Scribd
Upload
67 views61 pages

Similarity Ratio and Proportion 1

Here are the steps to solve the proportions in the exercises: 1) 5x/15 = 2/6 Cross multiply: 5x(6) = 2(15) 5x = 30 x = 6 2) 3x-6/12 = 9/x+6 Cross multiply: 3x-6(x+6) = 9(12) 3x-6x-36 = 108 -3x = 72 x = -24 3) x/4 = 21/7 Cross multiply: x(7) = 21(4) x = 84 x = 21 4) 2x+3/8 = 15/x

Uploaded by

arcenallance76
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
67 views61 pages

Similarity Ratio and Proportion 1

Here are the steps to solve the proportions in the exercises: 1) 5x/15 = 2/6 Cross multiply: 5x(6) = 2(15) 5x = 30 x = 6 2) 3x-6/12 = 9/x+6 Cross multiply: 3x-6(x+6) = 9(12) 3x-6x-36 = 108 -3x = 72 x = -24 3) x/4 = 21/7 Cross multiply: x(7) = 21(4) x = 84 x = 21 4) 2x+3/8 = 15/x

Uploaded by

arcenallance76
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 61

SIMILARITY

Ratio and
Proportion
Ratio
A ratio is a comparison between
two or more quantities. The ratio of
a to b can be written as
𝑎 : 𝑏 ( read as is to )
𝑎
𝑏 ( fractional form )
Ratio
Example:
The ratio of number of apples
to number of boys is
1
2
The order of terms in a ratio is
important.
The ratio is not the same as .

Example:

3:2 is not the same as 2:3


Ratios may also be written in
simplest form or can be raised to
greater terms, hence they are called
𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑙 𝑜𝑟 𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑣𝑎𝑙𝑒𝑛𝑡 𝑟𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑠
There are other ways of expressing ratio such as
It can be simplified to or the terms can be raised
to .
Ratios should have the same
unit; otherwise, conversion
should be done before
comparing the terms.
Simplifying ratios
16 𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 Here the units are
24 𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 the same. Just
cancel and reduce

16 𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 16 8 2
¿ ÷ ¿
24 𝑠𝑡𝑢𝑑𝑒𝑛𝑡𝑠 24 8 3
Ratio
If a ratio is written in 2 different
units, you have to convert them
to the same unit – then reduce.

*A simplified ratio does not


have any units
Simplifying ratios
20 𝑜𝑧 Here the units are
4 𝑙𝑏 different. Change units
then and reduce

change the bigger unit to smaller ones (so


change from pounds to ounces)
Simplifying ratios
20 𝑜𝑧 20 𝑜𝑧 4 5
¿ ÷
4 𝑙𝑏 64 𝑜𝑧 4 ¿ 16
Leave your
𝑜𝑟 5:16 answer as
a fraction
Simplify the following ratios:

1. 250 meters : 5 kilometers


2. 6 days : 3 weeks
3. 2 dozen eggs is to 18 eggs
Simplify the following ratios:

1. 250 meters : 5,000 meters


2. 6 days : 21 days
3. 24 eggs is to 18 eggs
Simplify the following ratios:

1. 1:20
2. 2:7
3. 4:3
Problem:

Mrs. Villa divided the class into


groups of twenty four pupils in the
group. Group A toured the campus
in 45 minutes while group B did it in
one hour and 15 minutes. What is
the ratio of Group A’s time to that
of Group B?
Solution:

Group A’s time = 45 minutes


Group B’s time = 1 hour and
15 minutes
1 hour = 60 minutes
60 mins + 15 mins = 75 mins
Therefore, the ratio is
′
𝐺𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑝 𝐴 𝑠 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 45 𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑠
=¿
𝐺𝑟𝑜𝑢𝑝 𝐵 𝑠 𝑡𝑖𝑚𝑒 75𝑚𝑖𝑛𝑠
′

45 15 𝟑
÷ ¿ 𝒐𝒓 𝟑 :𝟓
75 15 𝟓
Extended Ratio

An extended ratio happens


when you compare more
than two things.
Extended Ratio
For example: The ratios of the
angles of a triangle are 2 : 3 : 4.
Find the measures of each
angles.
What do all the angles of a triangle
add up to?
4x 180
So use the ratios of the
angles and create an
algebra problem:
3x 2x

2x + 3x + 4x = 180
A wooden stick is cut in three in the
ratio 1:2:5. Find the length of each
sticks if the original length of the
wooden stick was 96 inches.
Let:
x = shortest stick
2x = longer stick
5x = longest stick
then,
x + 2x + 5x = 96
8x = 96
8 8
8x = 96
8 8
x = 12
Hence, the lengths of the sticks are
x = 12 inches
2x = 24 inches 96 inches
5x = 60 inches
Proportion
Comparison of two equal
ratios.
Example:
5 15
2:3=4:6 =
8 24
In a proportion,

a:b=c:d
means
extremes
Property of Proportion

1. The product of the means equals


the product of the extremes
If a:b=c:d
then, bc
ad

ad = bc
Determine whether the
following ratios form a
proportion.
20:8 and 16:4
Solution:
(20)(4) = (8)(16)
80 = 128
Not a proportion
15 to 45 and 7 to 28
Solution:
(15)(28) = (45)(7)
420 = 315
Not a proportion
20 35
𝑎𝑛𝑑
16 28
Solution:
(20)(28) = (35)(16)
560 = 560
Proportion
Other Properties of Proportion

