Scribd
Upload
31 views

Multiplexing

it is the special notes of data communication and networking. it is very essential notes.check it and replay me, that how is this.

Uploaded by

muhammadsaudm19a
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
31 views

Multiplexing

it is the special notes of data communication and networking. it is very essential notes.check it and replay me, that how is this.

Uploaded by

muhammadsaudm19a
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 9

Data Communication

Presented by: Jawad Akhtar


Types of Multiplexing

Multiplexing

Analog Digital

FDM WDM TDM


WDM(Wave length Division Multiplexing)

 As the name wave, which comes from the light wave


 So when ever we are going to multiplex the light signals then it is
called WDM.
 As we use light in optical signals, So we can say that we are going to
combine optical signals.
 Let us suppose we have three light waves.(L1,L2,L3).
WDM(Wave length Division Multiplexing)

 WDM is exactly the same as FDM, but here the light signals are
merged instead of frequencies.
 FDM use Twisted Pair, coaxial cables.
 WDM use fibre optic .
 WDM is done using prism.
TDM(Time-Division Multiplexing)

 Time-division multiplexing (TDM) is a digital process that allows


several connections to share the high bandwidth of a line Instead of
sharing a portion of the bandwidth as in FDM, time is shared. Each
connection occupies a portion of time in the link.
Types of TDM

TDM

synchronous statistical.
Synchronous TDM

 In synchronous TDM, each input sender is allocated a time slot even if it is not sending
data. In synchronous TDM, the data of each sender is divided into units, where each
sender occupies one input time slot.
 In synchronous TDM,Time slots are grouped into frames. A frame consists of one
complete cycle of time slots, with one slot dedicated to each sending device. In a
system with n input lines, each frame has n slots, with each slot allocated to carrying
data from a specific input line.
Empty Slots

 Synchronous TDM is not as efficient as it could be. If a source does


not have data to send, the corresponding slot in the output frame is
empty. The following figure shows a case in which one of the input
lines has no data to send and one slot in another input line has
discontinuous data.

 The implementation of TDM is not as simple as that of FDM. Synchronization


between the multiplexer and demultiplexer is a major issue. If the,
multiplexer and the demultiplexer are not synchronized, a bit belonging to
one channel may be received by the wrong channel.
Statistical Time-Division Multiplexing:

 In synchronous TDM, each input has a reserved slot in the output


frame. This can be inefficient if some input lines have no data to
send. In statistical time-division multiplexing, slots are dynamically
allocated to improve bandwidth efficiency. Only when an input line
has a slot's worth of data to send is it given a slot in the output
frame.
 In statistical TDM, a slot needs to carry data as well as the address
of the destination.

You might also like