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3 Logical Connectives

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Nikki Palicpic
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20 views

3 Logical Connectives

Uploaded by

Nikki Palicpic
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 3

LOGIC
A proposition , which is a
declarative statement with a
distinct logical value, an either be
SIMPLE (atomic) or COMPOUND
(complex or molecular)
propositions.
TYPE LOGICAL SYMBOLIC READ AS
OPERATOR FORM
NEGATION NOT ̰ NOT P

CONJUNCTION AND/BUT ^ P AND Q

DISJUNCTION OR v P OR Q

CONDITIONAL IF… THEN IF P, THEN Q

BI- IF AND ONLY IF P IF AND OLY


CONDITIONAL IF Q
A- Apple
B- Ball
C- Cat
D- Dog
Let’s use the logical connectives.

Dog and Cat

Apple and not Cat

Cat or Dog

If not Dog, then Cat


EITHER/ NEITHER ()

Either (Ginagamit ito kapag positive ang statement na may


logical operator na OR. ) Open and Close parenthesis ang
symbol nia. EX: (r v s) Either r or s

Neither (Ginagamit ito kapag negative ang statements na


may logical operator na NOR.) Ang symbol nito ay negation
ng either. EX: ~(r v s ) Neither r nor s
Convert the following english sentences to mathematical
symbols based on the following simple propositions.
p – Daniel attends the opera concert
q- Kim attends the opera concert
r – Lyka perform in the opera concert
s- Gwen performs in the opera concert
Either Daniel (p) and Kim (q) attend
the opera concert or Lyka performs in
the opera concert.

Answer : (p ᶺ q) ᵥ r
Daniel attends the opera concert and
either Kim attends the opera concert or
Gwen will not perform in the opera
concert.

Answer: p ᶺ ( q v
Daniel and Kim will not both attend the
opera, but Lyka and Gwen will both not
perform in the opera concert.
Either Daniel or Kim attends the opera
concert, but neither Lyka or Gwen
performs in the opera concert.
If Kim attends the opera concert,
then Gwen will not perform in the
concert.
Lyka will not perform in the opera concert if
and only if Gwen will perform in the opera
concert; but Daniel will not attend the opera
concert.
WELL-FORMED FORMULA

A propositions is called a well-formed formula (wff) if it is


constructed with the following set of rules.
1. Any atomic proposition is a well formed formula.
2. If p is a well-formed formulas, then ~p is also a well-
formed formula.
3. If p and q are well formed formulas, then (p ᶺq) is also a
well-formed formula.
4. If p and q are well- formed formulas, then (p v q) is also a
well-formed formula.
5. If p and q are well formed formula, then (p→q) is also a
well formed formula
6. If p and q are well formed formulas, then (p↔q) is also a
well formed formula.

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