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Unit 1

The document discusses different modes of data transmission: - Half duplex mode allows transmission in two directions but only one direction at a time, like a walkie talkie. - Full duplex mode allows simultaneous two-way transmission using two channels, like a phone call. It is the fastest but requires more bandwidth. - Asynchronous transmission sends data in characters or bytes with start and stop bits but no synchronization, while synchronous transmission sends data in blocks with synchronization and no gaps between blocks.

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30 views

Unit 1

The document discusses different modes of data transmission: - Half duplex mode allows transmission in two directions but only one direction at a time, like a walkie talkie. - Full duplex mode allows simultaneous two-way transmission using two channels, like a phone call. It is the fastest but requires more bandwidth. - Asynchronous transmission sends data in characters or bytes with start and stop bits but no synchronization, while synchronous transmission sends data in blocks with synchronization and no gaps between blocks.

Uploaded by

jkashish04
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Half duplex mode

The half duplex mode of transmission is used in computer networks when there is a way to flow information from
sender to receiver but only one at a time. In this mode, the connected devices can transmit or receive the data but not
simultaneously. In half duplex mode, the direction of communication can be reversed as the radio stations can receive
as well as transmit the data. The half-duplex mode is used when communication in both directions is not required at
the same time .
Examples

A communication using a Walkie-talkie is an example of a half duplex mode. When using a walkie-talkie, one party speaks
while the other listens. After a slight pause, the other party speaks while the first party listens. Speaking at the same time
produces a distorted sound that cannot be understood.
Full duplex
The Full Duplex mode of transmission is used in computing networks when there is simultaneous information flow in both
directions, from sender to receiver. In this mode of transmission, the channel capacity is shared between the two devices,
and communication occurs in both directions across a communication link that requires two wires. The Full Duplex mode
features two simplex channels. One channel has traffic flowing in one direction, while the other channel has traffic flowing
in the other way. The full duplex mode is used when communication in both directions is required.
Examples
A telephone network in which two people communicate over a phone line on which both can talk and listen at the
same time.
In the messaging app, we can send and receive messages simultaneously.

Advantages
The full duplex transmission mode is the fastest because the transmission happens in both ways.
Both stations can send and receive data simultaneously.

Disadvantages
If no dedicated path exists between the devices, the communication channel's capacity is divided into two parts.
Differences between Simplex, Half-Duplex, and Full-Duplex Mode

Basis for Comparison Simplex mode Half Duplex mode Full Duplex mode
Unidirectional flow of Bidirectional flow of Bidirectional information flow
Direction of communication information from the sender to information from sender to in both directions, from the
the receiver. receiver but only one at a time. sender to the receiver.

A device can only send data but Both devices can send and
Transmit/Receive cannot receive it, or it can only receive data, but only one can Both devices can send and
receive data but cannot send it. do so at a time. receive data simultaneously.

Relatively faster than simplex


Speed Slow mode. Fastest transmission mode.

The entire bandwidth of the It either uses two simplex


It uses the complete bandwidth communication channel is bandwidth communication
Utilization of bandwidth of the communicating channel. used in only one direction at a channel or divide the complete
time. bandwidth channel into two
parts for data transmission.

A telephone network in which


Example Communication between a Communication using a walkie- two people communicate over
computer and a keyboard. talkie. a phone
Synchronous Transmission: In Synchronous Transmission, data is sent in form of blocks or frames. This
transmission is the full-duplex type. Between sender and receiver, synchronization is compulsory. In
Synchronous transmission, There is no gap present between data. It is more efficient and more reliable than
asynchronous transmission to transfer a large amount of data. Synchronous communication takes place when the
recipient of your message processes and responds to it the moment they receive it. A good example is a meeting,
where someone will say something, everyone will hear it immediately, and someone else will respond as soon as
they've processed the information.
Example:
•Chat Rooms
•Telephonic Conversations
•Video Conferencing
Asynchronous Transmission: In Asynchronous Transmission, data is sent in form of byte or character. This transmission
is the half-duplex type transmission. In this transmission start bits and stop bits are added with data. It does not require
synchronization. Asynchronous communication takes place when you send a message without expecting an instant reply.
For example, when you send someone an email and they don't reply until a few hours later. For asynchronous
communication to happen, the involved parties don't need to be present at the same time.
In Parallel Transmission, various bits are sent together simultaneously with a single clock pulse. It is a fast way to transmit
as it uses many input/output lines for transferring the data.
Furthermore, it is advantageous because it conforms to the underlying hardware also, as the electronic devices like computer
and communication hardware uses parallel circuitry internally. This is a reason the parallel interface complements the
internal hardware well.

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