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Lecture No 2

This document discusses key concepts related to web engineering. It defines the web and its components, including frontend development, backend development, databases, security, and testing. It also covers web categories, three-tier architecture, client-server architecture, web services, software as a service (SaaS), and client-side versus server-side scripting.

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Alishba Noor
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20 views

Lecture No 2

This document discusses key concepts related to web engineering. It defines the web and its components, including frontend development, backend development, databases, security, and testing. It also covers web categories, three-tier architecture, client-server architecture, web services, software as a service (SaaS), and client-side versus server-side scripting.

Uploaded by

Alishba Noor
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Web Engineering

By Dr. Ali Saeed


What is Web
• The web, or World Wide Web, is a network of
interconnected documents and resources
accessed via the internet. It facilitates
information sharing, communication, and
various online activities globally
Web Engineering and its components
1. Frontend Development: Creation of user interfaces using HTML,
CSS, and JavaScript.
2. Backend Development: Implementation of server-side logic and
database management using languages like PHP, Python, or
frameworks like Node.js.
3. Database Management: Design and maintenance of databases
using systems like MySQL, PostgreSQL, or MongoDB.
4. Security Measures: Implementation of encryption, authentication,
and other security measures to protect against vulnerabilities like
SQL injection and XSS.
5. Quality Assurance and Testing: Testing for functionality, reliability,
and performance to ensure a satisfactory user experience.
Web Categories
• Web categories refer to the classification of websites into different
groups or types based on their content, purpose, or function.
1. Informational
2. E-commerce
3. Social Media
4. Entertainment
5. Educational
6. Business/Corporate
7. Governmental/Institutional
8. Personal
9. Health and Wellness
10.News and Media
Three Tier Architecture
• Three-tier architecture is a well-
established software application
architecture that organizes applications
into three logical and physical computing
tiers: the presentation tier, or user
interface; the application tier, where data is
processed; and the data tier, where the
data associated with the application
Three Tier Architecture
Three Tier Architecture
• The Presentation tier - the part of the application which is
visible to the user; it enables the input of requirements and
the presentation of results.
• The Application tier (also functional) - the middle layer of the
model (middleware), it assures the calculations and
operations performed between input-output requirements
and data. Also known as the application server.
• The Data tier (also database) - the lowest layer of the model,
it ensures all operations with data, i.e. database management
system and basic data-base operations for functional storage,
selection, aggregation, processing, integrity, and data audit.
Client-Server Architecture
• This pattern consists of two parties; a server and
multiple clients.
• The server component will provide services to
multiple client components.
• Clients request services from the server and the
server provides relevant services to those clients.
• The server continues to listen to client requests.
• It uses the concept of distributed computing
• It is most widely used distributed system architecture
Client-Server Architecture
• A server is a machine which provide the services to the
clients
• Server is a machine that takes requests and provide
responses.
• There might more then one clients and server machines in
the network.
• Today most common example of server is web servers that
provide you web pages (works using HPPT protocol).
• A server can also provide more then one services at the
same time
Client-Server Architecture
• Usage
– Online applications
– Email
– Document sharing
– Banking.
Client-Server Architecture

Figure 2.2: Client- Server Architecture


Web Service
• A web service is any piece of software that makes itself
available over the internet and uses a standardized XML
messaging system.
• A web service is a software system that supports
interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a
network.
• Web services are open standard (XML, SOAP, HTTP,
etc.) based web applications that interact with other
web applications for the purpose of exchanging data.
Web services can convert your existing applications into
web applications.
XML Example

https://openweathermap.org/current#current_XML
Software As A Service
• Software as a service (or SaaS) is a way
of delivering applications over the
Internet—as a service.
• Instead of installing and maintaining
software, you simply access it via the
Internet, freeing yourself from complex
software and hardware management.
SaaS
• Instead of developing Software purchase
services from third party
• Like automate a university system, HR system
etc.
• Here we will move to a company that already
has solution to our problem
• It is normally paid and data is on cloud
• Common example Dropbox, gmail
Client Side Scripting
 Execution of scripts on the user's browser rather than on the server.
 Allows for dynamic interactions and changes to web pages without constant
communication with the server.
 Common languages include JavaScript, HTML, and CSS.
 Enables features such as form validation, interactive menus, and real-time
updates without page reloading.
 Enhances user experience by providing a more responsive and interactive
interface.
Server Side Scripting
• Executes scripts on the server before sending the webpage
to the client's browser.
• Handles processing and manipulation of data on the
server.
• Common languages for server-side scripting include PHP,
Python (with frameworks like Django or Flask), Ruby
(with frameworks like Ruby on Rails), and Node.js.
• Enables dynamic content generation based on user input
or database queries.
• Provides security by keeping sensitive operations and data
on the server, preventing direct access by clients.
Thank You!

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