Chapter 2
Chapter 2
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 3-9
Insight on Business: Peer-to-
Peer Computing Goes to Work
Peer-to-peer computing an outgrowth of client/server
computing model
Allows client computers to share resources without
intervention of a central server
Most often used for sharing music and other file over
the Internet, in violation of copyright laws
However, some new legitimate uses such as Groove
Workspace, a P2P platform developed by Groove
Networks
Other Internet Protocols and Utility Programs
HTTP: Protocol used to transfer Web pages
SMTP, POP and IMAP: Protocols used to send and receive e-mail
FTP: Protocol that permits users to transfer files from server to client
and vice versa
SSL: Protocol that provides secure communications between client
and server
Telnet: Program that enables a client to emulate a mainframe
computer terminal
Finger: Utility program that lets you check who is logged on, for how
long and user name
Ping: Utility program that allows you to check connection between
client and server
Tracert: Utility program that allows you to follow pat of a message
sent from a client to a remote computer
Intranets and Extranets
Intranet: TCP/IP network located within a
single organization for purposes of
communication and information processing
Extranet: Formed when firms permit outsiders
to access their internal TCP/IP networks
Hypertext
A way of formatting pages with embedded
links that connect documents to one another,
and that also link pages to other objects such
as sound, video or animation files
Uses Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and
URLs to locate resources on the Web
Markup Languages
Generalized Markup Languages (GMLs) include:
Standard Generalized Markup Language (SGML) –
an early GML
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) – a GML that is
relatively easy to use; provides fixed set of markup
“tags” used to format a Web page
eXtensible Markup Language (XML) – new markup
language specification developed by W3C that is
designed to describe data and information; tags used
are defined by user
The Internet and Web: Features
Internet and Web features on which the foundations
of e-commerce are built include:
E-mail
Instant messaging
Search engines
Intelligent agents (bots)
Chat
Music, video and other standard files
Streaming media
Cookies
E-mail
Most used application of the Internet
Uses a series of protocols to enable messages
containing text, images, sound, video clips, etc to be
transferred from one Internet user to another
Also allows attachments (files attached to the e-mail
message)
Can be an effective marketing tool
Spam: unsolicited e-mail. A worsening problem
Instant Messaging
Fastest growing form of online human
communication
Displays words type on a computer almost
instantly, and recipients can then respond
immediately in the same way
Different proprietary systems offered by AOL,
MSN, Yahoo
Search Engines
Identifies Web pages that appear to match
keywords (queries) entered by a user, and
provides list of best matches based on one or
more of a variety of techniques
No longer simply search engines, but also
shopping tools and advertising vehicles
(search engine marketing)
Intelligent Agents (Bots)
Software programs that gather and/or filter
information on a specific topic and then
provide a list of results
Types include search bot, shopping bot, Web
monitoring bot, news bot, chatterbot
Other Internet and Web Features
Relevant to E-commerce
Chat: Enables users to communicate via computer in
real time (simultaneously); used in e-commerce to
help develop community
Music, video, and other standard files: routinely used
for marketing and advertising purposes
Streaming media: enables music, video and other
large files to be sent to users in chunks so that when
received and played, file comes through
uninterrupted
Cookies: small text file stored on user’s computer
with information about the user that can be accessed
by Web site the next time user returns to the site
Case Study: A k a m a i T e c h n o l o g i e s :
AttemptingtoKeepSupplyAhead
o f D e m a n d: Page 172