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Unit 5 Image Processing and Multimedia Syatem

The document discusses image processing including an overview of digital images, the fundamental steps in digital image processing such as acquisition, enhancement, restoration, color processing and more. It also discusses image processing software, common image file formats, and basic image editing techniques like cropping, resizing, correcting, sharpening and softening.

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baharudinabdo996
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28 views

Unit 5 Image Processing and Multimedia Syatem

The document discusses image processing including an overview of digital images, the fundamental steps in digital image processing such as acquisition, enhancement, restoration, color processing and more. It also discusses image processing software, common image file formats, and basic image editing techniques like cropping, resizing, correcting, sharpening and softening.

Uploaded by

baharudinabdo996
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Unit 5 Sys t e m s

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Overview of Image Processing

• An image can be the one generated by you on the computer screen or


available using a scanner/camera.

• The field of digital image processing refers to processing digital images


by means of a digital computer.

• A digital image is composed of a finite number of elements, each of


which has a particular location and value.

• Pixel is the term used most widely to denote the elements of a digital
image.
The fundamental steps in digital image processing are:
• Image acquisition: the image acquisition stage involves preprocessing,
such as scaling

• Image enhancement: It is the process of manipulating an image

• Image restoration: It is an area that also deals with improving the


appearance of an image

• Color image processing: It is an area that has been gaining in


importance

• Wavelets: These are the foundation for representing images in various


Continued

• Compression: reducing the storage required for saving an image,


or the bandwidth required to transmit it.

• Morphological processing: extracting image components that are


useful in the representation and description of shape.

• Segmentation: partition an image into its constituent parts or


objects.

• Representation and description: These almost always follow the


output of a segmentation stage,
Continued

• Recognition: It is the process that assigns a label to an object


based on its descriptors
Image processing
• Image processing is the set of computational techniques for analyzing,
enhancing, compressing, and reconstructing images, generally with a
digital computer.

• Its main components are importing, in which an image is captured


through scanner or digital camera; analysis and manipulation of the
image, accomplished using various specialized software applications;
and output

• Image processing is used in many areas, for example, astronomy,


medicine, industrial robotics, and remote sensing by satellites
Image Processing Software

• Image processing software is used for organizing, retouching, and


editing images that have been saved on CDs and DVDs, scanned
in, or transferred directly from the camera to PC.

• This software allows you to edit and crop out unwanted


“strangers”, remove the red-eye effect, or put one person’s head on
another person’s body.
Some of the useful image processing software programs are:

Dxo Optics Pro Photo Editor

MS-Paint  Photoshop

Capture One Pro Photoshop is a popular image processing


software that provides numerous tools for
Photo Styler
editing an image.
Bibble
Image processing software allows you to
Photo Explosion
retouch photographs, adjust the contrast
 Picture Windows Pro
and the colors and add special effects,
Picture Project such as shadows.
Image file format
There Are Two Basic Forms Of Computer Graphics:

1. Bitmap images are formed from a matrix of pixels with different colors.
These images have large file sizes that are determined by the image’s
dimensions in pixels and color depth. To reduce this problem, some
graphic formats such as GIF and JPEG store the images in compressed
format.

2. Vector graphics are really just a set of graphical objects such as lines,
rectangles, ellipses, arcs, or curves, called primitives in the image. Draw
programs, also called vector graphics programs, are a format widely used
by computer-aided programs to create detailed engineering and design
drawings, and have become popular in multimedia for 3D animation.
Some of the image file formats are:
BMP (Bitmap)

Gif (Graphics Interchange Format)

JPEG (Joint Picture Experts Group)

PNG (Portable Network Graphic)

TIFF (Tagged Image File Format)

WMF (Windows Metafile)


The basic image editing involves the following:

 Adjusting tonality, the black, grey and white Levels in an image.

 Adjusting the range of colors within an image, its Color Balance.

 Cropping an image, creating a new file containing only a portion of


the original.

Resizing an image, creating a new file with different proportions


than the original.

Saving or Undoing changes you have made.


Basic image editing
Cropping

• Cropping is the process of removing portions of an image


to create focus or strengthen the composition.

• You can crop an image using the Crop Tool and the Crop
command.

• You can also trim pixels using the Crop And Straighten
and the Trim commands.
Resizing

• There will be times when you need to make an object bigger or smaller as
you copy it from one picture to another.

Correcting

• Adjusting proper intensity, contrast range, and color balance is very easy
using image processing programs. Suppose, we want the color adjustment.

Sharpening/Softening

• a scanned image is not as sharp as you might wish. Sometimes you may
get very sharp image. So, you may require sharpening/softening of the
image.

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