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Introduction To Research Methodology

Maaf, saya tidak memiliki akses ke tugas akhir mahasiswa S1 Teknik Sipil tersebut. Bisakah Anda berikan ringkasan singkat dari tugas akhir tersebut? Dengan demikian saya dapat menjawab point-point yang Anda minta berdasarkan ringkasan tersebut.

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2023210096.gilang
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36 views

Introduction To Research Methodology

Maaf, saya tidak memiliki akses ke tugas akhir mahasiswa S1 Teknik Sipil tersebut. Bisakah Anda berikan ringkasan singkat dari tugas akhir tersebut? Dengan demikian saya dapat menjawab point-point yang Anda minta berdasarkan ringkasan tersebut.

Uploaded by

2023210096.gilang
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to

Research
Methodology
Wenda Nofera
Research is:
Research is an endeavour to discover answers to intellectual and
practical problems through the application of scientific method.

“Research is a systematized effort to gain new knowledge”.

Research is the systematic process of collecting and analyzing


information (data) in order to increase our understanding of the
phenomenon about which we are concerned or interested.
What is research?
Research is the process of finding solutions to a problem
after a thorough study and analysis of the situational
factors
Research provides the needed information s to make
informed decisions to successfully deal with problems

The information provided could be the result of a careful


analysis of data gathered firsthand or of data that are
already available
Characteristics of Research

 Research is directed towards the solution of a problem.


 Research is based upon observable experience or empirical evidence.
 Research demands accurate observation and description.
 Research involves gathering new data from primary sources or using existing data
for a new purpose.
 Research activities are, search the related literature and to understand and analyze
the data gathered.
 Research is objective and logical – applying every possible test to validate the data
collected and conclusions reached. characterized by carefully designed procedures.
 Research requires expertise i.e., skill necessary to carryout investigation
 Research requires courage.
 Research is characterized by patient and unhurried activity.
 Research is carefully recorded and reported.
SCIENTIFIC METHOD
• ‘Science’ refers to the body of systematic and organised knowledge
which makes use of scientific method to acquire knowledge in a
particular field of enquiry.
• Scientific method is the systematic collection of data (facts) and their
theoretical treatment through proper observation, experimentation
and interpretation.
• Scientific method attempts to achieve a systematic interrelation of
facts by experimentation, observation, and logical arguments from
accepted postulates and a combination of these three in varying
proportions.
BASIC POSTULATES IN SCIENTIFIC METHOD

• It relies on empirical evidence.


• It utilizes relevant concepts.
• It is committed to only objective considerations.
• It presupposes ethical neutrality.
• It results into probabilistic predictions.
• The methodology is made known.
• Aims at formulating scientific theories.
CRITERIA OF A GOOD RESEARCH

 Purpose clearly defined.


 Research process detailed.
 Research design thoroughly planned.
 High ethical standards applied.
 Limitations frankly revealed.
 Adequate analysis for decision maker’s needs.
 Findings presented unambiguously.
 Conclusions justified.
 Researcher’s experience reflected.
QUALITIES OF A GOOD RESEARCH

• Systematic
• Logical
• Empirical
• Replicable
• Creative
• Use of multiple methods
TYPES OF RESEARCH

 Descriptive vs Analytical Research

Descriptive Research is a fact finding investigation


which is aimed at describing the characteristics of
individual, situation or a group (or) describing the state of
affairs as it exists at present.

Analytical Research is primarily concerned with testing


hypothesis and specifying and interpreting relationships, by
analyzing the facts or information already available.
 Applied vs Fundamental Research

Applied Research or Action Research is carried out to find


solution to a real life problem requiring an action or policy
decision.

Fundamental Research which is also known as basic or


pure research is undertaken for the sake of knowledge
without any intention to apply it in practice.
It is undertaken out of intellectual curiosity and
is not necessarily problem-oriented.
 Quantitative vs Qualitative Research

Quantitative Research is employed for


measuring the quantity or amount of a particular
phenomena by the use of statistical analysis.

Qualitative Research is a non-quantitative


type of analysis which is aimed at finding out the quality
of a particular phenomenon.
 Conceptual vs Empirical Research

Conceptual Research is generally used by


philosophers and thinkers to develop new concepts or to
reinterpret existing ones.

Empirical Research is a data based research


which depends on experience or observation alone. It is
aimed at coming up with conclusions without due regard for
system and theory.
Some other types of research..

 One-time Research – Research confined to a single time period.


 Longitudinal Research – Research carried on over several time periods.
 Diagnostic Research – It is also called clinical research which aims at identifying
the causes of a problem, frequency with which it occurs and the possible solutions
for it.
 Exploratory Research – It is the preliminary study of an unfamiliar problem, about
which the researcher has little or no knowledge. It is aimed to gain familiarity with
the problem, to generate new ideas or to make a precise formulation of the problem.
Hence it is also known as formulative research.
 Experimental Research – It is designed to assess the effect of one particular variable
on a phenomenon by keeping the other variables constant or controlled.
 Historical Research – It is the study of past records and other information sources,
with a view to find the origin and development of a phenomenon and to discover
the trends in the past, inorder to understand the present and to anticipate the future.
RESEARCH PROCESS
FF
Review the literature
FF

Review
Concepts Analyse
Design
And Collect Data
Research Interpret
Define theories Formulate Data (Test
(Including and
Research hypothesis (Execution) Hypothesis
Sample report
Problem if any)
Review Design)
F F
Previous
I Research III IV V
findings VI VII

II
F

F Feed Back
FF Feed Forward
Tugas #1
• Baca penelitian mahasiswa S1 Teknik Sipil sebelumnya.
• Ringkaskan TA tersebut untuk menjawab point-point sebagai berikut:
a. Apa latar belakang tugas akhir tersebut?
b. Apa rumusan masalahnya?
c. Apa tujuannya?
d. Bagaimana Metodologinya?
e. Apa hasil dan kesimpulannya?

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