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Simla Agreement 1972

The Shimla Agreement was signed in 1972 between India and Pakistan to improve relations following the 1971 war that resulted in the creation of Bangladesh. The three key points of the agreement were: 1) Both countries agreed to resolve all conflicts peacefully through bilateral negotiations and refrain from the use of force. 2) They committed to respecting each other's territorial integrity and sovereignty and not interfering in internal affairs. 3) Indian and Pakistani forces would withdraw to their side of the border and respect the line of control in Jammu and Kashmir without altering it unilaterally.

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31 views15 pages

Simla Agreement 1972

The Shimla Agreement was signed in 1972 between India and Pakistan to improve relations following the 1971 war that resulted in the creation of Bangladesh. The three key points of the agreement were: 1) Both countries agreed to resolve all conflicts peacefully through bilateral negotiations and refrain from the use of force. 2) They committed to respecting each other's territorial integrity and sovereignty and not interfering in internal affairs. 3) Indian and Pakistani forces would withdraw to their side of the border and respect the line of control in Jammu and Kashmir without altering it unilaterally.

Uploaded by

dc5mnfy5rs
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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1

SIMLA AGREEMENT - 1972

2
INTRO

• Shimla Agreement was signed on 2 July 1972 between India


and Pakistan in Shimla, India
• Agreement was signed after the 1971 Indo-Pakistan War,
which resulted in the creation of Bangladesh
• The war led to a heightened level of tension between the two
countries
• Shimla Agreement aimed to improve their relations and
3
AIM

To apprise student Offrs about


Simla Agreement - 1972

4
SHIMLA AGREEMENT 1972

 The Government of India and the Government of Pakistan are


resolved that the two countries put an end to the conflict and
both countries may henceforth devote their resources and
energies to the pressing task of advancing the welfare of their
peoples. In order to achieve this objective, the Government of
India and the Government of Pakistan have agreed as follows
• That the principles and purposes of the Charter of the United
Nations shall govern the relations between the two countries 5
SHIMLA AGREEMENT 1972
• That the two countries are resolved to settle their
differences by peaceful means through bilateral negotiations
or by any other peaceful means mutually agreed upon
between them. Pending the final settlement of any of the
problems between the two countries, neither side shall
unilaterally alter the situation and both shall prevent the
organization, assistance or encouragement of any acts
detrimental to the maintenance of peaceful and harmonious
relations
• That in accordance with the Charter of the United Nations,
they will refrain from the threat or use of force against the
6
SHIMLA AGREEMENT 1972
• That the pre-requisite for reconciliation, good neighborliness
and durable peace between them is a commitment by both
the countries to peaceful coexistence, respect for each
other’s territorial integrity and sovereignty and non-
interference in each other’s internal affairs, on the basis of
equality and mutual benefit
• That the basic issues and causes of conflict which have
bedevilled the relations between the two countries for the
last 25 years shall be resolved by peaceful mean
• That they shall always respect each other’s national unity,
territorial integrity, political independence and sovereign
equality 7
SHIMLA AGREEMENT 1972

 Both Governments will take all steps within their power to


prevent hostile propaganda directed against each other. Both
countries will encourage the dissemination of such information
as would promote the development of friendly relations
between them

8
SHIMLA AGREEMENT 1972

 In order to progressively restore and normalize relations


between the two countries step by step, it was agreed that
• Steps shall be taken to resume communications, postal,
telegraphic, sea, land including border posts and air links
including over-flights
• Appropriate steps shall be taken to promote travel facilities
for the nationals of the other country
9
SHIMLA AGREEMENT 1972

• Trade and cooperation in economic and agreed fields will be


resumed as far as possible
• Exchange in the fields of science and culture will be
promoted. In this connection, delegations from the two
countries will meet from time to time to work out the
necessary details

10
SHIMLA AGREEMENT 1972

 In order to initiate the process of the establishment of durable


peace, both the Governments agreed that
• Indian and Pakistani forces shall be withdrawn to their side of the
international border
• In Jammu and Kashmir the line of control resulting from the cease-
fire of December 17, 1971 shall be respected by both sides without
prejudice to the recognized position of either side. Neither side shall
seek to alter it unilaterally irrespective of mutual differences and
11
SHIMLA AGREEMENT 1972

• The withdrawals shall commence upon entry into force of


this Agreement and shall be completed within a period of 30
days thereafter

12
SHIMLA AGREEMENT 1972

 This agreement will be subject to ratification by both countries


in accordance with their respective constitutional procedures
and will come into force with effect from the date on which the
Instruments of Ratification are exchanged

13
SHIMLA AGREEMENT 1972

 Both Governments agree that their respective Heads will meet


again at a mutually convenient time in the future and that, in
the meanwhile, the representatives of the two sides will meet
to discuss further the modalities and arrangements for the
establishment of durable peace and normalization of relations,
including the questions of prisoners of war and civilian
internees, a final settlement of Jammu and Kashmir and the
14
Thank you

15

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