𝑎 𝑐
If =
𝑏 𝑑
then,
𝑏 𝑑
=
𝑎 𝑐
Example:
2 4
If =
3 6
then,
3 6
=
2 4
Other Properties of Proportion

𝑎 𝑐
If =
𝑏 𝑑
then,
𝑎 𝑏
=
𝑐 𝑑
Example:
2 4
If =
3 6
then,
2 3
=
4 6
Other Properties of Proportion

𝑎 𝑐
If =
𝑏 𝑑
then,
𝑎+ 𝑏 𝑐+ 𝑑
=
𝑏 𝑑
Example:
2 4
If =
3 6
then,
2 +3 4+ 6
5=10
3 6
Solving proportions
• To solve a proportion, cross
multiply then solve the equation.
• Solve
7 𝑝
=
8 32
7 𝑝
=
8 32
8 𝑝¿(7)( 32)
8 𝑝¿224
8 8
𝑝¿ 28
4 8
=
6 𝑥
4 𝑥¿(8) (6)
4 𝑥¿48
4 4
𝑥¿ 12
𝑦 1
=
36 2
2 𝑦¿(1)(36)
2 𝑦¿36
2 2
𝑦¿ 18
9 18
=
𝑥 +1 54
1 8( 𝑥 +1)¿(9)(54 )
1 8 𝑥+18¿486 − 18
18 𝑥¿ 468
18 18
𝑥¿ 26
3−𝑥 8
=
𝑥 + 4 48
48(3 − 𝑥 )¿8 ( 𝑥+ 4)
144− 48 𝑥¿8 𝑥+32
− 48 𝑥− 8 𝑥¿32−144
−56 𝑥¿−112
−56 −56
−56 𝑥¿−112
−56 −56

𝑥 ¿2

other method
3−𝑥 1 8
=
𝑥 + 4 48
6
6 (3 − 𝑥) ¿1( 𝑥 +4 )
18 −6 𝑥 ¿𝑥 + 4
−6 𝑥 − 𝑥 ¿4− 18
−7 𝑥 ¿− 14
−7 −7
−7 𝑥 ¿− 14
−7 −7

𝑥¿ 2

Same result but easier approach


𝑇 𝑟𝑦 𝑡h𝑖𝑠
𝑆 𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑡h𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

𝑐 21
=
10 30

𝑐=7
𝑇 𝑟𝑦 𝑡h𝑖𝑠
𝑆 𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑡h𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

5 40
=
4 𝑏

𝑏=32
𝑇 𝑟𝑦 𝑡h𝑖𝑠
𝑆 𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑡h𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

12 108
=
𝑡 45

𝑡 =5
𝑇 𝑟𝑦 𝑡h𝑖𝑠
𝑆 𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑡h𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

1 𝑤
=
7 42

𝑤=6
𝑇 𝑟𝑦 𝑡h𝑖𝑠
𝑆 𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑡h𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

𝑥 9
=
30 10

𝑥=27
𝑇 𝑟𝑦 𝑡h𝑖𝑠
𝑆 𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑡h𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

3 9
=
4 𝑛

𝑥=12
𝑇 𝑟𝑦 𝑡h𝑖𝑠
𝑆 𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑡h𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

𝑥 5
=
8 16

𝑥=2 .5
𝑇 𝑟𝑦 𝑡h𝑖𝑠
𝑆 𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑡h𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
3 𝑘
=
12 15
1 5 𝑜𝑟 3 3
𝑘= 4 𝑜𝑟 3.75
4
𝑇 𝑟𝑦 𝑡h𝑖𝑠
𝑆 𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑡h𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

𝑥 +1 15
=
4 12

𝑥=4
𝑇 𝑟𝑦 𝑡h𝑖𝑠
𝑆 𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑡h𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

6 𝑥−2
=
12 48

𝑥=26
𝑇 𝑟𝑦 𝑡h𝑖𝑠
𝑆 𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑡h𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛
4 𝑛 85 −𝑛
=
25 100

𝑛=5
𝑇 𝑟𝑦 𝑡h𝑖𝑠
𝑆 𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒 𝑡h𝑒 𝑝𝑟𝑜𝑝𝑜𝑟𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛

2+𝑟 17+ 𝑟
=
8 20

𝑟 =8
Exercises: Find the value of x.
Exercises: Find the value of x.

You might also like