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Eee 4154

This document describes a project to detect the location of underground cable faults using an Arduino microcontroller. The objective is to detect short circuit faults in cables buried underground. It uses a series of resistors to represent cable length and switches to induce faults. When a fault occurs, the voltage change is read by the Arduino's ADC and the location in kilometers is displayed on an LCD. Relays separate faulty lines from healthy ones. The design aims to quickly and efficiently locate underground cable faults to reduce costs and effort of repair.

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Mehedi Hasan
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65 views

Eee 4154

This document describes a project to detect the location of underground cable faults using an Arduino microcontroller. The objective is to detect short circuit faults in cables buried underground. It uses a series of resistors to represent cable length and switches to induce faults. When a fault occurs, the voltage change is read by the Arduino's ADC and the location in kilometers is displayed on an LCD. Relays separate faulty lines from healthy ones. The design aims to quickly and efficiently locate underground cable faults to reduce costs and effort of repair.

Uploaded by

Mehedi Hasan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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UNDERGROUND CABLE FAULT DETECTION

USING ARDUINO

Submitted by :

Tanzid Ahmed (20200105022)


Kazi Mir Md. Mehedi Hasan (20200105023)
Showrov Ahamed Sajib (20200105024)
Chowdhury Izaz Abdullah (20200105026)
OBJECTIVE:

The main objective of this project is to detect the exact


location of short circuit cable fault in the underground
cables from the feeder end in km by using resistors and dc
supply.
INTRODUCTION:

Underground cables are preferred in many areas specially


in urban places, when it is easy to detect and correct the
faults in overhead line by mere observation, it is not
possible to do so in an underground cable. As they are
buried deep in the soil it is not easy to detect the
abnormalities in them. Even when a fault is found to be
present it is very difficult to detect the exact location of
the fault. This leads to digging of the entire area to detect
and correct the fault which in turn causes wastage of
money and manpower. So, it is necessary to know the
exact location of faults in the underground cables
COMPONENTS
Veroboard 10cm x 22cm
Arduino UNO Microcontroller
16×2 LCD Display
12V 5Pin Relay x 3
4007 Diode x 3
ULN2003a Relay Driver
Slide Switch x 12
10k Variable Resistor
100R Resistor x 16
12V Buzzer
LED x 3
Jumper Wire
12V 400mAh Battery
DESIGN METHODOLOGY
•Assembled with a set of resistors representing cable length in KM’s .

•Fault creation is made by a set of switches at every known KM

•The fault occurring at a particular distance and the respective phase is


displayed on a LCD

•Whenever there is a short circuit fault , the voltage across series


resistors changes accordingly, which is then fed to inbuilt ADC of
Arduino board to develop precise digital data for display in kilometers
CIRCUIT DIAGRAM (PROTEUS):
OVERVIEW OF DESIGN :
 About 12 fault switches are used which are arranged in three rows with
each row having 4 switches. The 3 rows represent the 3phases namely R,
Y and B
 The fault switches have 2positions.
 This circuit can check aximum cable length up to 4 kilometers. So starting
from the reference point 4 sets of resistances are placed in series. These 4
sets of resistances represent the three phases and the neutral .
 Short circuit fault can be determined by this circuit.
 One relay for each phase R,Y and B, a three relays are used and the
common points of the relays are grounded and the NO points are
connected to the inputs of R4, R8 and R12.
 As supply needed for the relays is higher than that of the Arduino, Relay
driver is used to boost the supply and provide it to the relays.
o 12V DC is used to supply power to the arduino and 5V to the LCD.

oFirst voltage regulator feeds the voltage to microcontroller, LCD, and the set of
series resistors.

oWhile the second voltage regulator feeds the relay and relay driver IC ULN2003A.

oThere are three relays which are driven by a relay driver IC ULN2003A.

o The relay used here drives the bulb load to indicate the fault occuring phase.

oWhen fault is induced by operating any of the 12 switches, they impose conditions
like LG, LL, LLG fault as per the switch operation. As a result of the fault, current
flows through the shorted line and developing drops across the corresponding phase
resistors.

oThis voltage value measured across the resistance is fed to the ADC of the Arduino
and microcontroller will process the digital data and the output is being displayed in
the LCD connected to the microcontroller in kilometres as per the programming
conditions
ARDUINO INTERFACE
Fig : Schematic diagram in Proteus

Fig :Uploading arduino code in the Arduino Uno by inserting the hex file in program file
Fig: Interface while runnig the simulation

Fig : Interface after the compilation is done


EXPERIMENTAL SETUP
FUTURE ENHANCEMENT

 Further this project can be enhanced by using capacitor in an AC


circuit to measure the impedance which can even locate the open
circuited cable, unlike the short-circuited fault only using resistors in
DC circuit as followed in the above proposed project.
 Further this project can be used to find the insulation of the cable,
EMF generation in the cable, check the power quality at instantly .
CONCLUSION

We propose this project to detect the exact location of short circuit


fault in the underground cables from the feeder end in km by using an
Arduino microcontroller. Relay helps to separate the faulty line from
healthy line.

This saves a lot of time, money and efforts and also allows to service
underground cables faster.

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