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Matter and Its Properties

This document provides an overview of general chemistry topics including the definition of matter, states of matter, physical and chemical properties and changes, classification of pure substances and mixtures, and types of mixtures. It defines matter as anything that occupies space and has mass. The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. Physical properties depend on the amount of matter but chemical properties form new substances. Pure substances are either elements or compounds while mixtures contain two or more substances combined physically.

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Ruviannemay May
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5 views

Matter and Its Properties

This document provides an overview of general chemistry topics including the definition of matter, states of matter, physical and chemical properties and changes, classification of pure substances and mixtures, and types of mixtures. It defines matter as anything that occupies space and has mass. The three states of matter are solid, liquid, and gas. Physical properties depend on the amount of matter but chemical properties form new substances. Pure substances are either elements or compounds while mixtures contain two or more substances combined physically.

Uploaded by

Ruviannemay May
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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General

Chemistry I
What is
Matter?
"Matter is everything
that occupies space
and has mass"
States of
matter
Three states of matter
Solid, Liquid, and Gas
Phase Changes of Matter
Physical and
Chemical
Properties and
Changes
Physical properties
This include odor, color,
volume, state (gas,
liquid, or solid), density,
melting point, and
boiling point.
Intensive property
●also called intrinsic property,
depends only on the type of
matter in a sample and not on the
amount.
●Example: Color, melting point,
boiling point, density,
solubility, conductivity,
malleability, luster and
viscosity.
Extensive property
●or the extrinsic property is those
that can be affected by size and
amount of samples.
●Example: mass, volume,
length, and shape.
Chemical properties
The ability of
something to form new
substances.
●Example: wood burning, giving off
heat and gases and leaving a residue
of ashes
●rusting of the steel
●the digestion of food in our stomachs
●the growth of grass in our gardens
Identify if Physical or Chemical
Property
●Gallium metal melts in your hand.
●Platinum does not react with
oxygen at room temperature.
●The bond paper is white.
Identify if Physical or Chemical
Property
● The copper sheets that form the roofing
of some homes have acquired a greenish
coating over the years.
● Mothballs pass directly into the gaseous
state in your cabinet.
Physical Change
Changes affecting the
form of a substance but
not its chemical
composition
Ice
Chemical Change
A chemical reaction
forms new products
Electrolysis
Identify if Physical or Chemical Change

●Iron metal is melted.


●Iron combines with oxygen to form
rust.
●Wood burns in air.
●A rock is broken into small pieces.
Classification
of Matter
Pure Substances
●is a matter that has a definite
composition and distinct
properties. It can be either
element or a compound.
Elements
● Simplest form of matter composed
of only one kind of atom.
● It is a pure substance that cannot be
decomposed into simpler substance
by ordinary chemical means.
Compounds
●Elements react with each other to
form a compound, a pure substance
containing two or more kinds of
atom chemically combined in a
definite proportion by mass.
Compounds
●unlike elements, compounds can
be separated into simple
substances, but only through
chemical means.
Mixtures
●are composed of two or more
substances (elements and/or
compounds) combined
physically in variable
composition.
Mixtures
●In the formation of a mixture,
components retain their
properties and can be separated
by physical means.
Mixtures can be
classified as either
homogeneous or
heterogeneous
Homogeneous Mixture
●It is the same throughout. For
example, when we dissolve some
salt in water and stir well, all
regions of the resulting mixture
have the same properties.
A homogeneous
mixture is also called
a solution.
Heterogenous Mixture

●It is a mixture which composition


varies from one position to another
within a given sample.
Suspensions
●Consist of coarse particles
visible in the naked eye. Some
of the particles settle out of
the mixture upon standing.
Colloids
●Consist of dispersed phase, a
substance which is dissolved or
scattered and dispersing medium, a
substance into which the dispersed
phase is spread. The particles of a
colloid settle down slowly.
Tyndall Effect
●The scattering of visible light
by colloidal particles.

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