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Presentation Ethernet 1

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52 views26 pages

Presentation Ethernet 1

Uploaded by

D Trần
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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• Standard Ethernet

• Automotive Ethernet
• Physical layer
• Data link layer (IPv4/IPv6)
• Transport layer (TCP/UDP)
• Application layer (Some/ip)
Standard Ethernet
Automotive Ethernet
Protocol structure
1 Physical Layer:

 IEEE 100BASE-T1
 IEEE 100BASE-TX
 IEEE 1000BASE-T
IEEE 100BASE-T1

- Twisted-pair cable.
- Point to point.
- Symmetrical voltage differences represent different logic
levels.
- Encoding: 4B3B, 3B2T, PAM3.
- Full duplex, bit rate 100 Mbit/s.
- Synchronization: Master-Slave. (The Master generates a
continuous symbol stream for Slave synchronization)
IEEE 100BASE-TX

- A pair of twisted-pair cables (typically using Cat5 cable).


- Point to Point. One cable is used for Tx, and one cable is
used for Rx.
- Transmitting voltage represents different logic levels.
- Encoding: NRZI, 4B5B, and MLT-3.
- Bit rate: 100 Mbit/s. Full duplex
IEEE 1000BASE-T

- 4 channels, each channel with a twisted-pair cable (Cat5e


cable).
- Point to point.
- Transmitting voltage represents different logic levels.
- Encoding: 8B1Q4, Trellis, Viterbi, PAM5. Bit rate: 1000
Mbit/s. Full duplex.
- Synchronization via the Master-Slave mechanism, although
the node types are not fixed.
MAC and VLAN (Data Link layer)

- The function of the Data Link Layer (ETHC):


+ Addressing of nodes.
+ Bus access method.
- Utilizes Ethernet frames at this layer by linking
symbols at the Physical Layer.
- Allows multiple nodes to participate in the network
through a Switch to avoid conflicts on the bus. Each
node must have collision detection functionality on the
bus.
Addressing

- Node addressing is used to send messages within an Ethernet


network. In a LAN, each node has a MAC address.
- Nodes are assigned a unique MAC address (equipment
manufacturer) used in Unicast.

- In situations where you want to send a message to multiple


nodes, Multicast addresses are used.

- To send to all nodes, the Broadcast address is used.

- VLAN: an extended field in the address. It allows


distinguishing communication within an overall network. An
ECU can be a member of one or multiple VLANs, depending on
the purpose of that virtual network.
ETHERNET FRAME
Internet layer: IPv4/IPv6

- The Internet Protocol (IP) protocol allows Ethernet


networks to extend beyond the boundaries of a
local LAN. To connect different LANs, a Router is
required
IPv4

- Four-byte addresses are separated by periods (e.g., 192.168.10.1). Public IPv4 addresses
have been allocated over the years, but there are also Local IPv4 or Private IPv4 addresses
used in internal networks (as Routers do not route these addresses to the Internet)
IPv4 : Subnet mask

- An IP address essentially consists of two parts:


+ Network address: on the left
+ Host address: on the right
- The set of 1 bits on the left indicates the number of bits in
the Network Address.
- The set of 0 bits on the right indicates the number of bits in
the Host Address
IPv6

- IPv6 was developed to address the shortage of IPv4 addresses and optimize the routing process.
- IPv6 addresses are 128 bits long (16 bytes), with each pair of bytes separated by a colon (':').
Transport layer: TCP, UDP
TCP

- TCP requires an established connection


between two nodes before datagrams can be
transmitted and received. Represented at
this point are the IP address and port
number of the two nodes.
- The three-way handshake procedure is used
to establish the connection
- TCP does not allow for Broadcast and
Multicast transmission.
- However, its advantage is ensuring that
datagrams are transmitted correctly and
completely
UDP

- UDP allows for the simple transmission of


datagrams, without mechanisms to
ensure perfect or successful data delivery.
- The advantage of UDP is that it is
lightweight and straightforward, without
waiting for other nodes.
Application layer (Some/ip)
Some/ip message
Some/ip message
Some/ip communication

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