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AdMath 1. Matrix 1

The document discusses matrices and their properties. It defines a matrix as a rectangular array of numbers with m rows and n columns. The main types of matrices covered are square, identity, diagonal and triangular matrices. Operations on matrices such as addition, subtraction and multiplication are also explained. Matrix multiplication involves multiplying the rows of the first matrix with the columns of the second. Transposition of a matrix involves interchanging its rows and columns.

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Satoru Fujinuma
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© © All Rights Reserved
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19 views

AdMath 1. Matrix 1

The document discusses matrices and their properties. It defines a matrix as a rectangular array of numbers with m rows and n columns. The main types of matrices covered are square, identity, diagonal and triangular matrices. Operations on matrices such as addition, subtraction and multiplication are also explained. Matrix multiplication involves multiplying the rows of the first matrix with the columns of the second. Transposition of a matrix involves interchanging its rows and columns.

Uploaded by

Satoru Fujinuma
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ADVANCED MATHEMATICS

BSME-2ND YEAR
TOPIC FOR DISCUSSION:
MATRICES
(TYPES, OPERATIONS)
OBJECTIVES
By the end of this module, you must be able to:
• 1. Define and illustrate matrices
• 2. Enumerate different types of matrices
WHAT IS A MATRIX?
• A matrix is a rectangular array of real numbers
arranged in m rows and n columns.

• Its size is determined by the number of rows and


columns. The expression “m x n” is the dimension or
order of the matrix. We may also denote a matrix A by
mAn.
WHAT IS A MATRIX?

• The term matrix


was introduced by
the English
Mathematician
James Joseph
Sylvester in 1850.
WHAT IS A MATRIX?
WHAT IS A MATRIX?
• The first non-zero entry in a row of a matrix is
called the leading entry or leading element
• Principal Diagonal/Main Diagonal - The
diagonal from the upper left to the lower right
• Diagonal Entries – Entries in the
principal/Main Diagonal
TYPES OF MATRICES
TYPES OF MATRICES
TYPES OF MATRICES
TYPES OF MATRICES
OPERATIONS ON MATRICES
A. SUM OF TWO MATRICES (ADDITION)
• If A and B are two matrices of the same order,
the sum of A and B, denoted by A + B, is the
matrix for which each of its element is the
sum of the corresponding elements of A and B
A. SUM OF TWO MATRICES (ADDITION)
A. SUM OF TWO MATRICES (ADDITION)
OPERATIONS ON MATRICES
B. DIFFERENCE OF TWO MATRICES
(SUBTRACTION)
• If A and B are matrices having the same order,
then the difference of A and B, denoted by A –
B is defined as:
B. DIFFERENCE OF TWO MATRICES
(SUBTRACTION)
B. DIFFERENCE OF TWO MATRICES
(SUBTRACTION)
OPERATIONS ON MATRICES
C. PRODUCT OF TWO MATRICES (MULTIPLICATION)
• Suppose that A is a matrix of order m x p and B is
a matrix of order p x n, then the product of A
and B, denoted by AB, is the m x n matrix, for
which the element in the ith row and jth column
is the sum of the products formed by multiplying
each element in the ith row of A by the
corresponding element in the jth column of B.
C. PRODUCT OF TWO MATRICES
(MULTIPLICATION)
C. PRODUCT OF TWO MATRICES
(MULTIPLICATION)
C. PRODUCT OF TWO MATRICES
(MULTIPLICATION)
C. PRODUCT OF TWO MATRICES
(MULTIPLICATION)
C. PRODUCT OF TWO MATRICES
(MULTIPLICATION)
C. PRODUCT OF TWO MATRICES
(MULTIPLICATION)
C. PRODUCT OF TWO MATRICES
(MULTIPLICATION)
OPERATIONS ON MATRICES
D. DIVISION OF MATRICES
• Done by multiplying the numerator by the
inverse matrix of the denominator
TRANSPOSING OF MATRICES
• If A is an m x n matrix, then the transpose of
A, denoted by A’ is an n x m matrix. This
implies that simply the transpose of A is
simply obtained by interchanging the rows
and columns of A.
TRANSPOSING OF MATRICES

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