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Nutrient Procurement and Processing PDF

The document discusses nutrient procurement and processing in plants. It covers the nutritional requirements of plants including water, carbon dioxide, and essential nutrients. It describes specialized structures that help plants absorb nutrients like root hairs, root nodules, and mycorrhizae. The document also discusses nutritional adaptations in plants through symbiosis, parasitism, and predation.

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58 views29 pages

Nutrient Procurement and Processing PDF

The document discusses nutrient procurement and processing in plants. It covers the nutritional requirements of plants including water, carbon dioxide, and essential nutrients. It describes specialized structures that help plants absorb nutrients like root hairs, root nodules, and mycorrhizae. The document also discusses nutritional adaptations in plants through symbiosis, parasitism, and predation.

Uploaded by

mnervadesu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Nutrient

Procurement
and Processing
What do you think are the
important activities for the
maintenance of life?
NUTRIENT

●
refers to any substance required for the
growth and maintenance of an organism.
TWO TYPES OF ORGANISM BASED ON
MODE OF NUTRITION:
●
A. autotrophs – organisms that obtain
energy from sunlight and chemicals to
produce their own food.
●
Examples: plants; chemosynthetic
bacteria
TWO TYPES OF ORGANISM BASED ON
MODE OF NUTRITION:
●
B. heterotrophs – organisms that cannot
make their own food and obtain their
energy from other organisms.
●
Examples: animals, fungi
NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF PLANTS

● A. water
● B. carbon dioxide
○ Further, note that water and carbon dioxide are

the raw materials needed for photosynthesis,


the process by which plants convert the energy
from sunlight into chemical energy.
NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENTS OF PLANTS

● C. essential nutrients or elements – which include


macronutrients which are normally required in amounts
above 0.5% of the plant’s dry weight; and micronutrients
which are required in minute or trace amounts;
○ examples of macronutrients: C, H, O, N, K, Ca, Mg, P,

S
○ examples of micronutrients: Cl, Fe, B, Mn, Zn, Co, Mo
ROUTES FOR ABSORPTION ACROSS ROOTS
1. SYMPLAST ROUTE- through plasmodesmata
a. are co-axial membranous channels that cross walls of

adjacent plant cells, linking the cytoplasm, plasma


membranes and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of cells and
allowing direct cytoplasmic cell-to-cell communication of
both small molecules and macromolecules (proteins and
RNA).

2. APOBLAST ROUTE - along cell walls


SPECIALIZED ABSORPTIVE STRUCTURES
A. root hairs – slender extensions of specialized
epidermal cells that greatly increase the surface
area available for absorption.
SPECIALIZED ABSORPTIVE STRUCTURES
B. root nodules – localized swellings in roots of
certain plants where bacterial cells exist
symbiotically with the plant. The bacteria help
the plant fix nitrogen and in turn, the bacteria
are able to utilize some organic compounds
provided by the plant.
SPECIALIZED ABSORPTIVE STRUCTURES
3. mycorrhizae (singular, mycorrhiza) – a
symbiotic interaction between a young root and
a fungus. The fungus obtains sugars and
nitrogen-containing compounds from root cells
while the plant is able to get some scarce
minerals that the fungus is better able to absorb
from the soil.
NUTRITIONAL ADAPTATION IN PLANTS
A. Symbiosis of plants and soil
microbes

Prominent examples of plant-
microbe interactions are the
symbioses of plants with
nitrogen fixing bacteria and
with mycorrhizal fungi, which
alter the ability of the plants
to grow on low nutrient soils
and offer pathogen
protection
NUTRITIONAL ADAPTATION IN PLANTS
B. Symbiosis of plants and
fungi
Prominent examples of plant-
microbe interactions are the
symbioses of plants with
nitrogen fixing bacteria and
with mycorrhizal fungi, which
alter the ability of the plants to
grow on low nutrient soils and
offer pathogen protection
NUTRITIONAL ADAPTATION IN PLANTS
C. Parasitism
parasitic plant, plant that obtains all
or part of its nutrition from another
plant (the host) without contributing
to the benefit of the host and, in
some cases, causing extreme
damage to the host.
The defining structural feature of a
parasitic plant is the haustorium, a
specialized organ that penetrates the dodder flowers
host and forms a vascular union
between the plants.
NUTRITIONAL ADAPTATION IN PLANTS
C. Predation
An insectivorous plant has specialized leaves to
attract and digest insects. The Venus flytrap is
popularly known for its insectivorous mode of
nutrition, and has leaves that work as traps.

The minerals it obtains from prey compensate


for those lacking in the boggy (low pH) soil of
its native North Carolina coastal plains.

There are three sensitive hairs in the center of Venus flytrap


each half of each leaf. The edges of each leaf
are covered with long spines. Nectar secreted
by the plant attracts flies to the leaf.
NUTRITIONAL ADAPTATION IN PLANTS
When a fly touches the sensory hairs,
the leaf immediately closes.

Next, fluids and enzymes break down


the prey and minerals are absorbed
by the leaf.

Since this plant is popular in the


horticultural trade, it is threatened in
its original habitat Venus flytrap

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