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Claire Singson
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Models

Uploaded by

Claire Singson
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COMMUNICATIO

ENCODING N CHANNEL

SENDER MESSAGE

DECODING RECEIVER

FEEDBAC
K
_______________ 1. Initiator of the conversation
________________2. wherein you can use certain words
or non-verbal methods such as symbols, signs, body
gestures, etc. to translate the information into a message.
________________3. can be written, oral, symbolic or
non-verbal such as body gestures, silence, sighs, sounds,
etc. or any other signal that triggers the response of a
receiver.
COMMUNICATIO
ENCODING N CHANNEL

SENDER MESSAGE

DECODING RECEIVER

FEEDBAC
K
________________4. the medium through which he wants to
convey his message to the recipient.
_______________5. for whom the message is intended or
targeted.
_______________6. the receiver interprets the sender’s
message and tries to understand it in the best possible
manner.
_______________7. final step of the process
MODELS OF Subject teacher:
COMMUNICATION Claire Singson
MELC: Differentiates the various
models of communication
At the end of the lesson, you will be able to:
a) Distinguish the various models of communication;
b) Explain the process of communication through the
elements involved; and,
c) Recognize the importance of the models in understanding
the communication process as applied in everyday life.
WHAT IS A MODEL?
A model is widely used to depict any idea, thought
or a concept in a simpler way through diagrams,
pictorial representations etc.
LINEAR COMMUNICATION
type of communication where
someone sends a message
WITHOUT getting any feedback
from the receiver of the message
ARISTOTLE’S MODEL OF COMMUNICATION
Aristotle argues we should look at five elements
of a communication event to analyze how best to
communicate: speaker, speech, occasion,
target audience and effect. He also identified
three elements that will improve communication:
ethos (credibility), pathos (ability to connect)
and logos (logical argument). Aristotle’s model
does not pay attention to the role of feedback in
communication.
SHANNON-WEAVER’S MODEL OF COMMUNICATION

MOTHER OF COMMUNICATION MODELS


Shannon-Weaver model sees communication
occurring in five key parts: sender, encoder, channel,
decoder, receiver. It emphasizes the importance of
encoding and decoding messages for them to be sent
(e.g. turning them into written words, morse code, etc.).
During the process of encoding, sending and decoding,
‘noise’ occurs that can disrupt or cloud a message. In
the most traditional sense, this may be static on a radio
broadcast, or even extend to mishearing a conversation
or misspelling an email. This model was the first to
introduce the role of noise in the communication
process.
LASWELL’S MODEL OF
COMMUNICATION
Lasswell’s model of communication tries to
understand a communication event by asking five
important questions. It looks at who created the
message (and what their bias may be), what they
said, the channel they said it through (e.g. TV,
radio, blog), who they said it two, and what effect
it had on the receiver. This model is effective as it
provides a very simple and practical way of
critiquing a message and exploring five
important elements that can help explain the
event under analysis in more detail.
BERLO’S S-M-C-R MODEL
•S: Source: The communication skills, attitudes,
knowledge, societal system and culture of the person
sending the message.
•M: Message: The structure, elements, content, and
management of the message, as well as any code, jargon
or specific language that may be used.
•C: Channel: How the message is transmitted, and how it
affects the senses of sight, hearing, touch, smell and taste.
•R: Receiver: Who encounters the message, their attitude,
knowledge, communication skills, societal system and
culture.
INTERACTIVE
COMMUNICATION

an exchange of ideas of BOTH


participants
The Westley and Maclean model embraces the
importance of feedback in communication. However, it
also emphasizes the important role of environmental and
cultural factors in influencing communication. It shows that
the things we say and communicate are influenced by
who we are, what our background is, and what
perspective we are approaching issues from. The
model takes into account the object of
orientation (background, culture and beliefs) of the
sender and receiver of messages. It also considers the
message to have been received and sent within a broader
social context that needs to be considered to know and
understand the message.
SCHRAMM’S MODEL OF
COMMUNICATION
THE OSGOOD-SCHRAMM MODEL EXPLORES COMMUNICATION THAT IS EQUAL AND RECIPROCAL.
IT DOES NOT DIFFERENTIATE BETWEEN THE SENDER AND RECEIVER, BUT SEES EACH AS BEING IN
AN EQUAL POSITION AS MESSAGE ENCODERS AND DECODERS.
THIS MODEL IS BEST FOR EXPLAINING AND EXAMINING PERSONAL SYNCHRONOUS
COMMUNICATION WHERE FEEDBACK IS IMMEDIATE (SUCH AS FACE-TO-FACE DISCUSSIONS). AS
FEEDBACK IS IMMEDIATE, NOISE CAN BE REDUCED THROUGH ONGOING CLARIFICATION OF
MESSAGES DURING THE CONVERSATION.
TRANSACTIONAL
COMMUNICATION

continuous exchange of
information where both the sender
and receiver are involved in the
process and TAKE TURNS to
communicate messages.
TRANSACTIONAL MODEL OF COMMUNICATION
BARNLUND’S TRANSACTIONAL MODEL
Barnlund’s Transactional Model of Communication is
a model that explores interpersonal, immediate-
feedback communication. Central to this approach is
the idea that feedback for the sender is the reply for
the receiver.
This model also highlights the role of ‘cues’ in
impacting our messages. Barnlund highlights the role
of public cues ​which are environmental cues,
and private cues which are a person’s personal
thoughts and background. With this emphasis on
cues, Barnlund’s model highlights the factors that
influence what we think and say.
Dance’s Helical Model builds on circular models by
explaining how we improve our messages over time
by using feedback. When we communicate with others,
their feedback will influence our next statement.
We become more knowledgeable with each cycle of
communication, enabling up to ‘expand our circle’, as
represented by the increasingly wider and wider circles.
The movement up the spiral indicates that each
communication practice is new and different from the
previous, as communication does not ever perfectly
repeat itself.
Creating Your Own Communication Model

If you were given a chance to make your own model of


communication, how are you going to create and
illustrate it? Draw your own diagram.

Note: You can have your basis on the models of


communication discussed. Try to revise them based on
your preference.

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