waves Digital-to-analog converter Linear amplifier

Figure: Example Analog vs digital 13

 Analog Signal Vs Digital Signal
Representation

Figure: Digital signal Comprises of only two values Figure: Analog Signal comprises of infinite values
High by 1 bit(5V) & Low by 0 bit(0V) between given limits

14
How the conversion of Analog to
Digital Occur?

Analog to Digital converter

Digital to Analog converter

Figure : Conversion of analog to digital

15
 Benefits of Digital over Analog
Reproducibility

Not effected by noise

Ease of design

 Data protection

Programmable

 High speed communication

16
 Advantages of Digital Electronics
 Computer-controlled digital systems can be controlled by software, allowing new functions to be added without changing
hardware.

Information storage can be easier in digital systems than in analog ones.

The noise-immunity of digital systems permits data to be stored and retrieved without noise.

In a digital system are easier to design and more precise representation of a signal can be obtained by using more binary digits to
represent it.

More digital circuitry can be fabricated on IC chips.

Error management method can be inserted into the signal path. To detect errors, and then either correct the errors, or at least ask
for a new copy of the data.

17
 Disadvantages of Digital Electronics
Conversion to digital format and re-conversion to analog format is needed, which always include the lost of information.

In some cases, digital circuits use more energy than analog circuits and produce more heat and need heat sinks.

Digital circuits are sometimes more expensive, especially in small quantities.

18
 Applications of Digital Electronics
It's application are infinite, ranging for high end computing to miniature circuits that can be very versatile, signal
processing, communication etc. Digital Electronics is currently rapidly developing and removing conventional analogue
machines due to its high speed, more accuracy and greater flexibility

19
Figure: Applications of Digital
Applications of Digital Electronics
The digital system send the data in the form of packets of digital codes, thus we can encode and decode them in

various formats and codes.

 Data encryption is also possible in the digital systems, hence the data transmission is more secure, and can be

manipulated in many formats

Digital systems are much advantageous in communications Data Transmission using Digital Systems

20
 Summarization
Today’s fast growing technology need the evolution of digital electronics.

Speed ,Space & Accuracy are key parameters of digital system.

Every signal is by default analog in nature but as per the need conversions are done to make it work in digital system.

Infinite application can be seen around which very well explain the need of digital electronics

21
 REFERENCES
1. https://www.google.com/search?q=number+system+in+digital+electronics&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUK
EwjOsbqmnvPiAhXPZCsKHXrSBJYQ_AUIESgC&biw=1366&bih=657#imgrc=DBR-RpBVZAmHDM:
2. https://www.google.com/search?q=decimal+to+binary&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi6nMvW5uHiAh
VBXSsKHUgGC60Q_AUIECgB&biw=1517&bih=730#imgrc=cl-xz1ixddfv9M
3. www.cse.yorku.ca/~mack/1011/01.NumberSystems.ppt
4. https://www.google.com/search?q=binary+to+grey+conversion&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjD6vrQi
-PiAhVMSX0KHftLDngQ_AUIECgB&biw=1366&bih=657#imgrc=bkt5qsZlpTZ1sM
5. http://www.geeksforgeeks.org/digital-electronics-logic-design-tutorials/
6. https://www.google.com/search?q=binary+to+grey+conversion&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjD6vrQi
-PiAhVMSX0KHftLDngQ_AUIECgB&biw=1366&bih=657#imgrc=bkt5qsZlpTZ1sM
7. http://www.ni.com/example/14493/en/
8. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/digital_electronics/index.asp
9. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/computer_logical_organization/complement_arithmetic.htm
10. Floyd & Jain, Digital Fundamentals, Pearson.
11. Mano, Morris, Digital Design, Prentice Hall of India.
12. Fletcher, An Engineering Approach to digital design, Prentice Hall of India.

22
 References
Video link for Digital Electronics
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2xXErGeeb_Q
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=M0mx8S05v60&list=PLBlnK6fEyqRjMH3mWf6kwqiTbT798eAOm

E Book for Digital Electronics

https://www.electronicsforu.com/resources/15-free-electronics-ebooks
Other important link
NPTEL
https://nptel.ac.in/courses/108/105/108105132/
https://nptel.ac.in/courses/117/106/117106086/
https://executivefunctioningsuccess.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/06/analog-vs-digital.png
http://www.technologyuk.net/telecommunications/telecom-principles/images/digital_signal02.gif

23
THANK YOU