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Settlement, Population and Economic Challenges

The document discusses the concept of a 'two-speed economy' where some parts of a country experience faster economic growth and higher wages than others. It provides examples from the UK and proposes solutions like high-speed rail to improve mobility and connectivity. It also discusses the debate around building on greenfield versus brownfield sites for housing construction.

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24 views6 pages

Settlement, Population and Economic Challenges

The document discusses the concept of a 'two-speed economy' where some parts of a country experience faster economic growth and higher wages than others. It provides examples from the UK and proposes solutions like high-speed rail to improve mobility and connectivity. It also discusses the debate around building on greenfield versus brownfield sites for housing construction.

Uploaded by

bold banana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Settlement, Population and

Economic Challenges
Philip and Yana
Two-speed economy is when the economic growth is
not constant in certain place. In the UK, London and
the South-east of England have a higher and faster
economic growth than the Northern areas of England
and Scotland. Also, the house prices are increasing
The ‘two- faster than other areas in the UK.
One effect of economic growth in London and the
speed South-east is because of large construction projects
and new transport systems are built. So, more people

economy’ can move to the London and South-east to work.


Investment across the UK is focused on a particular
space that not invested places lead to lack of
employments. Also, there is a huge gap in wages
between the North and South because of economic
policies only target the South to improve.
Solutions
• Solutions to the ‘two-speed economy’ are focused on transportation – so that
this improves the mobility of people and movement of goods and skills. These
include:
• High Speed Rail 2 railway constructed outside the capital that there is an
increase of employees outside London.
• Investment in better transportation to improve movement of workers.
Therefore, they can move their goods quicker.
• Improving connections to northern airport to encourage travel and increase
investment from abroad.
• Using ‘smart tickets’ that accessing the transportations are easier for people.
Greenfields and Brownfields

Greenfields – Sites that have never been built on before. They’re often
located outside a town and lay on agricultural land.

Brownfields – Typically located in urban areas as they are sites that have
been built on before. Often, brownfields are abandoned sites that
companies may repurpose into more productive areas.

With the increasing demand for housing, there is a debate on whether


new construction should occur on greenfield or brownfield sites.
Greenfields
Advantages Disadvantages
• Land is cheaper in rural areas • Valuable farm or recreational land is
and rates of house building is lost.
faster. • Could disturb surrounding nature
• Not previously built on so new and creates more pollution
development is efficient and • Encourages traffic congestion as
pleasant. people travel into urban areas from
the countryside.
• Healthier environment. • Not favoured by environmentalists
• City expands allowing more as it encourages urban sprawl (rapid
space for population growth. expansion of cities/towns).
Brownfields
Advantages Disadvantages
• Closer to the city and workplaces so • More expensive to build on as
less commute. often the land needs to be cleared
• More likely to get planning first (especially if land is
permission. contaminated from previous
industrial use).
• Reduces the loss of the countryside.
• Surrounded by run-down areas so
• Site has already been developed and might not look appealing.
has services such as electricity and
sewage, so it reduces urban sprawl. • If not cleaned correctly, there could
be high levels of pollution which
• Improves the urban environment
would not be healthy for residents.
as it redesigns unsightly areas.

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