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w5 - Carry Out Measuration and Calculation

This document discusses digital representation and data storage in computing. It explains that computers interpret information as patterns of binary digits (bits) representing ones and zeros. It then discusses how different data types like characters, numbers and symbols are represented using bit patterns and coding systems like ASCII. The document also explains how decimal numbers can be converted to binary. Finally, it discusses units of data storage like bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, and terabytes that are used to measure digital file and storage space sizes.

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Mariah Jeanne De Vera
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45 views14 pages

w5 - Carry Out Measuration and Calculation

This document discusses digital representation and data storage in computing. It explains that computers interpret information as patterns of binary digits (bits) representing ones and zeros. It then discusses how different data types like characters, numbers and symbols are represented using bit patterns and coding systems like ASCII. The document also explains how decimal numbers can be converted to binary. Finally, it discusses units of data storage like bytes, kilobytes, megabytes, and terabytes that are used to measure digital file and storage space sizes.

Uploaded by

Mariah Jeanne De Vera
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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E K TO 12 BASIC EDUCATION CURRICULUM TECHNOLOGY AND LIVELIHOOD

EDUCATION

CARRY OUT
MEASUREMENT
AND
CALCULATION
DIGITAL
REPRESENTATION
Within a computer, information is represented and stored in
a digital binary format. The term bit is an abbreviation of
binary digit and represents the smallest piece of data.
Humans interpret words and pictures; computers interpret
only patterns of bits.
WHAT IS A BIT?
A bit can have only two possible values, a one digit (1) or a
zero digit (0). A bit can be used to represent the state of
something that has two states. For example, a light switch
can be either On or Off; in binary representation, these
states would correspond to 1 and 0, respectively
Computers use binary codes to represent and interpret
letters, numbers and special characters with bits. A
commonly used code is the American Standard Code for
Information Interchange (ASCII). With ASCII, each
character is represented by a string of bits.
For example:

Capital letter: A = 01000001 Number: 9


= 00001001 Special character: # =
00100011
Capital letter: A = 01000001 Number: 9
= 00001001 Special character: # =
00100011
Each group of eight bits, such as the
representations of letters and numbers, is
known as a byte. Codes can be used to
represent almost any type of information
digitally: computer data, graphics, photos,
voice, video, and music.
CONVERT DECIMAL NUMBERS
TO BINARY
TO CONVERT A DECIMAL NUMBER TO BINARY, ALL YOU
HAVE TO DO IS DIVIDE THE NUMBER BY 2. GET THE
QUOTIENT AND THE REMAINDER. BRING DOWN THE
QUOTIENT, DIVIDE IT BY 2, AND GET THE QUOTIENT
AND REMAINDER AGAIN. DO IT REPEATEDLY UNTIL THE
QUOTIENT RESULTS TO 0. COPY THE REMAINDER FROM
BOTTOM TO TOP, AND THAT IS THE BINARY
EQUIVALENT.
EXAMPLE: 25
QUOTIENT REMAINDER
25/2 12 1
12/2 6 0
6/2 3 0
3/2 1 1
1/2 0 1
25 = 11001
CHECKING:
1 1 0 0 1 MULTIPLIER
16 8 4 2 1 EQUIVALENTS
16 8 0 0 1 RESULTS

16+8+1 = 25
CALCULATING DATA
STORAGE
While a bit is the smallest representation of data,
the most basic unit of digital storage is the byte. A
byte is 8 bits and is the smallest unit of measure
(UOM) used to represent data storage capacity.
When referring to storage space, we use the terms
bytes (B), kilobytes (KB), megabytes (MB),
gigabytes (GB), and terabytes (TB)
CALCULATING DATA
STORAGE
One kilobyte is a little more than one thousand
bytes, specifically 1,024.
A megabyte represents more than a million
bytes or 1,048,576.
A gigabyte is 1,073,741,824 bytes.
A terabyte is 1,099,511,627,776.
The exact number is gained by taking 2^n
power
In general, when something is represented digitally, the greater
the detail, the greater the number of bits needed to represent it.
A low-resolution picture from a digital camera will use around
360KB, and a high-resolution picture could use 2 MB or more.
Kilobytes, megabytes, gigabytes, and terabytes are typically used
to measure the size o rstorage capacity of a device. Examples of
components and devices that use byte storage include: random
access memory (RAM), hard disk drive space, CDs, DVDs, and
MP3 players.
CDs have a data storage capacity of
approximately 700 MB. DVDs have a data
storage capacity of approximately 4.3 GB on
a single-layer disc, and approximately 8.5 GB
on a dual layer disc. BDs have a storage
capacity of 25 GB on a single-layer disc, and
50 GB on a dual-layer disc
Once we know the size of a file or folder, it is possible to
determine the number of bytes being used.
For example:
A file is 20 KB in size
1 KB = 1,024 Bytes
20 * 1,024 = 20,480 bytes in a 20 KB file
If a 20 KB file is stored in a 1 MB folder (1 MB = 1,048,576
bytes of space); then approximately a total of 51 files can be
stored in that folder (1,048,576 / 20,480 = 51.2).
THANK YOU FOR
LISTENING!

from the Ms. De Vera

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